1. Planting time

Garlic is a crop that likes a cool environment, so it depends on the climate and varieties of each region. It can be divided into spring sowing and autumn sowing. In the northern region, the temperature in autumn and winter is low and relatively cold. Seedlings cannot survive the winter safely, so they are not suitable for autumn sowing. They can be sown in early spring and harvested in summer through the method of greenhouse seedling cultivation. In the south, the temperature is lower and the autumn and winter are warm enough. Seedlings can survive the winter safely in the open air during autumn sowing, so autumn sowing is mainly used.

2. Soil preparation

Garlic is not strict with the soil, but it will yield more abundantly in soil rich in organic matter, loose and fertile, and well-drained. Choose a flat plot for planting. Before planting, the land must be prepared first. The soil must be plowed 20-25cm deep, and then plowed carefully to rake the soil finely and flat without any obvious stones or clods. Then make the border, which is about 1 meter long and 4 meters wide. You can also make a border 50cm long and 4 meters wide, depending on the actual situation.

3. Sowing

Choose garlic heads that are larger in size and have better color. Use manual peeling and breaking off the cloves, remove the garlic trays and stem disks, grade the garlic cloves, and select large ones. , garlic cloves with pure white appearance, no damage, and smooth skin are used as seeds. Each garlic clove is required to weigh 5 grams. The size of the seeds is related to the level of yield, so try to choose large seeds.

Dry the seeds for a day or two before sowing to increase the germination rate. Be careful not to choose a period with high temperatures. When the temperature is 15-17 degrees, the climate is cool and the sun is not strong. If you dry the seeds when the sun is strong, The seeds may be directly sunburned to death. Sow seeds in furrows with a depth of 4-5cm and a row spacing of 20×16cm. Sow 1-2 seeds in each furrow. After sowing, cover with a layer of 1cm thin soil and water to moisten the soil.

4. Field management

Garlic is a crop that requires a lot of water. The soil must be maintained to make it grow quickly. Generally, it needs to be watered four times during the entire growth period and sown once. After that, in order to make them germinate as soon as possible; the second seedling period is to promote the rapid growth of seedlings; the third moss emergence period is to promote the growth of garlic moss; the fourth time is during the bulb expansion period to increase the bulb expansion moisture to avoid poor bulb growth. At the same time, if you want to achieve high yield, fertilization is also essential. The principle of fertilization is to use machine fertilizer as the main fertilizer and a small amount of chemical fertilizer; base fertilizer as the main fertilizer and top dressing as the supplement.

When planting, apply 5,000kg of decomposed organic fertilizer per acre, mix it with an appropriate amount of compound fertilizer, and spread it evenly on the ground. During deep plowing, the soil can be mixed evenly; top dressing can be combined with watering. In addition, cultivating and weeding are required to increase soil permeability to prevent weeds from taking up nutrients, and the prevention and control of pests and diseases must be strengthened.

Extended information

Garlic has a chord-shaped shallow root system with no taproot. The main root group is distributed in the soil layer within 5~25cm, with a horizontal diameter of 30cm. In terms of plant morphology, the bulb itself develops from metamorphosed branches, and its internodes are shortened into "bulb disks". The base and edge of the stem disks have root systems, and the original bodies of leaves and buds grow on them.

After the flower buds differentiate, the terminal buds form flower sprouts and the side buds expand to form garlic cloves. The reproduction method of garlic is asexual reproduction, and the reproductive organ is a lateral bud on the mother body, that is, a scale bud. An adult garlic plant consists of roots, pseudostems, leaves, flower sprouts, bulbs, etc.

Baidu Encyclopedia - Garlic