Banana (Musa nana Lour.) belongs to Musaceae and Musa. Plants are clustered, with creeping stems. The height of the short type is less than 3.5 meters, generally less than 2 meters, and the height of the high type is 4-5 meters. The false stems are all dark green with black spots and covered with white powder, especially in the upper part. The blade is oblong, with a length of (1.5)2-2.2(2.5) m and a width of 60-70(85) cm. Spikes droop, inflorescence axes are densely covered with brown fluff, bracts are purplish red outside, covered with white powder, and deep red inside. Flowers milky white or slightly purplish, nearly round from free perianth segments. The inflorescence is pendulous, resulting in 10-20 strings, about 50- 150. Plants die after fruiting, and the sucking roots from rhizomes continue to reproduce, and each plant can live for many years.
Native to southeast Asia. China is one of the ancient countries that cultivate bananas in the world, and most of the main banana varieties in the world have been passed on from China. Bananas are distributed in tropical and subtropical areas within 30 degrees of latitude in the east, west and southern hemisphere. There are 130 countries that cultivate bananas in the world, with Central America producing the most, followed by Asia. Bananas in China are mainly distributed in Guangdong, Guangxi, Fujian, Taiwan Province, Yunnan and Hainan, with a small amount of cultivation in Guizhou, Sichuan and Chongqing. Bananas like hot and humid climate, and thrive in deep soil, loose soil and well-drained land. The average distribution area is above 2 1℃ for many years, and a few are around 20℃. Bananas require high temperature and humidity, and the growth temperature is 20-35℃, the most suitable is 24-32℃, and the lowest should not be lower than 15.5℃.
Sweet in taste, cold in nature and non-toxic. Clearing away heat, moistening intestines, detoxifying, nourishing yin and moistening dryness, promoting fluid production and quenching thirst. Indications: fever, polydipsia, constipation, hemorrhoids and other diseases. Bananas can be eaten raw, stewed and made into dried bananas or preserved fruits, and also made into banana puree (banana puree is suitable for the elderly and children). In addition, banana essence can also be extracted from bananas, which can be used to make fruit juice, liqueur, fructose, beverages and toothpaste spices.