The revival of the old garden
1, cut down miscellaneous trees, cut down miscellaneous trees in the bamboo forest, enhance the light and promote the healthy growth of bamboo.
2. Remove diseased bamboo, bamboo infected with stem rust and other diseases, and eliminate the source of infection.
3. Structure of bamboo forest: The average DBH of bamboo forest is 3-4 cm, and the upright degree of bamboo is about 800- 1000 plants/mu. Generally, 1 ~ 2-year-old bamboos can be retained, and 3-year-old bamboos with good growth and moderate density can be retained.
4. Dig deep into the non-perishable bamboo baskets and old bamboo whips (dark brown and black) in the whole garden to reduce the age of bamboo whips, promote the growth of bamboo shoots, loosen the soil and increase the emergence space of new whips. Generally, the depth is about 30 cm.
5. Reasonable fertilization amount: The annual fertilization amount per mu can be controlled at 5000-6000 kg of organic fertilizer, urea 1 10 kg of compound fertilizer 100 kg. In September, apply human excrement and urine 1000 kg or compound fertilizer 50 kg per mu; From June 1 1 to February 1, the fertilization for pregnant bamboo shoots is 4000 kg per mu.
6. Drainage system Bamboo is afraid of water accumulation, so it is necessary to improve the drainage system of bamboo garden in time. For the uneven terrain caused by borrowing soil and other reasons, it should be leveled properly and the drainage ditch should be dug.
Mobile bamboo for gardening
1. Sandy loam is the most suitable land for afforestation, with high terrain, groundwater level greater than 70 cm and soil thickness greater than 50 cm.
2. Except for cold and freezing weather, the bamboo transportation time is from 165438+ 10 to February of the following year.
3. The best way to convert bamboo is to convert bamboo to afforestation. The optimum age of mother bamboo is 1 ~ 2 years, and the rhizosphere diameter is 1 ~ 3 cm. When digging mother bamboo, leave a whip of about 30 cm and a whip of about 40-50 cm. Generally, 2-4 adjacent mother bamboos are dug into clumps, and the residual bamboos are mostly covered with old soil and wrapped with straw ropes. Dig out the mother bamboo, leaving 4-5 branches and cutting off the top. The planting density of mother bamboo is 70-90 plants/mu. When planting, the surface soil should be filled first, and then the core soil should be filled. The coverage depth is 3-5cm deeper than the original bamboo. Generally, bamboo gardens can be formed in the third year after afforestation, and bamboo shoots can be produced.
High-yield measures
1, bamboo structure Bamboo structure includes aboveground structure and underground structure. Reasonable bamboo structure is the basis of high yield of bamboo forest. The aboveground structure of bamboo forest is mainly composed of bamboo standing degree, average DBH and age. The average DBH of bamboo forest should be 3-4cm, and the degree of bamboo standing should be about 800 plants per mu. The age composition of 1 year bamboo, 2-year bamboo, 3-year bamboo and 4-year bamboo accounts for 30%, 30%, 30% and 10% respectively. The adjustment of underground structure of bamboo forest is mainly combined with loosening soil from May to June, and removing 5-year-old bamboo roots (dark brown and black) to shorten the age of bamboo roots and promote the growth of bamboo shoots.
2. Bamboo garden management includes weeding, deep ploughing, fertilization and water management. Weeding can be divided into three times a year, from February to March, from May to June and from August to September. Carry out deep ploughing once a year, and the depth of deep ploughing is about 30 cm. If conditions permit, we can start from1October165438+February 65438, and add 3-5 cm of foreign land every year. Bamboo likes wet soil. The key points of irrigation are 1 1 ~ 12 water in winter and booting stage, water before bamboo shoots in February and March, and 8 ~ 10 water for accelerating germination. Can cooperate with fertilization and watering. Rational fertilization is an important measure for high yield of bamboo shoots. Fertilization amount: the annual fertilization amount per mu can be controlled at 5000-6000 kg of organic fertilizer, urea 1 100 kg, compound fertilizer 100 kg, and the ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is 5: 1:2. At the beginning of heading, chemical fertilizer was applied before heading, and 60kg 10% urea was applied per mu. After the new bamboo leaves are unfolded, topdressing is applied after the bamboo shoots, and manure 1000 kg and 50 kg of urea are applied per mu; In September, apply human manure 1000 kg or compound fertilizer1000 kg per mu; From June 1 1 to February 1, the fertilization of pregnant bamboo shoots is 4000 kg per mu. The fertilizer before and after the stem should be sowed deeply. Fertilization at booting stage can be spread on the surface together with exotic soil.
3. The best storage period of bamboo shoots is the later period of the peak growth period of bamboo shoots. The actual number of bamboo shoots should be about 10% more than that required for bamboo structures. The best time to dig bamboo shoots is from the ground 10-20cm.
4. Early bamboo shoots can be produced by mulching. The specific method is to fertilize and water the pregnant shoots in June 11-February1,cover them with straw and chaff, and cover the top with chaff and straw powder. The thickness is about 30 cm. Through covering treatment, new buds can germinate 40-60 days in advance, and new buds can be extended for 40-50 days. It should be noted that it is strictly forbidden to cover the old bamboo garden in the first five years, and the coverage frequency of the same woodland shall not exceed two years.
Prevention and control of bamboo stalk rust
1, bamboo stem rust is also called bamboo bed disease. After the bamboo pole is damaged, the material becomes black and brittle, which affects its technical value. Bamboo forest diseases are serious, the growth is declining, the bamboo shoots are reduced, and bamboo is severely withered. Most diseases occur in the middle and lower parts of culms or bases, and sometimes on shoots. From June to July, brown or dark brown powder pads were formed in the injured area, which were oval or long. From 1 1 to the following spring, it produced orange-brown, velvet-like, compact, difficult to separate and leather mats. After the brown mat falls off, the diseased part of the bamboo stem turns dark brown. Pathogens spread with the wind through spores. Bamboo forests are densely grown and poorly managed, which are prone to bamboo rust. The disease occurred on bamboo for more than 2 years, and no disease was found on bamboo in that year.
2, prevention and control methods: strengthen management, reasonable logging, do not make the bamboo forest too dense, reduce the chance of disease. In order to avoid the spread of diseases, diseased bamboos should be cut down and burned as soon as possible. Spray 0.5 ~ 1 degree stone sulfur mixture or aminobenzenesulfonic acid every 7 days for 3 times continuously. In June and June, spray 10, 1 degree sulfur mixture or 100 ~ 150 times sodium dichloride in the bamboo forest. 25% carbendazim WP 500 times, 50% Yu Tu Junte WP 1000 times, spraying 2-3 times every 10 day.