(1) Gui Zhi Xiang: the name of the word, also known as "sparse curtains and light moon", first seen in this work by Wang Anshi. Jinling: present-day Nanjing, Jiangsu Province.

(2) ascend to send the eye: climb the mountain facing the water, raise your eyes to look far away. The first time I saw this, I was in the middle of a journey to the city, and I was in the middle of a journey to the city.

(3) the old country: that is, the old capital, the old capital. Jinling is the former capital of the six dynasties, so it is called the old country.

(4) the first Su: the weather has just begun to Xiao Su. Su, shriveled, solemn, describing the grass and trees withered, the weather cold and high.

(5) Thousands of miles of clear river like practice: the Yangtze River is like a long white silk. It is from Xie's "Evening Ascension to Three Mountains and Looking Back at Jingyi": "The afterglow is scattered into beautiful silk, and the Chengjiang River is as quiet as a practice." The river is as clear as the Yangtze River. Practice, white silk.

(6) Like Clusters: Here it means that the peaks seem to be clustered together. The name of the group is "clusters," which means that the peaks seem to be clustered together.

(7) Returning Sails and Going to Chautauge (zhào): the boats going to and fro. Zhào is a tool for rowing a boat, which resembles an oar, and can also be extended to mean a boat.

(8) oblique stand: oblique insertion. It can also be derived as a boat.

(9) "colorful boat" two lines: meaning that the colorful boat traveling in the mist, as if in the clouds; Chinese lamps reflecting the water, starry night, egrets flying. These two lines turn to write the Qinhuai River, "colorful boat" is the boat on the river for fun, different from the big boat on the river "to go to row the sails". It is different from the big boats on the river. It is also connected with the next piece "prosperity", and it is better to interpret it as the Qinhuai River than the Yangtze River. Star River is the river in the sky, which refers to the Qinhuai River here. Heron, egret, a kind of water bird. One said that it refers to the Egret Island (a small island where the Yangtze River meets the Qinhuai River).

(10) It is difficult to be adequate in drawing: it is difficult to represent it perfectly even with drawings. Difficult to be sufficient: it is difficult to represent it perfectly.

(11) Luxury Competition: (the dignitaries of the Six Dynasties) competed for a luxurious life. Competition: competing to imitate and chase.

(12) Outside the Gate and the Head of the Building: a reference to the tragedy of Chen's demise in the Sixth Dynasty. From Du Mu's Taicheng Qu: "Outside the door Han Touhu, at the head of the building Zhang Lihua." Han Touhu is the founding general of the Sui dynasty, commanding troops to attack Chen, he has led the troops to Jinling Zhuqiao Gate (South Gate) outside, Chen Houzhu is still with his favorite consort Zhang Lihua in the Jieqi Pavilion on the joy of pleasure. Chen Houzhu and Zhang Lihua were captured by Han, and Chen fell to Sui. Gate refers to the Vermilion Bird Gate. The building refers to the Jieqi Pavilion.

(13) Sorrows and Hatred Continuing: refers to the sorrows and hatred of the fallen states of the six dynasties, which continued one after another.

(14) By virtue of the high: ascending high. This means that the writer ascends to a high place to look into the distance.

(15) Contempt for honor and disgrace: empty sighs for the rise and fall of dynasties. Glory: prosperity. Humiliation: demise. This is the author's lament.

(16) "six dynasties" two lines: meaning that the past of the six dynasties like running water faded away, now only the cold smoke covers the grass, condensed into a dark green, and the prosperity does not exist. Six Dynasties: refers to the six dynasties of Wu of the Three Kingdoms, Eastern Jin Dynasty, Song of the Southern Dynasty, Qi, Liang and Chen. They all built their capitals in Jinling.

(17) Merchant Girl: a singer in a restaurant and tea house.

(18) Houtian Remaining Song: refers to the song Jade Tree Houtian Flower, which is said to have been made by the Empress Dowager of Chen, and whose words are so mournful and beautiful that later people regard it as the sound of a dead country. The last three lines of the poem "The merchant girl doesn't know the hatred of the dead country, and she sings the song "Houtian Hua" across the river" is used in Du Mu's "Parking in the Qinhuai River". I climbed the city tower to look into the distance, the former capital of Jinling is the late fall, the weather has become valiantly cool. Thousands of miles of Chenggang River is like a white practice, verdant mountains like arrow clusters towering ahead. Sailboats in the setting sun to and from the shuttle, the west wind, oblique wine flag fluttering in the small streets. The boat is like floating in the light clouds, the egret seems to fly in the Milky Way, the painting brush is also difficult to describe this magnificent scenery.

Reminiscent of the year, the old capital of Jinling how prosperous and magnificent. Lamentable in the Vermilion Bird Gate outside the Jieqi Pavilion, the monarchs of the six dynasties, one by one, one by one, lost. Since ancient times, how many people here in this high nostalgia, all the generations of honor and disgrace sigh sad. The old stories of the six dynasties have faded away with the flowing water, and all that remains is the cold smoke and the green grass. To this day, the merchants are still singing the "Houtianhua" song.