Chestnuts? -Chestnut tree of Fagaceae?
Castanea mollissima (scientific name: Castanea mollissima), also known as Castanea mollissima, belongs to the genus Castanea of Fagaceae. It is native to China, distributed in Viet Nam, Taiwan Province Province and Chinese mainland, and grows at an altitude of 370-2,800 meters. It is common in mountainous areas and has been widely cultivated. Chestnuts are rich in nutrition, and the content of vitamin C is even higher than that of tomatoes, which is ten times that of apples. The minerals in chestnuts are also comprehensive, including potassium, zinc and iron. Although the content is not as high as hazelnut, it is still much higher than that of ordinary fruits such as apples, especially the potassium content is three times higher than that of apples.
nutritive value
Overview of folded chestnuts
Folding health care effect
Chestnut chestnut can be used for food processing, cooking banquets and non-staple food. Chestnuts are suitable for raw and fried. Chestnuts fried with sugar and roasted with chicken are delicious and can be ground into powder. It can also be made into various dishes, cakes, canned food, etc. Chestnut is easy to store and keep fresh, which can prolong the market supply time. Chestnut is mostly produced on hillside, which is called "healthy food" abroad, and belongs to the first-class fruit of invigorating stomach and kidney and prolonging life.
Chestnut not only contains a lot of starch, but also contains protein, vitamins and other signature nutrients, and is known as the "king of dried fruits". Chestnut can replace grain, and it is called "hard-core crop" and "woody grain" together with jujube and persimmon [2]. It is a cheap and nutritious tonic.
Chestnut is rich in unsaturated fatty acids, vitamins and minerals, which can prevent and treat hypertension, coronary heart disease, arteriosclerosis, osteoporosis and other diseases. It is a nourishing product for anti-aging and prolonging life. Chestnuts are sweet and warm, and enter the spleen, stomach and kidney meridians; Has the effects of nourishing stomach, invigorating spleen, tonifying kidney, strengthening tendons, promoting blood circulation and stopping bleeding.
1. Its main functions are nourishing stomach, strengthening spleen, tonifying kidney and strengthening tendons, and its nourishing effect on human body can be comparable to that of ginseng, astragalus and angelica. Can be used for treating nausea, hematemesis, weakness of waist and legs, hematochezia, etc.
2. It has a good curative effect on kidney deficiency. In the Tang Dynasty, Sun Simiao thought that chestnut was "the fruit of kidney, and kidney disease should be eaten."
3. Unsaturated fatty acids and multivitamins contained in it have the effects of resisting hypertension, coronary heart disease, osteoporosis and arteriosclerosis, and are nourishing products for resisting aging and prolonging life.
4, containing vitamin B2, often eating chestnut is beneficial to children's oral ulcers and adult oral ulcers for a long time.
Folding applicable assembly
Once 10 is appropriate. Chinese medicine believes that chestnut can tonify spleen and stomach, tonify kidney and strengthen tendons, and promote blood circulation to stop bleeding. It has a good curative effect on kidney deficiency, so it is also called "the fruit of kidney". But chestnuts are hard to digest when eaten raw, and cooked food is easy to lag behind. Eating too much at a time will hurt the spleen and stomach, and eat at most 10 a day.
Nutritional value of chestnut [1]
Chestnut, also called chestnut, is a health care product for nourishing and treating diseases. Chinese medicine believes that chestnuts are sweet and warm, and have the effects of nourishing the stomach and strengthening the spleen, tonifying the kidney and strengthening the waist, strengthening tendons and promoting blood circulation, stopping bleeding and reducing swelling.
Chestnuts are rich in nutrients, including sugar, protein, fat, multivitamins and inorganic salts. Chestnut has a good preventive and therapeutic effect on hypertension, coronary heart disease and atherosclerosis. Old people often eat chestnuts, which is of great benefit to fight aging and prolong life.
Chestnuts have many uses, which can be used to make soup and treat limb weakness after illness. Chestnut porridge can be eaten with sugar, which has the effect of tonifying kidney and strengthening tendons; You can eat a few air-dried chestnuts every morning and evening, and fresh chestnuts can also be used to stew cooked food for the elderly with kidney deficiency; When traumatic injury, congestion, swelling and pain occur, raw chestnut meat can be ground into mud and applied to the affected area. It should be noted that chestnuts are not easy to digest when eaten raw, and are easy to stagnate when cooked, so they should not be eaten too much, and those with indigestion or even warmth should not eat them.
Benefits of folding chestnuts raw.
1. Treat weakness of waist and legs, and play a role in strengthening muscles and bones.
Chinese medicine believes that chestnut is warm and can strengthen the body and bones after taking it. If the waist and knees are sore, taking chestnut can effectively restore health.
2, health care spleen and stomach, relieve spleen deficiency.
Every morning and evening, the air-dried raw chestnuts are directly chewed in the mouth, and then slowly swallowed after being completely pulpy, which can maximize the efficacy of chestnuts and have a very good effect on the health care of the spleen and stomach.
