The forest itself or the forest as a basis, the production of forest products other than timber, bamboo and known as special forest products. Forest standing conditions are special, trees, shrubs, grasses, groundcovers occupying dozens of meters of space, a wide variety of plant species, some plants need to grow in the shade of tall trees, some plants to climb other trees to survive. In this dense forest, high humidity, thick forest humus layer, to the Chinese herbal medicine, mountain wild fruit, mountain wild vegetables and other breeding to create a suitable environment. China's forest by-products of many kinds, only according to the Chinese herbal medicine, mountain wild fruit, mountain wild vegetables some important kinds of simple to introduce.

Ginseng

The root is used as medicine. Wild people called "mountain ginseng". It is also known as the "Divine Herb" in the Compendium of Materia Medica. The main components of ginseng are ginsenoside, ginsenoside, ginsenic acid, vitamin B and so on. In medicine, it is a nourishing and strengthening agent. It has the effects of calming the mind, tonifying the qi, strengthening the spleen, stopping diarrhea, generating fluids and quenching thirst. Ginseng is a perennial rooted herb in the genus Ginseng. Wild ginseng has strict environmental requirements, mostly growing in mixed forests dominated by red pines, and sometimes also growing in linden, quercus and hazelnut forests in fertile and moist places. Ginseng generally grows for 6 years, in the fall around September, the fruit turns red, easy to find. When harvested, pull out the surrounding weeds, use a bamboo needle to set aside the soil around the root, take out the root to wash and dry in the sun.

Reishi

Also known as Rui Cao. The common ones are red ganoderma lucidum and purple ganoderma lucidum. The Divine Husbandman's Classic of the Materia Medica reads: "Chi Chi, with its bitter and flat flavor, is the main treatment for knots in the chest, benefits the heart, nourishes the middle, increases wisdom, and prevents forgetfulness. Taken for a long time, it lightens the body and prolongs the life of the immortals." Modern Chinese medicine practitioners use ganoderma lucidum as a tonic and strong agent. It has a sedative cough, asthma and strong heart, pain relief, enhance the muscle hypoxia endurance and detoxification and hepatoprotective effect. Ganoderma lucidum is a fungus of the genus Ganoderma in the family Polyporaceae. Generally grow in the deep mountain sunny slopes of oak trees and other broad-leaved trees in the decayed parts, for the parasitic substrate. The cap is semicircular or kidney-shaped, from yellow to reddish brown, shiny. After harvesting and drying standby.

Wuweizi

Named for its sour, sweet, bitter, spicy and salty taste. The fruit contains 10% malic acid, 12% citric acid, tartaric acid, ascorbic acid and so on. In addition, it also contains schisandrin, gum resin, carbohydrates and minerals such as iron, manganese, phosphorus and calcium. The main medical effects are stimulation of the respiratory center, excitation of the reaction function of the center, regulation of the cardiovascular system pathological physiological functions and improve the abnormal blood circulation. The Divine Husbandman's Classic of the Materia Medica (Shen Nong Ben Cao Jing) states, "Wu Wei Zi is sour and warm in flavor, and is used to benefit qi, coughing, labor injuries, leanness, tonifying deficiencies, strengthening yin, and benefiting men's semen." In modern medicine, it is used as nourishing and strong, astringent, stopping spermatorrhea, and suppressing cough and asthma. Externally, it is used locally to stop bleeding, treating hemorrhoids and prolapse of the anus. It can also be used to treat insomnia, forgetfulness and other neurasthenia and reduce ghrelin. Schisandra is a deciduous twining shrub of the genus Schisandra in the family Magnoliaceae. Mainly distributed in the northeast, north China and other forested areas of river valleys moist, fertile and well-drained places. Schisandra fruiting in June each year, August to September fruit ripe. Picked off the fruit drying cage steaming, fruit blackened, remove and dry standby.

Sour jujube kernel

The seed kernel is used as medicine. The Materia Medica Compendium contains: "Sour, flat, non-toxic. Kernel, the main treatment of heart and abdominal cold and heat, the evil knot gas gathering, limbs soreness and paralysis of dampness. Taken for a long time, it will pacify the five organs, lighten the body and prolong life." In recent times, the seed kernel is used to nourish the liver and tranquilize the heart, nourish and astringent sweating, tranquilize the mind and hypnotize, which is a good medicine for strengthening the nerves and sedation. Sour jujube is a deciduous shrub in the genus Jujube of the family Rhamnaceae. Distributed in the northeast, north China, northwest and other arid and barren neutral, acidic soil and limestone mountain. In September to October, sour jujube fruit is red can be harvested. Will collect the fruit compost after removing the pulp and debris, jujube kernel after drying can be spare.

