Modern medicine has proven that after a normal person eats, as blood sugar rises, insulin secretion also increases, thereby lowering blood sugar and maintaining it within the normal range. Therefore, diabetes will not occur. In diabetic patients, due to hypofunction of the pancreatic islets, insulin secretion is absolutely or relatively insufficient. Insulin cannot increase with the increase in blood sugar after eating, and cannot effectively lower blood sugar, so blood sugar exceeds the normal range. At this time, if you continue to eat like normal people without dietary control, or even overeat, your blood sugar will rise too high, and it will have an adverse effect on the pancreatic islet tissue that is already undersecreting, causing the pancreatic islet function to further decline, and insulin levels will decline. The secretion is further reduced, thereby further aggravating the condition. Therefore, people with diabetes should have reasonable dietary control. Diet therapy is the basis for the treatment of various types of diabetes and is one of the most fundamental treatments for diabetes. Regardless of the type of diabetes, the severity of the condition or the presence of complications, or whether it is treated with insulin or oral hypoglycemic drugs, dietary control should be strictly carried out and maintained for a long time. For obese patients with type II diabetes or elderly patients with mild cases, dietary therapy can be used as the main treatment method, and appropriate combination with oral hypoglycemic drugs can achieve the purpose of effectively controlling the disease. For type 1 diabetes and severe cases, allergy should be treated with insulin and other drugs and active diet control can effectively control blood sugar and prevent the condition from worsening. Therefore, dietary therapy is the basic therapy for diabetes and must be strictly followed. 1. Purpose of dietary treatment (1) Reduce the burden on pancreatic islets, bring blood sugar and blood lipids to or close to normal values, and prevent or delay the occurrence and development of cardiovascular and other complications. (2) Maintain health so that adults can engage in various normal activities and children can grow and develop normally. (3) Maintain normal weight. Obese people reduce energy intake and can improve receptor sensitivity to insulin. Those who are emaciated can gain weight to enhance their resistance to infection. 2. Key points in the application of dietary therapy (1) Dietary therapy is the basic therapy for the treatment of diabetes and is the prerequisite for all treatment methods. It is suitable for patients with all types of diabetes. Mild cases can achieve good results by focusing on dietary therapy. Moderate and severe cases must also rationally apply physical therapy and drug therapy on the basis of dietary therapy. Only if the diet is well controlled can oral hypoglycemic drugs or pancreatic islets be effective. Otherwise, it will be difficult to achieve good clinical results by blindly relying on so-called new and good medicines and ignoring dietary therapy. (2) Diet therapy should be adjusted at any time and flexibly controlled according to the condition. Weight loss patients can relax appropriately to ensure total calories. Obese patients must strictly control their diet, focus on low-calorie fat diet, and lose weight. For those treated with insulin, attention should be paid to adding meals at 9 to 10 a.m., 3 to 4 p.m., or before going to bed, as appropriate, to prevent hypoglycemia. When doing physical labor or doing a lot of activities, you should also pay attention to increasing the amount of staple food or snacks. (3) Diet therapy should be scientific and reasonable, and should not be too much or too little. That is to say, it cannot be subjective and voluntary, nor can it be too restrictive. Don't dare to eat any carbohydrates. On the contrary, it will aggravate the condition and even cause ketosis. You should make strict calculations based on your condition, weight, and height, and arrange your diet scientifically and rationally while controlling the total calories, so as to meet the minimum needs of the human body and control the total calories. (4) Arrange staple food and non-staple food scientifically. Do not only pay attention to staple food and despise non-staple food. Although staple food is the main source of blood sugar and should be controlled, some of the protein and fat in non-staple food can still turn into blood sugar and become the source of blood sugar when entering the body. 58% and 10% of protein and fat are converted into glucose respectively during metabolism. Excessive amounts of these non-staple foods can also cause weight gain, which is detrimental to the condition. Therefore, in addition to reasonable control of staple foods, non-staple foods should also be properly matched, otherwise the expected results will not be achieved. (5) Choosing foods suitable for diabetic patients is also very important for the control of diabetes. The following two points should be noted: ① Foods that should not be eaten include: Ⅰ. Foods that tend to raise blood sugar quickly: white sugar, brown sugar, rock sugar, glucose, maltose, honey, chocolate, toffee, fruit candy, candied fruit, canned fruit, soda, juice, sweet drinks, jam, ice cream, sweet cookies, cakes, Sweet bread and sugar pastries, etc. Ⅱ. Foods that easily increase blood lipids: beef tallow, mutton fat, lard, butter, butter, fatty meats. Special attention should be paid to foods rich in cholesterol and should be used less or less to prevent the occurrence of atherosclerotic heart disease. . Ⅲ. Not suitable for drinking alcohol.