In addition to eating directly raw, you can also cook chestnut and japonica rice together. The chestnut porridge made in this way can effectively treat chronic diarrhea caused by deficiency and cold of spleen and stomach in some patients, and indigestion in some elderly people can also be well alleviated.
Step 3 treat diabetes
Through research, experts found that chestnut contains rich and soft dietary fiber, which can effectively help diabetic patients to alleviate their illness. However, it should be noted that raw chestnut is not easy to digest, and diabetic patients should not take too much at one time. It is best to treat chestnut as a snack at ordinary times and eat it between meals. Some people like to eat a lot of chestnuts after meals, which is very incorrect. Not only is it bad for your health, but eating too many calories will also make you obese.
4. Treat hypertension, coronary heart disease, arteriosclerosis and other diseases.
Chestnut is known as the king of dried fruit, because it contains a lot of nutrients needed by human body, such as starch, protein, fat, vitamins, etc., which is very objective. So experts tell us that eating chestnut regularly can improve human immunity, and it also has a good preventive and therapeutic effect on diseases such as hypertension, coronary heart disease and arteriosclerosis.
5. Treatment of oral ulcer
If children suffer from children's oral ulcers and adults' oral ulcers, then eating some chestnuts raw in moderation can alleviate the illness.
6. Treat kidney deficiency
Chestnut has a good effect on kidney deficiency, especially for some elderly people. Chestnut has a good effect of tonifying kidney and promoting blood circulation, and can also play a role in strengthening the body if eaten regularly. [4]
What should I pay attention to when stacking chestnuts?
1, spleen and stomach deficiency and cold, it is not suitable to eat raw chestnuts, it is appropriate to simmer and stir-fry, or you can drink chestnuts, jujube, poria cocos and rice porridge;
2. People with blood diseases, such as vomiting blood and bloody stool, should eat chestnuts raw;
3. Because it contains more carbohydrates, diabetics should eat chestnuts properly;
4. Whether it is eaten raw, fried or simmered, it must be chewed carefully and swallowed with body fluid to achieve better nourishing effect;
5. Constipated mothers and children should not eat more chestnuts. [3]
Fold and edit this part of chestnut storage.
Chestnuts have three fears: one is afraid of heat, the other is afraid of dryness, and the third is afraid of freezing. Storage mainly includes the following methods:
1. Sand storage method: outdoor trench (pit) storage. Choose a well-drained site and dig a ditch with a width of 1m, a depth of 60cm and an unlimited length. After leveling, lay a layer of wet sand (water content 30-35%) on the bottom of the ditch, put a layer of chestnuts, and layer by layer in turn. Each layer of sand chestnut is about 5-6 cm thick. Top sand distance from pit surface 10 cm. You can insert straw into the pit for ventilation, and finally seal the soil into a roof to prevent rainwater from infiltrating.
2. Storage with bracts: choose a well-drained site, lay sand with a thickness of 10 cm on the ground, and pile bracts in the open air. The size of the pile can be changed, but the maximum is not more than 1 m, and it is easy to heat up if it is too high. Cover the pile with stalks. Pay attention to check. If the pile is hot or dry, it can be properly splashed with water to cool and moisturize. This storage method is simple and labor-saving, and the storage period is long, and it can be stored until March-April of the following year, but chestnuts stored with bracts are easy to germinate. If the bracts are damaged by weevils, it is not easy to use this method, because the storage humidity is high, which is conducive to weevil activities.
3. Storage in plastic film tent or film bag: Normal and mature chestnut fruits can be stored in film tent or perforated film bag after sweating and heat dissipation 1 month. Film bags can be placed in bamboo cages, wastebaskets or wooden cases. In order to prevent mildew, the fruit should be washed before bagging, soaked in 500 times of Tobezin solution for a few minutes, dried and bagged. The suitable capacity of the film bag is 25 kg, the film thickness is 0.05 mm, and holes with a diameter of 2 cm are punched on both sides of the bag, and the hole spacing is 5 cm. If non-porous bags are used, they should be inspected at any time to facilitate ventilation and moisture dissipation. When the temperature is high and the humidity in the bag is too high, the Qin Ying should be checked to reduce rot, germination and weightlessness.
Processing technology of folded editing segment
Canned chestnuts with folded sugar water
1. Process flow: raw material selection → raw material treatment → color protection → trimming → pre-cooking, rinsing → sorting → sugar making → canning → exhaust, canning → sterilization and cooling.
2. Key points of the process:
① Selection of raw materials: choose fresh chestnut fruit without pests and mildew, with a single fruit of more than 7g.
(2) Raw material treatment: put the chestnut in water at 95 ~ 100℃ for 5 ~ 8 minutes, let it cool, remove the shell, and then remove the chestnut coat.
③ Color protection: Chestnuts are easy to change color during processing. Put the polished chestnuts into 0.2% salt and 0.3% citric acid solution quickly. Grind off the remaining clothes with a small oilstone and trim the shape.
