From compendium of materia medica.
1. "Compendium of Materia Medica": Rhizoma Drynariae, whose real name is Monkey Ginger, was named because of its main injury and broken bones. Or make bones and rags, which is wrong. Jiangxi people call it Hu Jiang, which is also pictographic. Lingnan Qian, Jizhou also has it. Leaves are like pyrrosia, but one leaf is born in wood.
2. "Rihuazi Materia Medica": Monkey ginger is a parasitic grass on the tree, and the seedlings are like ginger and slender.
3. "Kaibao Materia Medica": Rhizoma Drynariae, born in Jiangnan. Rooted on trees and stones, there are hairs and leaves like temples.
4. "Materia Medica": Rhizoma Drynariae is also found in Huai, Zhejiang, Shaanxi, Kui and Luzhou counties. Rooted big wood
Pinyin name Gǔ Sui Bǔ
Alias monkey ginger, lynx ginger, Stonefur ginger, Shi 'an (? ), Dioscorea nipponica, Rhizoma Alpiniae officinarum, Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens, Rhizoma Dryopteris, Scolopendra, Scolopendra, Parthenocissus tricuspidata, Parthenocissus tricuspidata, Parthenocissus tricuspidata, Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens, Rhizoma Lithospermi, Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens, Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens and Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens.
source
The source of medicinal materials: the rhizome of Quercus variabilis, Quercus qinlingensis, Quercus glabra and Pteris glabra.
Latin plant and animal mineral name:1.Drynaria fortunei (kunze) j.smith [polypadium fortunei kunze] 2. Drynaria baroni ii (Christ) dies [polypodium baroni chirst; Drynaria sinica Diels]3.Drynaria propinqua (Wall.)J. Smith[Poly-podium propinquum Wall.]4.Pseudodrynaria coronans(Wall.)Ching[Poly-podium coronans Wall.]
Harvesting and storage: All the year round, you can dig, remove sediment, dry or burn off hairy scales.
Original form
1. Plant height is 25-40cm. Rhizomes are transverse, thick and fleshy, densely covered with scales, and have green hairs. Leaf type 2; The vegetative leaves of the mistletoe are gray-brown, oval, sessile, dry, 5-7cm long and 3.5cm wide, with heart-shaped base, sparse short hairs on the back and shallow cracks on the edge; Spore leaves are tall, papery, green, hairless, oblong, and 14- 18cm wide, which narrows to the base and becomes wavy, extending downward into a short stalk with wings, and deeply feathered above the middle; Lobes 7- 13 pairs, slightly inclined, 7- 10cm long and 2-3cm wide, short pointed, with inconspicuous sparse teeth at the edge; Reticular veins, obvious on both sides. The sporangium group is round and inserted at the intersection of the hidden venules. Arranged in 2-3 rows along both sides of the midvein; No indusium.
2. The height of the plant is 20-50cm. Rhizomes are transverse, fleshy, about 1cm thick, densely covered with reddish-brown and lanceolate scales. Leaf type 2; There are sparse and short hairs along the leaf axis and veins, and the vegetative leaves are sparse, oblong and lanceolate, and deeply feathered; Spore leaves have narrow-winged stalks and joints at the base; The leaves are broadly lanceolate, 20-40cm long, 5- 10cm wide in the middle, deeply pinnatifid up to the leaf axis, and both sides are covered with white short hairs along the vein and leaf axis; Lobes 20-30 pairs; 5- 15mm wide, blunt and pointed, with notched teeth at the edge; The veins are obvious. The sporangium group is round and inserted at the intersection of the hidden venules. 1 row on both sides of midvein; No indusium.
3. The plant is as high as 60cm. The rhizome is fleshy, transverse and covered with opaque brown lanceolate scales. Leaf type II, glabrous; The vegetative leaves are broadly ovoid, with a length of 8- 15cm and a width of 5- 10cm, with shallow to deep feathering; The petiole of spore leaves is 8-20cm long, and the base is attached to the rhizome with joints; Leaf blade is 25-45cm long, oblong or oblong-ovate with a short tapering apex and a base width of 20-30cm.
Pinnately parted to leaf axis; Lobes are lanceolate, alternate, smooth on both sides, slightly thickened at the edge, and sparsely notched; Reticular veins are obvious. Sporangium-free cover
4. The plant height is 80- 140cm. Rhizomes thick, densely covered with brown long linear scales. Leaf type 1, the cluster generates a round hollow high cluster; The leaf is 80- 140cm long, with a sharp apex and a tapering below the middle, but it gradually widens near the base and is heart-shaped, deeply pinnatifid above the middle, and gradually splits downward, with smooth and hairless sides and the whole margin; Veins are reticulate, both sides are obvious, and there are single or bifurcated venules in the mesh. Sporocysts are inserted at the intersection of venules, with 1 row between each pair of lateral venules, which are round or usually elongated in the third cycle of bathing, and are broken when mature. Spores are oval, with small spines or tubercles on the spore wall, without indusium.
