According to the different purposes of enema, it is divided into two categories: non-retention enema and retention enema. No-retention enema is divided into large-volume no-retention enema and small-volume no-retention enema according to the amount of liquid infused. If a large amount of non-retention enemas are used repeatedly for the purpose of cleaning the intestines, it is called a cleansing enema. Purpose: Non-retention enema: 1. Relieve constipation, 2. Remove intestinal gas, 3. Reduce abdominal distension; 4. Clean the intestines, 5. Prepare for surgery, X-ray examination or delivery; 6. Remove toxic substances from the intestines , 7. Reduce poisoning. Retention enema: 1. Sedation and hypnosis; 2. Treatment of intestinal diseases.

Commonly used solutions: Non-retention enema: 1. 0.1-1% soapy water; 2. Isotonic saline retention enema: 1. 10% chloral hydrate for sedation and hypnosis; 2. Intestinal bactericide for treating intestinal diseases Operation: No retention Enema: Instruct urination before the operation; generally take the left lateral decubitus position during the operation (supine position for those with out-of-control anal sphincter). Retention enema: Instruct one defecation or defecation enema before the operation; the recumbent position is determined according to the condition. For chronic bacillary dysentery, the left lateral decubitus position should be used. For patients with amoebic dysentery, lie on the right side. The appropriate dosage for instillation before going to bed is: non-retention enema: 60-90ml for small amounts; 500-1000ml for adults and 100-500ml for children: retention enema: Generally no more than 200ml liquid retention time: non-retention enema: 5-10min retention enema: more than 1h

The above is a personal summary, which may not be comprehensive, welcome to add!