How do you plant a single head of garlic? As the garlic market continues to go down in recent years, many garlic farmers find another way to start planting a single head of garlic, in the eyes of ordinary growers, this single head of garlic is small, low yield, but why are there many garlic farmers scrambling to plant it? The original mystery lies in the high price of one-head garlic, and the growth cycle is only three months, popular with growers. So it has become a short, frequent, fast planting program.

But in the planting process, the unique head rate is low, the head is small has been plagued by garlic farmers friends, and even some of the growers of the unique head rate of only 70% or so, seriously affecting the planting efficiency of garlic farmers. Even if there are many years of garlic planting experience of garlic farmers, on how to improve the unique head rate and head small problem also can not do anything, then how can you grow a large head, a high rate of unique head of garlic? Today we will talk about the planting and management techniques of one-head garlic!

One-head garlic

Principle of the formation of one-head garlic

Generally, ordinary garlic is sown in the autumn after the overwintering and the spring of the low-temperature vernalization, and then in the spring, when the sunshine time is more than 13 hours, it will be differentiated into flower buds, and in the middle of the flower stalks, that is, the garlic shoots, a few pieces of the flower stalks near the At the base of a few leaves near the flower stem, bulb buds are formed, and when there is enough water and nutrients, these bulb buds develop into garlic cloves, forming cloves of garlic. If the water and fertilizer supply is insufficient during the growth process, even if the garlic seed completes the differentiation of the flower buds, the flower buds and the peripheral bulb buds will die. However, garlic has the characteristic of supplying nutrients to the center, so the innermost bulb buds are still able to grow and develop, thus forming a single head of garlic.

Scientific planting of one-head garlic

One, choose the garlic seed

Selecting the right seed is a major factor affecting the rate of one-head high or low. Different varieties, the growth cycle is not the same, the one-head rate of one-head garlic and whether the high yield is closely related to the following two aspects:

One is the one-head garlic seed selection should be suitable for local cultivation of early-maturing varieties, the more early-maturing varieties, the more likely to be in the weather before the completion of the growth of the development of the hot weather, which directly affects the final one-head garlic garlic head size. Try to choose the seed garlic growth cycle within 120 days, the shorter the growth period, the more time used by the one-head garlic from planting to maturity. Secondly, you should choose garlic heads that are moderately small and have many split cloves. From the formation mechanism of one-head garlic we know, in fact, one-head garlic is the use of inhibition of ordinary garlic bud differentiation to achieve, therefore, the less nutrients in the garlic seed, the higher the probability of forming one-head garlic.

One-head garlic planting

Two, one-head garlic sowing

One-head garlic prefers cool climate, intolerant of heat. Germination is suitable for temperatures between 20 ℃ ~ 25 ℃, more than 27 ℃ when the dormant does not germinate. When the temperature is lower than 15 ℃, although it can break the dormancy of the garlic bulb and promote germination, but the germination is slow. Garlic stems and leaves of the growth and development of the appropriate temperature stomach 15 ℃ ~ 20 ℃, if more than 25 ℃, will cause stunted growth of plants, stems and leaves are easy to die, early maturity and dormancy.

1, sowing time

The planting time of one-head garlic, all over the world in accordance with local climatic conditions, backward, that is, in the air temperature reaches 25 ℃ for the critical point, forward three months that is a reasonable planting time. Sowing as long as the lowest temperature above -5 ℃, soil 10 centimeters without a layer of frozen soil can be sown.

The reason why one-head garlic should choose to sow in the spring is that the formation of garlic cloves need flower bud differentiation, and the spring sowing of garlic cloves did not go through enough cold time, even if the sunshine time to meet the requirements, flower buds will not be differentiated or differentiation is incomplete, and finally only the innermost layer of the bulbous buds to develop and expand, the rate of one-head will be greatly increased.

2, land preparation and sowing

Because of the shallow root system of garlic, root hairs are less, more sensitive to environmental changes and water and fertilizer management, to the soil is loose and fertile, high organic matter content, well-drained, the soil PH value of 5.5-5.7 sandy soil planting is most suitable. Before sowing into the base fertilizer after full ploughing and harrowing, the amount of base fertilizer depending on the soil fertility, in general, medium fertility of the soil mu 2000 kg of organic fertilizer; urea 5 kg; 35 kg of calcium superphosphate; potassium chloride 5 kg; a small amount of bio-fertilizers, the main purpose of applying fungal fertilizer is to improve the soil.

Sowing the garlic seed base (root parts) downward vertical insertion into the soil 3 to 4 centimeters, sowing too shallow germination is easy to fall over, sowing too deep is poor germination. Sowing density is generally about 15 centimeters between rows, plant spacing control in about 5 centimeters, after sowing the top of the mulch can be 1 centimeter. After planting, if you can cover the film as much as possible, although a little effort, but for the long garlic is beneficial.

Single head garlic planting

Three, rationalization of field water and fertilizer management

Single head garlic water and fertilizer management from planting to the harvest period of 90 days, can be roughly divided into two phases:

The first phase of the first water for the completion of the planting of the garlic after the completion of the completion of the buds to complete the bud differentiation, during this period, to control the water! Fertilizer control, why control water and fertilizer? In the formation of one-head garlic, we said that the main purpose of water control and fertilizer control is to let the flower buds and peripheral bulb buds die, only the development of the innermost bulb buds, the formation of independent garlic cloves, the main purpose of doing so is to improve the rate of one-head. It usually takes about 25 days after the planting of one-head garlic to complete the differentiation of the flower buds, and during this time only one application of water and fertilizer is needed before the garlic seeds run out of nutrients. That is, until the garlic grows 4~5 leaves, at this time the nutrients in the garlic seed mother have basically been exhausted, at this time you can carry out a watering and fertilization.

The second stage for the completion of bud differentiation to the harvest period, bud differentiation after the one-head garlic has been formed, you can rest assured that the watering, watering time to the ground after drying out as a standard, the interval of about 10 to 15 days a time, each time you watering should be with the water with the fertilizer, fertilizer amount of 5 to 10 kg or so, the late stage should be increased appropriately to add the amount of fertilizer applied to promote the garlic head to grow a long one, so you can greatly enhance the one-head garlic Single head yield. However, it should be noted that in the near harvest period, the soil moisture should not be too much, in order to facilitate storage.

Single head of garlic

Single head of garlic planting bud differentiation is a key factor in the rate of a single head, so choose a good seed at the same time, garlic farmers friends must pay attention to the management of bud differentiation period, in order to improve the rate of a single head, at the same time, pay attention to the later management of water and fertilizer, mastered a series of skills, a single head of garlic to get a bumper crop of things is also a matter of water to the end of the line.