Spikenard

Also known as white thorn. This tree has five leaves, often with dense thorns, so the name prickly five plus. Root bark and bark into medicine. The Materia Medica Compendium contains: "Root bark and bark, odor pungent, warm, non-toxic, the main treatment for abdominal hernia and abdominal pain, beneficial to crippled, children three years of age can not walk, gangrene sores yin erosion. Can cure men impotence, sac under the wet, urinary leaking, women Yin itching and lumbar spine pain, two feet pain paralysis, wind weakness, five slow and weak, tonifying the essence, firm muscles and bones, strong will. Taken for a long time, lightness and endurance." It also has the effect of treating arteriosclerosis, regulating high and low blood pressure, calming and tranquilizing the mind, and relieving cough and expectorant. The prickly five plus for the five plus family five plus genus deciduous shrubs. It is mainly distributed in the understory and forest edge soil moist places in Northeast, North China and Henan, Shaanxi, Sichuan and other provinces. The peeled skin is dried and prepared for use.

Eucommia

The skin is used as medicine. According to legend, there was a Taoist priest named Duzhong in ancient times, who often took this medicine and benefited from it, and later people called this tree Duzhong tree. It is a unique medicinal tree in China. The Compendium of Materia Medica reads, "Skin, the main cure for lumbar and knee pain, tonifying the middle and benefiting the essence, firming the tendons and bones, strengthening the will, removing the itchy dampness under the yin and the residual leaching of urination." In recent times, it has been used as a good medicine for treating high blood pressure. Eucommia is a deciduous tree of the genus Eucommia in the family Eucommiaceae. It is mainly distributed in the mountains south of the Yellow River and north of the Five Ridges at an altitude of 2500 meters or less. Generally 15 years old can be peeled, the time to the beginning of spring and summer is appropriate. The peeled bark is washed, flattened, dried and prepared for use.

Houpaku

The bark is used as medicine. It is a valuable herb unique to China. The Compendium of Materia Medica (本草纲目) reads, "The bark, with a bitter odor, warm and non-toxic, warms the middle and benefits the qi, eliminates phlegm and lowers the qi, cures cholera and abdominal pain and distension, cold reversal of the stomach, more than vomiting in the chest, dysentery and drenching of the lungs, removes fright, removes the lingering heat and heart fullness, and thickens the intestines and the stomach." Modern Chinese medicine believes that the bark of the tree contains thujaplicinol, tetrahydrothujaplicinol, isothujaplicinol, xylitol, alkaloids and volatile oil and other components, with warming the middle and lowering the qi, dispersing fullness and drying the dampness, relieving cough and asthma, strengthening the stomach and stopping vomiting, antipyretic and diuretic effects. Magnolia is a deciduous tree of Magnoliaceae. Distributed in the south of the Yellow River in the forest area of the valley, the foothills of the cool moist place. The bark and root bark of trees over 20 years old are peeled between the beginning of summer and the summer solstice. The bark is shade-dried and slightly boiled in boiling water, then put in a cool place to dry.

Huangbai

Bark is used as medicine. The bark and root bark contain safranin, which is effective in clearing heat and removing toxins, diarrhea and dampness. The main treatment for various kinds of bacillary dysentery, typhoid, hepatitis, rheumatoid arthritis, otitis media, conjunctivitis, dampness and fever sores, as well as diabetes mellitus, kidney disease, skin diseases. The fruit can be used as insect repellent. Phellodendron Bark is a deciduous tree of the genus Phellodendron. It is mainly distributed in the river valleys and near streams in the forest areas of northeast and north China. In the summer and the summer solstice at the turn of peeling more than 15 years old bark, bark while wet scrape off the coarse outer skin, exposing the yellow skin when flattened, sun-dried standby.

Poria

Also known as pine hung hung. Zhang Zhongjing in the Han Dynasty with Poria formulated "Wuling San" treatment. Poria and rice flour, sugar and other pastries made of Poria, is the elderly, children spleen tonic good. Poria is a kind of fungus in the genus Poria, family Polyporaceae. Wild mainly grows in the horsetail pine, red pine roots, pine cellulose fermentation reproduction of a large number of mycelium, set into a block-shaped nucleus. Huainanzi - said the mountain "on the" thousand years of the pine, under the Poria, on the rabbit silk "record. Each Poria cocos under the tree ranges from a few grams to dozens of kilograms. The main production areas are Yunnan, Henan, Shanxi and other provinces of the forest area, which is produced in Yunnan "cloud ling" quality is the best.

Tianma

Also known as the fixed wind grass. Stem erect, unbranched, such as arrow shaft, so it is also known as "red arrow". The tuber is fleshy and thick, and can be used as medicine. There are beneficial to the gas and alarm, analgesic liver, stop dizziness, dispel wind-dampness, lumbar and knee, strong bones and other therapeutic effects. The main treatment of neurasthenia, numbness of the limbs, pediatric epilepsy and other diseases. Tianma rootless, no green leaves, can not be self-supporting, relying on honey ring fungus and its **** born. Mainly grows in the clouds, Guizhou, Sichuan, Shaanxi, Tibetan altitude of 1200 ~ 2000 meters in the oak forest fertile moist soil and stumps, roots. Tianma growing period of about 1.5 years. Harvested in the fall of the good quality of Tianma, remove the stems and roots on the ground, scrape off the outer skin, steamed and dried. Asparagus is not easy to reproduce seeds, do not take out the bead buds when harvesting, stay for reproduction.