Because the alcohol contained in wine does not contain other nutrients and only provides heat energy. Each gram of alcohol produces about 7 kcal (294 joules). Long-term drinking is not good for the liver and can easily cause the increase in serum triglycerides. A small number of patients who take sulfonylurea hypoglycemic drugs are prone to reactions such as palpitation, shortness of breath, and red and dry cheeks after drinking alcohol. Note that patients with insulin can easily cause hypoglycemia when drinking alcohol on an empty stomach. Therefore, for the safety of the patient, it is better not to drink alcohol. ② Suitable foods to eat: mainly foods that can delay the rise of blood sugar and blood lipids. Ⅰ. Soybeans and their products: In addition to being rich in protein, inorganic salts, and vitamins, soybean oil also contains more unsaturated fatty acids, which can not only lower blood cholesterol but also lower blood triglycerides. Sterols also have lipid-lowering effects. Ⅱ. Coarse sugar: such as oatmeal, buckwheat noodles, hot cereal, and cornmeal contain a variety of trace elements, vitamin B and dietary fiber. Experiments have shown that they can delay the rise in blood sugar. Corn flour, bean flour, and white flour can be used to make three-way steamed buns, pancakes, and noodles in a ratio of 2:2:1. If stopped for a long time, it will not only help lower blood sugar and fat, but also reduce hunger. (6) People with diabetes should eat less or no fruits. Because fruits contain more carbohydrates, mainly glucose, sucrose, and starch. The speed of digestion and absorption after eating can quickly lead to an increase in blood sugar, which is detrimental to diabetic patients. Therefore, diabetics generally should not eat more fruits. However, because fruits contain more pectin, which can delay glucose absorption, you can eat less fruit when your condition is stable. When eating fruits, choose fruits with low sugar content. At the same time, its heat energy must be calculated based on its sugar content. Convert to staple food, reduce or subtract the amount of staple food to keep the total calories unchanged. It is not advisable to eat fruit with every meal. It is generally considered more appropriate to take a small amount between meals (when blood sugar drops). Check the nutritional composition table and choose accordingly according to your condition. (7) Diabetic patients should also limit the cholesterol content in their diet. When the condition of diabetic patients is not well controlled, serum cholesterol may easily rise, leading to diabetic vascular complications, coronary heart disease, etc. Therefore, diabetic patients should limit the intake of cholesterol in their diet. It is generally recommended that the cholesterol limit be less than 300 mg per day. Therefore, fat meat and animal offal, such as heart, liver, kidney, brain, etc., should be used less or less in clinical practice because these foods are rich in cholesterol. Instead, eat more lean meat, fish and shrimp, which are high-protein and low-fat foods. Strictly controlling diet is a prerequisite and the most important part of treating diabetes. Doctors have found in clinical practice that patients often fail to have the desired effect of medications because of poor diet control. The principles of diet control are as follows: 1. Break the misconception that "taking more hypoglycemic drugs can lead to eating more". 2. Eat smaller meals more frequently. It not only ensures the supply of calories and nutrients, but also avoids blood sugar peaks after meals. 3. Carbohydrate foods must be eaten as prescribed, neither less nor more, but evenly (carbohydrates refer to sugar in grains, vegetables, milk, fruits, soy products, and hard fruits). 4. There is no difference between eating sweet snacks and salty snacks, both will cause blood sugar to rise. 5. The amount of "diabetic food" eaten should be equal to the amount of ordinary food. "Diabetes food" refers to foods made with high dietary fiber grains, such as buckwheat and oats. Although these foods take longer to digest and absorb, they eventually turn into glucose. 6. The so-called "sugar-free foods" are essentially foods without added sucrose. Some foods use sweeteners instead of sucrose, but they still cannot be eaten casually. 7. Vegetables with starch as the main component should be included in the amount of staple food. These vegetables include potatoes, sweet potatoes, lotus roots, yams, water chestnuts, taro, lilies, water chestnuts, arrowheads, etc. 8. Beans other than soybeans, such as red beans, mung beans, broad beans, kidney beans, and peas, are also mainly composed of starch, so they should also be counted as staple food. 9. Eat non-staple food in moderation. 10. Do not eat peanuts, melon seeds, walnuts, almonds, pine nuts and other hard fruit foods to satisfy your hunger. 11. Eat more foods containing dietary fiber. 12. Eat less salt. 13. Eat less cholesterol-containing foods. 14. Regarding the issue of eating fruits. Patients with good blood sugar control can eat fruits with low sugar content, such as apples, pears, oranges, oranges, strawberries, etc., but the amount should not be large. The time to eat fruit should be between meals when blood sugar is low. If you eat fruit afterwards, it is equivalent to a snack, and your blood sugar will immediately rise. In addition, after eating watermelon, the sugar is absorbed quickly, so try not to eat it. Bananas have a high starch content and should be considered a staple food. 15. Sweeteners will not be converted into glucose, will not affect changes in blood sugar, and cannot be used as a self-help food for hypoglycemia. 16. People with diabetes should never limit drinking water.