Habitat distribution
Ecological environment: 1. It is epiphytic on the rocks or tree trunks in the forest at an altitude of 200-1800 m..
2. Epiphytic on the forest edge stones or among the rocks in the valley at an altitude of 900-2800m m..
3. Epiphytic on the trunk or rock in the forest at an altitude of 500-2400m m..
4. Epiphytic on the trunk or rock in the forest at an altitude of1000-1900 m..
Distribution of resources: 1. It is distributed in the southwest and Zhejiang, Jiangxi, Fujian, Hubei, Hunan, Guangdong, Guangxi and other places.
2. Distributed in Southwest China, Shanxi, Shaanxi, Gansu, Qinghai and Ningxia.
3. Distributed in Southwest China and Guangxi.
4. Distributed in South China, Southwest China, Fujian, Taiwan Province and other places.
character
Character identification 1. The rhizome is strip-shaped, block-shaped or sheet-shaped, with irregular back and abdomen, and it is often pinched and branched on both sides, with a length of 3-20cm and a width of 0.7- 1.5cm. The surface is densely covered with brown or reddish-brown fine scales, and those close to it are membranous shields; Straight extension is needle-shaped, with sharp apex and fringe (eyelash), and it is dense at the base of the middle stalk and the tender end of the rhizome. The place where the scales fall off is brown, with fine longitudinal texture and furrow ridges. There are petiole marks above, longitudinal ridges and fine root marks below. Hard, reddish brown in cross section, with white split columns arranged in oblate circles. It is fragrant, slightly sweet and astringent.
2. The rhizome is a cylindrical strip with a slightly flat dorsal surface, with a length of 3-8cm and a width of 0.6-1cm; Scales are strip-shaped and lanceolate, and the dehydrated parts of scales are grayish brown with fine longitudinal texture. The section is brownish yellow and grayish white, and the dotted split columns are arranged in an oval shape. The smell is fragrant and the taste is astringent.
3. The rhizome is oblate with a diameter of 0.5-1.2cm.. Scales are reddish brown, leathery, triangular, imbricate, and peltate near the base, clinging to the surface of rhizome. Brittle, with split columns arranged in an oval shape. Temperament, salty taste.
4. The rhizome is cylindrical, and the surface is densely covered with strip-shaped lanceolate and soft scales, with purple-brown scales falling off, longitudinal ridges of different sizes and fine textures. The cross section is brown, and the dotted split columns are arranged in a circular shape. The gas is extremely weak and the taste is astringent. It is better to have thick and brown strips.
Microscopically, the cross section of the rhizome (1) was oblong. Epidermal cells 1 row, with a slightly thicker outer wall; The scale base is located in the depression of epidermis, with 3-4 rows of cells; Wall thickness, containing red brown * * * element. The endodermis surrounds the divided stele, and the cells are extended in the nodal direction. 0/8-28 split columns/kloc-arranged in an oblate ring; The xylem tracheid is polygonal, with a diameter of 6-40μm, which is larger in the middle and gradually decreases towards both ends. The phloem is divided into two parts at both ends, and some cell walls in the inner phloem are thickened and filled with yellow-brown secretions.
(2) oval. Epidermal cells are irregularly arranged; Scales are attached to the epidermis, with 2 rows of cells and thin walls, containing brownish yellow pigment. The inner wall of epidermis and its lower 2-3 rows of cells, as well as the outer layer of endodermis 1 row of cells thickened. 0/8-25 split columns/kloc-arranged in a quasi-circular shape; Tracheid diameter10-26 μ m.
(3) There is a thick wax coating outside the epidermis, and there are 2-3 rows of cells in the scale base; The epidermis and its lower 3-5 rows of cells have slightly thickened walls, and the outer 1 row cells of the endodermis have horseshoe-shaped thickening, with obvious pits and laminae, and the cells contain xanthophyll. The split column is round and arranged in a ring; Tracheid diameter10-48 cm μ m.
(4) There is a thick wax coating outside the epidermis, and there are 2-3 rows of cells in the scale base. The thickness of outer cortex 1 column cells. Split columns are arranged in irregular 2-3 circles, with 28-35 in the center circle, round or oblong.
Physical and chemical identification TLC: Take 0.5g of this product powder, add 5ml of methanol for cold soaking overnight, filter, and use the filtrate as test solution; In addition, naringin was used as a reference substance, which was spotted on the same polyamide film, spread with benzene-methanol-butanone (3:1:1) and sprayed with 1% ferric chloride ethanol solution. In the chromatogram of the test sample, the same color spot appears in the corresponding position of the chromatogram of the control sample.
Chemical constituents: the rhizome of Quercus variabilis contains naringin.
