Photo: Yushu potted plant
Here, Uncle Gardener will introduce you to the prevention and control methods and precautions of Yushu pests and diseases (with pictures of Yushu pests and diseases):
1, aphid
Aphids harm the delicate parts of Yushu plants. Sucking the sap of Yushu stems and branches will affect the normal growth of Yushu, and its secretions will easily attract ants and lead to other diseases. Once found, it should be prevented in time.
Figure: Aphids
Prevention and control methods: When the occurrence amount is small, brush it off with a brush dipped in water, or brush it off with a dilute aqueous solution of washing powder. Or put cloth strips or cotton balls soaked in dichlorvos solution on the soil surface of the basin, cover the plants with plastic film bags and seal them for 24 hours for fumigation.
In addition, spraying with "mosquito killer" or spraying with 600-800 times of essential balm can also kill aphids. You can also soak cigarette butts or cigarette powder in water, dilute it with filtrate and spray it, or mash it with 20g onion, add loooml water, soak it for 24 hours and then filter and spray it.
If the amount of aphids is large, the above methods are troublesome or cannot be used, and other drugs can be used for prevention and control. The specific method is as follows:
You can spray 40% omethoate EC 1000-2000 times, or 50% malathion EC 1000- 1500 times, or 80% dichlorvos EC l500 times, or 50% chlorfenapyr EC 1000 times. If the mixture of omethoate and dichlorvos is sprayed with l000 times of liquid, the control effect will be better.
You can also water the soil around the rhizosphere with 2000 times of 40% omethoate EC, and water 50- 100 ml per pot (pot diameter 15 cm), but not too much, so as not to cause phytotoxicity and defoliation.
Finally, we can dig 15% iron-out granules and bury them in the basin. Put 0.5- 1g in each pot (flowerpot diameter L5cm). Buried, covered and watered.
2. scale insects
Scale insects will suck the juice of Yushu, causing the leaves to turn yellow and fall leaves early, which will cause Yushu plants to wither and die seriously.
Figure: scale insects
Control measures: 40% omethoate emulsion 1000 times can be used for spraying, but sometimes the spraying effect of drugs is not very good because the scale insects are wrapped in shells. At this time, the infected plants can be wiped gently and repeatedly with alcohol, and the scale insects can be completely removed. If you wipe the diseased leaves of orchids with alcohol, you can not only remove scale insects, but also completely kill the larvae that are invisible to the naked eye. In the second year, the harm of scale insects was rarely found. This method is simple, safe and effective.
3. Soft brown scales
When the brown scale damages Yushu, it usually gathers on the leaves or tender leaves of Yushu, sucking plant juice and excreting mucus at the same time. Its excrement is easy to cause a large number of coal-contaminated bacteria to multiply, make the stems and leaves black, affect the photosynthesis of plants, cause weak growth and yellow leaves, which is not good for viewing. In severe cases, the branches and stems are covered with insects, which causes the plants to turn yellow and affects their growth.
Photo: Soft brown scales
Prevention and control methods: If you find that there are not many soft scale insects in Yushu, you can brush them off with a brush, scrape them off with bamboo pieces, or even wipe them off with burlap. Of course, we should pay attention to the timely treatment of brushed insects, and in addition, we can combine pruning appropriately, cut off the branches and leaves of insects, and then burn them centrally; If the above methods cannot be used in the peak period of incubation period, spray 95% oil emulsion 1 times every 7- 10 days for 3-4 times.
4. Rot
After Yushu rotted, brown soft rot occurred in the basal tissue, which gradually spread to the whole plant, often leading to plant death.
Photo: Soft rot of elm root
Prevention and control methods: potted Yushu should use sterilized soil, and fully decomposed organic fertilizer must be applied when fertilizing, otherwise it may cause rot. In addition, the rot of Yushu is mainly caused by stagnant water, so it is necessary to water it properly to avoid stagnant water in Yushu basin soil, keep the basin soil breathable and permeable, pull out seriously infected plants in time after the disease, and then apply medical "Dakening ointment" to the affected area.
5. Leaf spot disease
The disease occurs on the leaves of Yushu, which is easy to occur in wet weather. At first, the lesion was a small brown spot, surrounded by water, light green, wheel-shaped, round to oval, with brown and gray edges. In the late stage, dark brown mildew spots appeared in the center of the lesion, which turned into dark brown mildew spots under wet conditions.
Photo: Yushu leaf spot
Prevention and treatment methods: clean the diseased leaves in time; 0.5% ~ 1% bordeaux solution (or 50% carbendazim 1000 times solution) can be sprayed at the early or late stage of onset.
6. Anthrax
The disease also occurs on the leaves of Yushu, and can spread to the petiole in severe cases. At the initial stage of the lesion, it is a water-soaked macula, and after expansion, it is oval to irregular brown or yellowish brown with a slight wheel pattern. In the later stage, the lesion becomes dry and produces small black spots arranged in a wheel shape. This disease is mainly due to poor ventilation.
Photo: Anthracnose of Yushu
Prevention and control methods: strengthen maintenance and increase the application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer; 0.3% ~ 0.5% Bordeaux solution (or 60% zineb 800 ~ 900 times solution, or 70% Tobezin 1500 times solution) can be sprayed at the initial stage of the disease.
Tips The above are the most common pests and diseases in Yushu, and corresponding pictures of pests and diseases and control methods have been attached. I hope everyone can have a more direct and specific understanding of them. I wish you all potted Yushu as long as possible.