Planting sugarcane should pay attention to the following technical problems.

1, choose the best varieties

Sugarcane and other crops, as well as many unique varieties. In the south of the Great Wall, north of the Yangtze River in the vast area of deep soil, fertile soil, light, temperature, water and soil natural resources under suitable conditions, you should choose a relatively short reproductive period (210 days or so), cold, drought, resistance, strong resistance, vigorous growth potential, on the sugar fast and centralized, in line with the local consumption habits of the excellent varieties. Such as the northern fruit cane, new Taiwan sugar 10, new Taiwan sugar 22, etc.. This is the basic measure to achieve high yield and high sugar.

2, the implementation of double-film cover according to local conditions

Northern sugarcane to maximize its growth time, advocating early spring seedling transplanting, take the pavement film plus buckle small arches double-film cover. Ward off late frost and inverted spring cold, improve ground temperature, reduce water evaporation and fertilizer loss, promote early tillering, increase the effective stem, early nodulation. When the maximum temperature in the shed reaches 38 ℃ above the appropriate wind, to prevent burning leaves.

3, reasonable dense planting, the establishment of high-yield groups

Sugarcane's economic output is constituted by the number of effective stems per unit area and the weight of a single stem, reasonable dense planting not only ensures that the number of effective bases per unit area, but also improves the permeability of the field and improves the photosynthetic efficiency, and promotes the coordinated production of individuals and groups. Generally adopt the single row planting method with equal row spacing of 90 to 95 cm and plant spacing of 20 to 30 cm, and plant 3000 to 3500 basic seedlings in 667 m2. At the peak of tillering, eliminate small tillers, weak tillers, select and retain large tillers, strong tillers. 667 m 2 effective seedling 6000 ~ 6500 plants.

4, increase the amount of formula fertilization

Sugarcane like efficient organic fertilizer, such as chicken manure, cake fertilizer. In the use of fertilizer should be implemented in soil testing and analysis of balanced fertilization. Effective ingredient content ratio of 1:0.8:1 is more appropriate. The whole life cycle of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium all fertilizer in three times. When preparing the ground, every 667 m 2 scattered, rotting chicken manure 4 ~ 5 m 3. 100 ~ 120 kg of calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, urea 20 ~ 25 kg (such as the content of nitrogen and other fertilizers can also be), 25 ~ 30 kg of potassium sulfate. Deep plowing and harrowing.

The economic yield of sugarcane is very high, generally 667 meters 2 yield 5500 to 7500 kilograms. It is a 4-carbon crop with high fertilizer and high light efficiency. In addition to the base fertilizer, but also timely application of fertilizer. Seedlings 4 ~ 6 true leaves, mid-tillage weeding, chasing seedling fertilizer, 667 m 2 chase urea 25 ~ 30 kg, potash 15 ~ 25 kg, cultivate the soil 5 ~ 7 cm, to promote the cane seedling production, early tillering. late June, sugar cane into the node elongation of the key period, 667 m 2 chasing urea 60 ~ 70 kg, potash 25 ~ 30 kg, foliar spraying of 200 × 10-6 gibberellic acid aqueous solution The foliar spraying of 200×10-6 gibberellin water solution, vigorously promote the elongation of the stem nodes. Root large cultivation soil, height 20 ~ 25 cm or more, effective prevention of collapse, promote the growth of large seedlings. Appropriate application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer in order to achieve high yield and high sugar double harvest.

5, pest control

The main diseases of sugarcane are wind pear disease, embedded disease and sheath rot, transmitted by fungi. Northern planting by the natural environmental conditions rarely occur. In case of high incidence years, use fungicides such as metribuzin and carbendazim to prevent and control.

Pests to underground pests, cane borers and aphids mainly, available furadan, methomyl (root) fenitrothion (spraying or other biological pesticides in addition to treatment. Prohibit the use of high-residue highly toxic pesticides spraying stalks and leaves.

6, timely delayed harvest

After the Autumn Festival, the northern climate gradually turned to daytime heat, cool at night, day and night temperature difference in a specific environment, the most suitable for sugarcane accumulation of sugar, stripping the bottom of the withered and yellowed old leaves, according to the moisture content of the watering or not watering, try to prolong the growing period to the winter festival before and after. Cut and harvest when the daily minimum temperature is 4~5℃. This is also an effective way to achieve high yield and high sugar.