Traditional Chinese medicine prescription 1: 30 grams of raw gypsum, 10 grams of skullcap, 15 grams each of Digupi and Anemarrhena, 20 grams each of Asparagus, Ophiopogon japonicus, Trichosanthes, and Japonica rice, 8 grams of raw licorice. Usage: decoction in water, 1 serving per day agent. Indications: Prescription 2 for diabetes syndrome caused by dry heat and lung injury: 20 grams each of Rehmannia glutinosa and Chinese yam, 10 grams each of Schisandra chinensis, Ophiopogon japonicus, and Pueraria lobata, 12 grams each of clam powder and sea pumice, 15 grams of pollen, and 5 grams of Gallus gallus gallus domesticus. Usage: decoction in water Indications for taking: Diabetes with kidney yin deficiency and yang hyperactivity. Recipe 3: 30 grams of red bean and 40 grams of Chinese yam. 1 pig pancreas. Preparation and usage: decoction in water, 1 dose per day, until blood sugar level decreases. Indications: Diabetes Recipe 4: 50 grams of watermelon seeds, 30 grams of japonica rice. Preparation and usage: First mash the watermelon seeds and water, decoct in water to remove the residue and extract the juice, then add the rice to make porridge. Eat as much as you like. Indications: Diabetes with lung heat and body fluid injury. Recipe 5: 15 grams each of watermelon rind and winter melon rind, 12 grams of trichosanthin. Preparation and usage: decoct in water. 2 times a day, half a cup each time. Indications: Diabetic thirst and turbid urine. Recipe 6: 60-90 grams of raw Imperata cogongrass root. Usage: decoct in water. Instead of tea, take 1 dose per day for 10 days. Indications: Diabetes Prescription 7: Equal amounts of yam and trichosanthes. Preparation and usage: Decoction in water, 30 grams per day. Indications: Diabetes Recipe 8: 60 grams of mulberry mangosteen. Preparation and usage: Grind into powder and drink with boiling water, 6 grams each time, 3 times a day, until recovery is achieved. Indications: Diabetes with polyuria and thirst. Recipe 9: 30 grams each of arrowroot powder and trichosanthin, 1 pig pancreas. Preparation and usage: First slice the pig pancreas and boil it in water, mix the arrowroot powder and trichosanthin and swallow it, 1 dose per day, 3 times divided. Indications: Diabetes with polydipsia and polyphagia 10 prescriptions: 10 grams each of Anemarrhena, Ophiopogon japonicus, Codonopsis pilosula, 30 grams of Gypsum (decoction first), 12 grams of Radix Polyps, 18 grams of Raw Rehmannia. Usage: Decoction in water. Indications: Diabetes may damage the stomach. Jinzheng Prescription 11: 12 grams each of Rehmannia glutinosa and Lycium barbarum, 10 grams each of Asparagus, Golden Cherry, Mulberry and Asparagus, 15 grams each of Cornus and Gorgon, 30 grams of Chinese yam. Usage: decoction in water. Indications: diabetes. Prescription for Kidney Yin Deficiency Syndrome 12: 30 grams of sweet potato leaves. Usage: decoction in water. Indications: Diabetes Prescription 13: 10 grams of Acosta, 15 grams each of Angelica sinensis and Ligusticum chuanxiong, 30 grams each of Pueraria lobata, Salvia miltiorrhiza, Astragalus membranaceus, Motherwort, and Chinese yam, red peony root, 12 grams each of Atractylodes. Indications: Prescription for diabetes and blood stasis. 14 grams each of raw astragalus, Polygonatum, Radix Pseudostellariae, and Radix Rehmanniae, 6 grams Trichosanthin. Indications: Grind the seeds into powder. Take it with 14 grams of water 3 times a day. Indications: Diabetes with Qi and Yin deficiency. Recipe 15: Polygonatum, Salvia miltiorrhiza, Radix Rehmanniae, Radix Polygonatum, Ophiopogon japonicus, Pueraria lobata, Trichosanthes trichosanthes, Huangshi. Preparation and usage: Decoction in water, 1 dose per day. Indications: Diabetic nephropathy, liver and kidney qi and yin deficiency and stasis syndrome. Recipe 16: 50 grams of silkworm cocoon. Preparation and usage: Remove the silkworm chrysalis and boil it in water. Instead of tea, take 1 dose daily. Indications: Diabetes makes people thirsty and drink more, and the urine sugar does not drop. Recipe 17: 1 pig pancreas. Preparation and usage: dry at low temperature to make powder, and refine the honey into pills. Take 15 grams with boiled water each time and take it regularly. Indications: Diabetes Prescription 18: 15 grams each of Asparagus, Ophiopogon japonicus, Rehmannia glutinosa, and red peony