2 1- hopene (hop-2 1-ene)
9( 1 1) fern [fern-9( 1 1)ene]
7- fern-7-ene
) 3- carene (filic-3-ene)
β-sitosterol (β-sitosterol)
Sting-masterol
Campesterol and tetracyclic triterpenoids: cycloardenyl acetate.
Cy-clomargenyl acetate
Cycloolaudenylacetaet; cycloolaudenylacetaet
nine
10- cyclic lanosterone -25- enol -3β- acetate (9,10-cycloanost-25-en-3β-ylacetate). The rhizome of Pteris asphodeloides contains 2 1- hopene, 13( 18) neohopene [neohop-13 (18)-ene].
9( 1 1)- fernene, β-sitosterol, stigmasterol, campesterol and tetracyclic triterpenoids: chrysospironol acetate, cyclostylenol acetate, cyclic opium steroenol acetate, 9, 10- cyclic lanosterone -25- enol-3.
pharmacological action
1. According to Zhou Tongshui of China Pharmaceutical University, the decoction of Quercus variabilis rhizome (20g/kg, 30g/kg) and naringin (equivalent to 20g/kg) can promote the healing of experimental bone injury in rats.
2. The decoction of Rhizoma Drynariae with 7.5-50g/kg is given orally, which has the compensatory proliferation effect on articular chondrocytes of experimental arthritis in rats, and can partially improve the degeneration of articular cartilage caused by the change of mechanical stress line, thus reducing the rate of osteoarthrosis.
3. Rhizoma Drynariae dihydroflavonoid glycosides can increase the beating frequency of neonatal rat cardiomyocytes cultured in vitro, make them contract strongly, and have pacing effect on cardiomyocytes, and its mechanism may be similar to a β -receptor agonist.
4. The decoction of Rhizoma Drynariae (100%)0.8ml/kg orally can obviously prevent the increase of serum cholesterol and triglyceride in experimental hyperlipidemia rabbits, and can also prevent the formation of atherosclerotic plaques on aortic wall.
5. The guinea pig experiment suggested that the combination of Rhizoma Drynariae decoction and kanamycin could reduce the toxic effect of kanamycin on cochlea, but it could not control the development of toxic deafness after drug withdrawal.
6. Rhizoma Drynariae decoction can inhibit the growth of staphylococcus in vitro.
7.5, 10, 25 and 50g/kg of Rhizoma Drynariae decoction can improve chondrocytes, delay cell degeneration and reduce the rate of osteoarthrosis in rats with osteoarthritis. With the increase of dosage, the effect increases, and the effect is better after two months of administration. The decoction of Rhizoma Drynariae 100g (crude drug) /kg/ day was taken orally 2 hours before kanamycin was given for 8 consecutive days, which could reduce the toxicity of kanamycin to cochlea, but could not control the development of toxic deafness after drug withdrawal.
Processing Rhizoma Drynariae: remove mud and sand impurities, wash, soak slightly, moisten thoroughly, slice and dry in the sun. Sand-scalding Rhizoma Drynariae: take sand and stir-fry in a pot, add the cleaned Rhizoma Drynariae, stir-fry until the hair is brown, take it out quickly, sieve to remove the sand, and remove the hair after cooling. "The Theory of Leigong's Baking": When bone fragments are made, they are scraped with a copper knife to remove all the yellow hair, then finely cut, moistened with honey, steamed in a willow retort for one day, and then used.
Bitter in nature; Sexual temperature
Meridian-entering liver; Kidney meridian
Function indication: tonifying kidney and strengthening bone; Promoting blood circulation and relieving pain. Indications for kidney deficiency and lumbago; Foot and knee weakness; Deafness; Toothache; Long-term discharge; Enuresis; Fractures from falls and alopecia areata.
Administration and dosage: decoction,10-20g; Or into the pill, scattered. External use: appropriate amount, mashed or dried and ground into powder; You can also soak it in wine.
pay attention to
People with yin deficiency and internal heat and no blood stasis should take it with caution.
1. Ben Cao Jing Shu should not be used with wind-drying drugs.
2. Materia Medica Huiyan, such as blood deficiency and wind dryness, blood deficiency with fire and blood deficiency with paralysis, is prohibited.
3. "Deserve Materia Medica" avoids mutton, sheep blood and mustard.
The attached prescription 1 can cure lumbago and foot pain: one or two parts of Rhizoma Drynariae, one and a half parts of Cinnamomum cassia, three parts of Achyranthes bidentata (seedling removal), two parts of Areca catechu, three parts of Psoralea corylifolia (slightly fried) and two parts of benzoin (mashed with walnut kernel). Dao Luo is the end, honey is refined into benzoin, and more than a hundred pestles are smashed, and the pills are as big as buttonwood. Every time before eating, drink 20 cups of warm wine.