Anatomical structure of wishbone
The wishbone consists of three parts: the left clavicle, the right clavicle and the xiphoid process. The clavicle is the two lateral branches of the wishbone, and the xiphoid process in the middle is the trunk of the wishbone.
The left and right clavicles are S-shaped and connected to the sternum and scapula respectively. The lateral end of clavicle inclines upward and outward, and the medial end inclines downward and inward. The central part of the clavicle is an arc called clavicle arch. The radian of clavicle can make the upper limbs move freely, and also protect the clavicle and related organs.
Xiphoid process is the backbone of wishbone, which is triangular prism-shaped, with the upper end extending upward and backward and the lower end extending downward and forward. The sternum is in front of the xiphoid process, then the trachea and esophagus. The xiphoid process is connected with the left and right clavicles up and down respectively, forming a fork structure.
Physiological function of wishbone
The wishbone is an important bone supporting the upper limb, and its main functions include:
1. Support and protection of upper limbs: the left and right clavicles of the wishbone are connected with the scapula to support and protect the upper limbs.
2. Protect the important blood vessels and nerves in the lower neck: the lower edge of the wishbone is connected with the muscles between the first rib and the clavicle to form the anterior cervical triangle, which contains important blood vessels and nerves, such as the common carotid artery, subclavian artery, internal jugular vein and recurrent laryngeal nerve. The existence of the wishbone can protect these important structures.
3. Beautify the appearance of human body: The existence of wishbone can make the appearance of human body more beautiful, especially for women.
Operating steps of wishbone
The wishbone is an important part of human skeleton structure, and its operation steps are as follows:
1. preparation: surgical instruments and disinfectants need to be prepared before operation.
2. Anesthesia: For patients who need surgery, local anesthesia or general anesthesia is needed.
3. Surgical incision: according to the specific situation of patients, choose the appropriate surgical incision. Common surgical incisions include subclavian incision and parasternal incision.
4. separation of wishbone: according to the needs of surgery, separate the wishbone. Be careful during the operation to avoid damaging the important blood vessels and nerves around.
5. Repair the wishbone: Repair the wishbone according to the operation needs. Repair methods include fixation with internal fixation materials such as steel plates and nails, or suture.
6. Postoperative treatment: After the operation, the patient needs postoperative treatment, including the use of antibiotics to prevent infection and wound care.
Common diseases of wishbone
The wishbone is an important part of human skeleton structure, and common diseases include:
1. Clavicle fracture: Clavicle fracture is one of the most common diseases of wishbone, which is common in athletes and children.
2. wishbone tumor: wishbone tumor refers to the tumor on the wishbone now. Common tumors include osteosarcoma and chondrosarcoma.
3. Osteoporosis of wishbone: Osteoporosis of wishbone refers to a disease with thinning wishbone and decreased bone density, which is common in the elderly and women.