(4) precooking and rinsing; 0.2% potassium alum and 0. 15% disodium EDTA should be added to the precooking solution, and the amount of precooking solution is twice the weight of chestnuts. Boil the fruit in the precooking solution at 50 ~ 60℃ 10 min, then at 75 ~ 85℃ 15 min, and at 95 ~ 97℃ for 25 ~ 30 min until it is completely cooked. Rinse in hot water at 60℃ 10 min, and then rinse in hot water at 40 ~ 50℃ 10 min.
⑤ Sorting: Reject broken, discolored, spotted and other unqualified chestnuts. Grading according to the color and size of the fruit.
⑥ Sugar solution: Prepare a sugar solution with a sugar content of 50%. At the same time, 0.02% disodium EDTA was added to improve the color of chestnuts.
⑦ canning: glass jars need disinfection. Then, 205 grams of pulp was filled, and sugar solution was added.
⑧ Exhaust sealing: put the tank into the exhaust box, heat the exhaust for 10 ~ 12 minutes, and then seal the tank.
Pet-name ruby sterilization and cooling: sterilization is carried out by using the temperature in the tank. The cooling adopts sectional cooling.
3. Product quality requirements: the pulp of canned chestnut in syrup is light yellow or yellow, and the pulp in the same can has the same color, allowing a little browning at the fruit seam; Has the proper flavor of this product, moderate sweetness and no peculiar smell; Sugar water is transparent, allowing a little impurity that does not cause turbidity and precipitation; The size of each fruit in the same pot shall be uniform, the broken fruit shall not exceed 10%, the weight of chestnut shall not be less than 50% of the net weight, and the concentration of sugar water shall not be less than 50%.
Fold and edit the therapeutic effect of this paragraph.
As a kind of food, the most popular method in China at present is to stir-fry chestnuts with sugar and mix brown sand with chestnuts, so that chestnuts are heated evenly and the sugar in chestnuts is not easy to lose. Fried chestnuts are sweet and delicious. There are steamed buns with chestnut noodles in Beijing snacks, which are said to come from the palace and are appreciated by Empress Dowager Cixi. Chestnut has the functions of nourishing stomach, strengthening spleen, tonifying kidney and strengthening tendons. [12] It is pointed out in Compendium of Materia Medica: "Chestnuts are sweet in taste and warm in nature, and enter the spleen, stomach and kidney meridians." "Chestnuts treat kidney deficiency, waist and legs weakness, can tonify kidney and replenish qi, and have a thick stomach." "Some people are cold inside and have diarrhea. Just eat twenty or thirty chestnuts." "Sun Simiao in the Tang Dynasty said:" Chestnuts are also the fruit of kidney, and kidney disease should be eaten. "Su Dongpo's younger brother Su Ziyou-Su Zhe once wrote a poem praising the therapeutic effect of chestnuts." When you are old, you will suffer from waist and foot diseases, and Shan Weng will take the old chestnuts away and pass them on. For the guests, the morning is prosperous and the evening is prosperous, and the white jade slurry is harvested three times. "Eating chestnut can replenish qi and blood, nourish the stomach, tonify the kidney and strengthen the spleen; Raw food also has the effect of treating waist and leg pain, relaxing muscles and activating collaterals. Chestnuts contain high starch, which can provide high calories, while potassium helps to maintain the normal heartbeat law, and cellulose can strengthen the intestine and keep the excretory system working normally.
Because chestnuts are rich in soft dietary fiber, diabetics can also taste them in moderation. However, chestnuts are difficult to digest when eaten raw, and cooked food is easy to lag, so it is not appropriate to eat more at once. It is best to treat chestnuts as snacks between meals, or eat them during meals, rather than eating them in large quantities after meals, so as not to consume too many calories, which is not conducive to maintaining weight. Fresh chestnuts are prone to mildew and deterioration, and eating moldy chestnuts will be poisoned, so spoiled chestnuts cannot be eaten.
Chinese medicine believes that chestnut is sweet and warm, non-toxic, and has the medical functions of strengthening the spleen and liver, strengthening the body and strengthening the bones. Regular consumption of raw food can cure waist and leg weakness, and shell and bark have astringent effect; Fresh leaves can be used externally to treat skin inflammation; Flowers can cure carbuncle, diarrhea and hernia. Chestnuts are often used in folk remedies. Eating one or two chestnuts raw every morning and evening can cure kidney deficiency and dysuria in the elderly. Raw chestnuts are mashed into mud and applied to the affected area, which can cure traumatic injury, swelling and pain of bones and muscles, and have the functions of relieving pain, stopping bleeding and absorbing sepsis.
It contains a lot of nutrients such as starch, protein, fat and B vitamins, and is known as the "king of dried fruits". Can be used for preventing and treating diseases such as hypertension, coronary heart disease, arteriosclerosis and osteoporosis.
At the same time, regular eating is good for children's oral ulcers and adult oral ulcers that are difficult to heal for a long time.
Chinese medicine believes that chestnuts can tonify spleen and stomach, tonify kidney and strengthen tendons, and promote blood circulation to stop bleeding. It has a good curative effect on kidney deficiency, so it is also called "the fruit of kidney", especially for the elderly with kidney deficiency and diarrhea. Regular eating has the effect of strengthening the body and treating diseases.
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