Ke (kè): respect, caution: ~ obedience. ~ keep it. ~ Be careful. Do your duty. Since què is not the correct pronunciation of "ke", why do Mr. Chen Yinque's family, relatives, students, assistants and scholars of literature and history also pronounce kè as què? They are knowledgeable, why don't they know how to read Ke? After the founding of the People's Republic of China, there were 1979, 1989 and 1999 editions of Ci Hai. The 2009 edition will be published in September this year, and the new edition has not yet been read, but the condensed versions of the previous editions are clearly marked as "Ke" from the old edition (1936). How does Mr. Chen Yinque pronounce "gram" himself? The classic saying is that Mr. Chen spelled his name as "TschenYinkoh" or "Chen Yinque". Then there are two records widely seen in various publications: First, Mr. Bi Shutang, a veteran of Tsinghua Library, once asked Mr. Chen, who said that he wanted to read kè and asked, "Why did people call you Yin Què, but you didn't correct it?" Mr. Chen smiled and asked, "Is this necessary?" On the other hand, Mr. Chen himself said that the word "can" should be pronounced as què. Different opinions are confusing. Guang Yun, a rhyme book compiled by Ke in Song Dynasty, is a phonetic notation method of ancient Chinese characters, which is called "anti-cutting". According to this counterclockwise, today's Beijing sound is kè. Therefore, the standard pronunciation of "ke" is kè, which has become a unanimous view in the academic circles. However, there is only one antonym "ke". Why does it have a què pronunciation? This should be regarded as a special case of Chinese phonetic evolution. The word "Ke" was originally written as "Lu", and it was recorded in Xu Shen's Shuo Wen Jie Zi in the Eastern Han Dynasty: "Lu. From the heart, guest voice. " Xu Xuan, a philologist in Song Dynasty, said that "today's customs should be controlled". Therefore, "gram" is a common word of "Su", which means respecting righteousness, and the word gets its sound from "gram". But "Ke" not only reads kè in Beijing, but also has another pronunciation, qiè (Chinese Dialect Vocabulary, page 25, Cultural Reform Press, 1989), and many people probably don't know it. In addition, the word "pestle" derived from "pestle" has another sound "qià" besides "kè" (Ji Yun: Qiu Jiaqie). "Ke" reads Qu, not only Mr. Chen's family, relatives, students, assistants and scholars of literature and history, but also people in Beijing and Tianjin. Wu Dayou, a scholar in the late Qing Dynasty, wrote Lu Zhai Ji Gu Lu, which is called "Qu Zhai" in Beijing and Tianjin. Yu Mingzhen, Chen Yinque's uncle, also known as Smith. Chen Yan, a famous poet and educator in modern times, said in Volume 4 of Poems on Yi Shi that his good friend Yu Mingzhen wrote "Yu Que Poetry" instead of "Yu". The relationship between them is extraordinary. Of course, I know that Yu's word is Queshi, and it is written as Queshi because Que and Que are homophonic. "Ke" has two pronunciations: kè and qiè "Hu" has two pronunciations: kè and qià. When the word "Lu" is pronounced from "Ke", people in Beijing and Tianjin will pronounce it as què, and "Ke" is a vulgar word of "Hu", so it can naturally be pronounced as què. It can be seen that the pronunciation of "ke" as què is not a misunderstanding, but based on oral facts; In Ci Hai, in addition to marking the current standard pronunciation, the old pronunciation is retained, which is a respect for language facts and reflects the editor's profound knowledge and cultivation. However, Mr. Chen Yinque's correct pronunciation of his name "Ke" is kè, but he does not correct què, which shows a great scholar's profound understanding of the complexity of Chinese phonetic evolution.

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