Potato is also known as potato, potato, potato head, sweet potato, potato, etc. There are many varieties of potato, including about six varieties, namely: ① yellow Ma Ling potato; ② White Ma Ling potato; ③ Red potato; (4) brown potato; ⑤ Black potato; 6 colored potatoes.

Potato is native to the Andes in South America, and has a long cultivation history. Up to now, many excellent varieties have been cultivated, and the common varieties are mainly divided into these categories.

Yellow Ma Ling potato is the most common variety in the vegetable market, which is available all year round. It is an ideal choice for French fries. These brown potatoes have white pulp and high starch content.

white potato is a kind of common potato with moderate starch content, which can be eaten all year round. The tuber has low starch content, so it is suitable for potato salad, boiling, steaming, frying, baking, baking potato slices, soup and chowder.

Red potato has a special color, ranging from pink to purple. It is rich in various trace elements, especially starch and anthocyanins, and is nutritious. Compared with ordinary potatoes, it tastes more waxy, smooth and sticky, so it is most suitable for mashed potatoes and French fries.

yellow-brown potato is one of the most popular yellow-brown potatoes, which can be bought in the vegetable market almost all year round. This multi-purpose potato has a dense texture and is an ideal material for mashing and making soups and chowder.

The black potato has a long oval shape with smaller bud eyes. The peel is dark purple, black and shiny. The pulp is dark purple with attractive color, high starch content and good taste.

One of the most distinctive features of colored potatoes is that one potato can be planted, but it can produce potatoes of various colors, such as purple, red, black and blue, so it is often developed as a special food. Which one is the best?

white potatoes are easy to grow, and the yield is relatively high. For example, "Zaodabai" in white potatoes is a very early-maturing variety, and its growth days are 6-65 days. Tubers are oval, with white skin and white meat, smooth skin and good-looking potato pieces. Concentrated potato production, the rate of large and medium-sized potatoes (commodity rate) is as high as over 9%. Good quality and palatability. How to plant it?

① Soil preparation and fertilization

It is appropriate to choose a sandy loam plot with sparse potato pine, convenient irrigation and drainage, rich in organic matter, flat terrain, thick tillage layer and fertile soil. After harvesting the previous crop, soil preparation should be combined with fertilization before planting, and balanced fertilization can be adopted. Every 667 square meters, 2 kilograms of plant ash, 6 kilograms of ammonium bicarbonate and 1,5 to 2,5 kilograms of farm manure should be applied.

② Seed selection treatment

High-yield virus-free potatoes with complete potato pieces, no frostbite, no pests and diseases, shallow buds and smooth potato skin are selected as seed potatoes, such as Kexin No.1, Feiwuruita, Dongnong 33, Zaodabai, Eugene and Kexin No.6. Prepare two knives to cut potatoes in exchange, put the unused knife in potassium permanganate solution for disinfection, cut the seed potato into pieces 3-5 days before sowing until each potato piece weighs 35-5g and has 1-2 robust buds. After cutting, mix the potato pieces, talcum powder and thiophanate methyl at a ratio of 1:1:.1, and place it in a well-ventilated place to wait for the incision to heal.

③ Accelerating germination

After seed potatoes are spread and cooled for 1-2 days, they are soaked in 1-2 units of humin for 1 minutes, then they are fished up and buried in a wet sand bed, and covered with a film for accelerating germination, which can effectively break the dormancy state of seed potatoes, make them emerge quickly and orderly, and also reduce the rot of seed potatoes in soil.

④ Sowing

When the average daily temperature is 15-25℃ or the temperature is higher than 1℃ in the soil layer with a height of 1 cm for more than 3 days, the planting density is reasonably arranged according to the fertility and potato varieties. Under general cultivation conditions, there are about 6, potatoes per mu or 12-15 kilograms of seeds per mu.

⑤ water management

after sowing, irrigate in time when the weather is dry, keep the soil in a moist state, and ensure that seedling emergence, tree emergence, bud emergence and full flowering are the key periods, appropriately increase the amount of watering to ensure sufficient soil water, and pay attention to replenishing water when the stem and leaf stop growing, so as to avoid late ripening of potatoes or reducing yield.

⑥ disease control

In the process of potato cultivation, the occurrence of diseases will reduce the yield and affect the quality of potatoes. There are aphids and cabbage worms on the ground, which can be controlled by high-efficiency imidacloprid solution, and underground pests such as cutworms and needle flies can be controlled by spraying trichlorfon powder during the potato growth period.

⑦ Harvesting

When the stems and leaves of potatoes turn yellow and wither gradually, the potatoes are fully mature, so harvesting can be carried out on sunny days when the soil is dry.