root, 10 grams each of Scutellaria baicalensis and rhubarb (lower back), 6 grams Coptis chinensis, 12 grams paeonol bark, 30 grams Radix ginseng, and 60 grams corn silk. Usage : Decoction in water Indications: Prescription for diabetic stomach heat syndrome 19 yam 25 grams, Coptis chinensis 10 grams Usage: Decoction in water Indications: diabetes thirst, polyuria, hunger prescription 20 Laosong tea 10 grams Usage: brew in boiling water . Instead of tea. Indications: Diabetes Prescription 21: 15 grams each of Rehmannia glutinosa and Astragalus membranaceus, 10 grams each of potato meat, psoralen, and Schisandra chinensis, 12 grams each of Radix Polygonatum, Chinese yam, and Salvia miltiorrhiza, 6 grams of Atractylodes rhizome, and 3 grams of cinnamon. Usage: Decoction in water. Indications: Diabetes prescription for yin and yang deficiency syndrome 22: 40-100 grams of Atractylodes macrocephala, 15-20 grams of Citrus aurantium, 20-30 grams each of Pinellia pinellia, Trigonella striata, Curcuma and Pueraria lobata, 15 grams of Agarwood, 2-3 grams of Zhicheqian. Usage: water Decoct and take. For patients with Qi deficiency, add Codonopsis pilosula and Astragalus membranaceus; for liver stagnation, add Turmeric and Artemisia; for premature aging, add Ligustrum lucidum, wolfberry, and cornus. Indications: Diabetes Recipe 23: 1 fresh pig pancreas, 50 grams of coix seed or 100 grams of astragalus. Preparation and usage: Rinse the pig pancreas with clean water, cut into several slices, put it into a bowl with coix seed, and cover with water.

Stew in an iron pot over water, add appropriate amount of salt and adjust. Indications: Diabetes Recipe 24: 500 grams each of fresh celery and green radish, 1000 grams of winter melon, 120 grams of mung beans, and 2 pears. Instructions: First add a little water to the celery and winter melon. Boil it, wrap it with white gauze to get the juice, mix it with mung beans, pears and green radish, cook it and drink it. Indications: Diabetes Prescription 25: 10 grams each of Cnidium monnieri, lotus seed bark, dogwood, and white fresh bark, 30 grams each of Aizhiren, mulberry, roasted astragalus, yam, and silverweed vine, 15 grams of white Poria, gallnut, gallinaceae (ground 6 grams each, 3 grams of Panax notoginseng powder (take with a shake) Instructions for use: decoction in water Indications: Diabetes Kidney Yin Deficiency Syndrome Recipe 26: 15 grams of Codonopsis pilosula, 30 grams of Salvia miltiorrhiza, 10 grams each of Radix Radix ginseng and Adenophora adenophora, Yu. 12 grams of bamboo, 30 pieces of black plum. Usage: decoct in water and take. For severe thirst, add Trichosanthes powder; for loose stools, add Hawthorn. Indications: Diabetes Prescription 27: 30 grams each of Atractylodes, Radix Polygonatum, and Raw Astragalus; 10 grams each of Chinese Yam, Rehmannia Rehmanniae, Rehmannia Rehmanniae, Codonopsis Root, Ophiopogon japonicus, Schisandra chinensis, Galla chinensis, Raw Keel, and Poria. Usage: Decoction in water. Indications: Diabetes Qi and Yin. Prescription for two injuries with blood stasis syndrome 28. Dried purslane 100 grams. Usage: decoct in water and take. Take 1 dose per day, and urine glucose levels will usually turn negative after taking it for 1-2 weeks. Indications: Diabetes Recipe 29: 10 loaches, 3 dried lotus leaves. Preparation and usage: Dry the loach in the shade and grind into powder, and mix with the lotus leaves. Take 10 grams each time, 3 times a day. ●Detailed condition and purpose of consultation: What fruits are suitable for diabetics? What kind of fruits are suitable for diabetics in their lives? Will the sugar in fruits affect the body? Also, I would like to ask, what should diabetics pay attention to in their diet and daily life? Is there any simple and practical dietary therapy method to treat the disease? Hello, diabetes is a common disease among middle-aged and elderly people. If it is not well controlled, it can cause some complications. Treatment methods commonly include a combination of diet, exercise, and medication, of which diet therapy is the basis of all therapies. For mild diabetes, the condition can be controlled with dietary therapy alone. The basic principle of dietary therapy is to estimate the total calorie needs based on the patient's weight and activity level, and reasonably arrange the