Retrieval learning is to extract knowledge through various ways that make the brain feel a little difficult, so as to deepen memory and use them to solve practical problems.
How to do retrieval exercises? In fact, the methods are also very simple, such as after-class tests, self-questioning or testing, interval exercises, interspersed exercises of different subjects and skills, and so on.
If the retrieval learning method wants to have a good effect: ① Repeated retrieval is better than one retrieval, which is easy to understand. If you often use a knowledge, then you can definitely learn it by heart. Moreover, there should be a certain time interval between retrieval. This involves a memory mechanism of the brain, the "law of necessary difficulty", that is, the harder we extract a memory, the more firmly we can remember it after remembering it. However, after a period of retrieval, our ability to extract knowledge will weaken, and it will be more difficult to recall the content, but after recalling it, our memory will be strengthened; Moreover, if we review it after a while, we will find out which content is more easily forgotten, so as to review it in a targeted way and make ourselves remember it better.
For the interval length, you should search and practice once in time after studying, and then you can practice again every other day, so that sleep can help you forget some things. But we should also pay attention to the fact that the interval should not be too long, so that we can forget too many things, otherwise it will not be retrieval, but re-learning.
2. Desirable learning method
Psychologists have found that the difficulty of learning is inversely proportional to the learning effect. The more efforts you spend in learning something, the more solid you will learn. The easier it is to learn, the worse the effect will be. Therefore, creating desirable difficulties can enhance the learning effect.
Desirable difficulties refer to those difficulties that learners can overcome by increasing their efforts; It is those difficulties that can trigger the process of brain coding and retrieval and have positive value for learning.
For example, if you don't take notes during class, you will be forced to attend class, think and remember more actively and seriously (many people are basically taking notes during class and don't listen to anything); After learning a certain knowledge point, take the initiative to find some related exercises to do; After reading a book, ask yourself some questions and then answer them according to the reading; After learning a knowledge, tell others what you have learned, and so on.
3. Establish the memory clue method
In learning memory, using some memory skills flexibly and establishing memory clues can get twice the result with half the effort. For example, we often use homophonic method, image method, association method, position method, structure method and so on.
For example, in the "Jingying speed reading memory training software": ① "coded location memory" uses homophonic/meaning/image conversion memory, location memory, associative memory and image memory, which is to connect what you want to remember with a series of locations (such as our familiar body and home furniture) and establish memory clues. ② Among them, "mind map memory" is used in image memory, structure memory, index memory and so on.