1. Planting time
Cucumber cucumber spring and fall cucumber, spring cucumber refers to the winter sowing seedlings, in the spring can be harvested; and fall cucumber refers to the summer sowing seedlings, harvested in the fall.
Spring cucumber sowing time is determined by the planting period and nursery method, if planted according to the seedling age, you need to sow a month before planting; if cultivated through the daylight greenhouse or heating greenhouse, you need to sow a month and a half in advance; spring cucumber planting time can be in the late frost, choose to sunny days, do not plant in cloudy days, windy days.
Autumn cucumbers are generally selected in the frost 70 days before sowing, transplanting can be carried out a week in advance. Autumn cucumber growing period is relatively short, about 3 months, you can direct greenhouse production. Because it is hot and rainy before and after the frost, you need to prevent pests and diseases.
2. Plot selection
The plot of land for planting cucumbers should be at least two years without planting melon crops, with a pH value between 6.5 and 7.5, easy drainage and irrigation, and fertile soil. In case of drought and water rotation, the soil should be turned and furrowed in October, planting a season of winter crops, and then planting cucumbers in the following spring.
3. Soak seeds to germinate
Germinating cucumber seeds before sowing can shorten the seedling period. The specific operation is to put the seeds in warm water at 55 degrees Celsius to soak for about 10 minutes, while constantly stirring, and then put it in 25 degrees Celsius of water to soak for 8 hours and fish out to dry, and finally placed in 27-30 degrees Celsius of the environment for germination.
4. Sowing seedlings
Sprouted cucumber seeds can be used in seedling cups or nursery beds for seedlings, which will germinate in two days. Seedlings can be planted after half a month of growth, and the time is chosen in the evening on a sunny day. Water once before starting the seedlings, do not hurt the root system when starting the seedlings, retain the soil on the root system to prevent root injury. When the melon seedlings are grown, water and fertilizer should be properly controlled to prevent futile growth. Seedling is in the rainy season, to prevent heavy rainfall caused by stagnant water, resulting in seedling root rot. After sowing, in sunny days to water once, and build a good shade net to prevent sunburn seedlings, in the morning at 9 o'clock cover, uncovered at 5 o'clock in the afternoon, so as to promote the female flower differentiation, improve yield. Before it rains, cover with plastic film to give melon seedlings a rain shield.
The seedling period should do a good job of pest control, sudden collapse disease, standing blight is a common disease in the seedling period, you can use mefenamic acid manganese zinc and carbendazim to prevent and control; the emergence of the melon silk borer with high-efficiency cypermethrin prevention and control.
5. planting
Select fertile soil, convenient drainage of the lot, per mu into the 2000 kg or so of rotted farmyard manure, soil and fertilizer mixed evenly. Then, playing planting holes, each hole distance of 30 cm, planting holes should be slightly larger than the seedling roots. Planting should be selected in the afternoon on a sunny day, and after planting, cover with fine soil and water thoroughly. In addition, you can cover a layer of dark-colored mulch, which can maintain the temperature and humidity of the soil and also reduce the growth of weeds.
6. Fertilizer management
When applying the base fertilizer, in addition to rotting organic fertilizer should also add 30 kg of calcium superphosphate. When the seedlings grow 2~3 true leaves for fertilizer, fertilizer once a week, 10 kg of urea per mu. Fertilizer should pay attention to the concentration of fertilizer, cucumber root absorption capacity is poor, fertilizer should comply with the principle of thin fertilizer diligently applied to prevent root burning. When the seedlings grow two, four and six leaves, each of them will apply a rotted farmyard fertilizer. When the young melon grows to centimeters, combined with watering 20 kg of compound fertilizer per mu. In the sitting melon from the application of another compound fertilizer, in order to improve the yield, every picking twice on the cucumber chasing a fertilizer.
Summer and autumn seasons, high temperatures, plant growth, fertilizer should be heavy application of phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, reduce nitrogen fertilizer, in order to prevent prolongation, early decline. Flowering and fruiting period of increased water demand, generally watered once a day, encountered dry weather should be 3 ~ 5 days of irrigation; encountered more rainy season to do a good job of drainage and flood prevention.
7. Vines and branching
When tendrils appear, use bamboo strips to set up a frame to guide the vines. Every 3 days on the plant to vine, so that the plant vine distribution is uniform. If the variety is the main vine results do not need to straighten, the main side of the vine or the side of the vine results to remove the top of the straightening. When the melon vine grows to 1 meter, leave about 3 side branches, each side branch to stay a cucumber, but also to the melon vine for centering. The appearance of curved melon, big belly melon should be removed in a timely manner.
8. drop vine
When the vine grows to the top of the shed, the bottom of the stem without leaves from the ground 30 centimeters to drop vine, time to choose in the afternoon on a sunny day, this time to drop vine is not easy to hurt the vine. It should be noted that not in the morning or after watering, to prevent damage to the vine, affecting the late growth.
Stop watering a week before the drop, so that the vine tissue moisture reduction, increase the toughness of the plant, but also reduce pathogens. Untie the rope on the vine and put the vine on the ground, not pulling hard, but orderly coiling in the same direction on both sides of the ridge. Coil the vines in the direction of their bending, not in the opposite direction or forcefully bending the vines to prevent twisting or breaking the stems and vines. In the early stages of the fall of the vine, the vine is thin, coiled into a small circle, when the vine grows thick, and then around the big circle.
9. Harvesting
When the cucumber skin changes from dark green to bright green and glossy, and the buds do not fall off, this is the best time to pick. Spring cucumber from planting to the first harvest to 55 days, summer and fall to 35 days. The first time the melon should be harvested early, so as not to affect the growth of the subsequent melon, resulting in the emergence of deformed melon or early plant decline, affecting the yield.