daily diet. Avoid foods with high sugar content, eat less foods with fat and starch, and mainly eat vegetables and grains, along with a certain amount of high-quality protein foods such as lean meat, milk, eggs, soy products, etc. Fruits contain sugar, so can you eat fruits? It is not appropriate to avoid fruits completely, because fruits contain a lot of vitamins, fiber and minerals, which are beneficial to people with diabetes. The sugars contained in fruits include glucose, fructose and sucrose. Fructose does not require the participation of insulin during metabolism. Therefore, people with diabetes do not always reject fruits after their blood sugar is under control. Furthermore, the sugar content in fruits varies, so they cannot be treated equally. Foods with an amount of less than 10 grams per 100 grams include green plums, watermelons, melons, coconut milk, oranges, lemons, grapes, peaches, plums, apricots, loquats, pineapples, strawberries, sugar cane, coconuts, cherries, olives, etc. People with diabetes can Select. Fruits with a sugar content of 11-20 grams include bananas, pomegranates, grapefruits, oranges, apples, pears, lychees, mangoes, etc., so you must choose carefully; fruits with a sugar content of more than 20 grams include dates and red fruits, especially dried dates, candied dates, and persimmons. , raisins, dried apricots, longan, etc., which contain very high sugar content, are taboo to eat. Many vegetables can be eaten as fruits, such as tomatoes, cucumbers, melons, etc. The sugar content of food per 100 grams is less than 5 grams, and it is rich in vitamins. It can completely replace fruits. It is suitable for people with diabetes and can be promoted. In addition, it is necessary to match the food intake and not be rigid. Watermelon contains 4% sugar, pears 12% and bananas 20%. Although watermelon contains little sugar, eating 500 grams is equivalent to 100 grams of bananas and 170 grams of pears, so don’t eat too much. You should also pay attention to the way you eat fruits. Don't eat them immediately after a meal. You can eat them between meals or before going to bed. It is best to eat on a trial basis, that is, test your urine sugar 2 hours after eating. If urine sugar increases, the amount needs to be reduced; if urine sugar is still high after reducing fruit, the amount of staple food should be appropriately reduced. Precautions for diabetic diet: 1. The staple food of diabetic patients is generally rice and flour. However, coarse grains, such as oats, oatmeal, cornmeal, etc., contain more inorganic salts, vitamins, and are rich in dietary fiber. It has the effect of reducing blood sugar and is beneficial to controlling blood sugar. 2. Soybeans and their soy products are a good source of protein for diabetic patients. On the one hand, the protein they contain is high in quality; on the other hand, it does not contain cholesterol and has a lipid-lowering effect, so it can replace some animal foods. Such as meat, etc.

3. When diabetic patients still feel hungry during the period of calorie control, they can eat vegetables with low sugar content, boil them in water, add some condiments and mix them before eating. Because vegetables contain a lot of dietary fiber and water, have low heat energy and have a satiety effect, they are an essential food for diabetic patients. 4. Prohibited foods include: white sugar, red sugar, glucose and sugar sweets, such as candies, pastries, jams, preserves, ice cream, sweet drinks, etc. In addition, potatoes, yams, taro, lotus roots, garlic sprouts, carrots, etc. that contain more carbohydrates should be used sparingly or the corresponding amount of staple food should be reduced after consumption. 5. Use lard, butter, foreign oil, cream, butter, etc. that are rich in saturated fatty acids sparingly and preferably not at all. Vegetable oil can be used to replace some animal oils. Peanuts, walnuts, sesame seeds, and melon seeds also contain a lot of fat. Try not to eat them or eat less or reduce your oil intake. 6. Egg yolks and animal offal such as liver, brain, waist, etc. contain very high cholesterol and should be used as little or as little as possible. 7. Fruits contain glucose and fructose, which can increase blood sugar. Therefore, when blood and urine sugar are controlled relatively stably, fasting blood sugar