Pine seeds

that is, the fruit of the red pine. Rich in nutrition, containing 74% fat, protein 14.8%. After eating, not only can nourish the body, enhance health, and can cure wind paralysis, dizziness, cough, vomiting blood, constipation and other diseases. Red pine belongs to the pine family pine evergreen trees. Growing in the Changbai Mountains, small Hingganling forest area of fertile moist gentle slopes of the mountains, mostly mixed with poplar, birch, linden and other broad-leaved trees. Pine seeds generally begin to mature in early September, there are large and small years. When the pine tower from green to brown-green or yellowish and scales slightly outward roll, can be harvested. Harvested pine tower placed in a ventilated place to dry, to be scales loose cracked, placed in a wooden trough with a wooden stick to knock, remove impurities, the pine seeds spread in the shade, to be the moisture content down to less than 9% when you can collect.

Hazelnut

The fruit of the hazelnut tree. Hazelnut general oil content of 50 ~ 60%, containing protein 17 ~ 19%, and contains vitamins and other ingredients. Eating is also appetizing, brightening the role of the eyes. Hazel belongs to the Betulaceae hazel deciduous shrubs or small trees. Continuous growth in the forest edge of the gentle slope or scattered in the forest. The more productive are the flat hazel with thicker shells and the hairy hazel with hairs on the involucre. Hazelnut tree 3 years old into the fruiting period, the fruit is ripe in September to October, generally the involucre stem is soy sauce purple, the kernel yellowish can be harvested. Remove the involucre, sun-dried can be fried to eat, can also be used to process the seed kernel pastry.

Seabuckthorn

Also known as vinegar willow. The fruit flesh contains vitamin C, E, A, K amount of berries, and a variety of trace elements and amino acids, is a high-quality tonic good. The seed kernel contains 18.8% oil. Sea buckthorn oil is the concentrate of all kinds of life activity substances, which can comprehensively enhance the vitality of the body, and is used to produce high-level health care and aerospace food. Sea buckthorn is a deciduous shrub of the genus Sea buckthorn in the family of Hordeum vulgare. Due to its strong resistance and fast spreading roots, sea buckthorn grows continuously on barren mountains and deserted beaches in the north of China. It can be harvested in September to October when the fruits turn yellow. It can be eaten fresh, the juice can be used to make many kinds of beverages, and the seed kernels can be used to extract oil.

Kiwifruit

Also known as sheep peach. Fruit nutrient-rich, pulp containing fat, protein and a variety of vitamins, per 100 grams of fresh fruit containing vitamin C 300 to 400 mg, 5 to 10 times higher than citrus. Can be eaten fresh, can also be processed into jam, fruit wine, juice, dried fruit and other products. Eating is not only good for health, but also has the effect of regulating the middle and regulating the qi, generating fluids and diuretic, and relieving fever. Kiwifruit is a deciduous vine climbing plant of the genus Kiwifruit in the family Kiwifruit. It is widely distributed in warm and humid mixed coniferous and broad forests or forest edge thickets. 9~October, when the fruit color is dark green, the flesh becomes soft, and the surface of the fruit has a glossy shine when it can be harvested. With the harvest, transportation, storage, do not make the fruit damage.

Mountain grapes

Pulp is rich in nutrients, containing sugar 7 to 23%, and protein and calcium, phosphorus, potassium, iron, etc., is the raw material for making wine. Mountain wine is ruby red, sweet and sour, rich and mellow, not only is a delicious drink, but also on anemia and neurasthenia have therapeutic effects. Mountain grape is a deciduous vine plant of the grape family. Mainly distributed in the northeast, north China mixed coniferous or broad-leaved forests, creeping or climbing other trees to grow. In September, the fruit becomes purple, the fruit surface is full of white powder can be harvested. The fruit should be properly stored and processed in time. Young leaves contain vitamins and carotene, stems more starch, is a tonic food. And insomnia, arthritis, high blood pressure and other diseases have therapeutic effects. It has been harvested since ancient times. There is a record in "Poetry Classic - Calling the South Grass Insects" that "I climbed the south mountain and picked its ferns". It is abundantly produced in China, and is exported to Japan, Southeast Asia and other countries in large quantities every year, in addition to domestic sales. Fern belongs to the fenix fern family herbaceous rooted plants. Distributed in the temperate zone, warm temperate zone open forest, forest edge of the moist and fertile shady slopes and ditches and other places. Fern spring sprouts from the rhizome, when the pinnate leaves are fist-shaped can be picked, too late is aging. After picking to prevent extrusion, timely boiled in boiling water for 5 to 6 minutes, then fished out and dried.

Bamboo shoots

are the young shoots of bamboo. In late summer or early fall, some of the side shoots on the whips of strong-aged bamboos sprout into shoots. The shoots that grow in early winter can grow into bamboo, but in dense bamboo forests, winter shoots can be properly excavated. Winter bamboo shoots are of good quality and flavor, tender and crisp. Dried bamboo shoots contain 19% protein and rich in calcium, phosphorus, iron and other inorganic substances, it and shiitake mushrooms, fungus, cauliflower known as the "four mountain treasures", is the best-selling products in the vegetable market.

Shiitake mushrooms

Also known as shiitake mushrooms, winter mushrooms. The flavor is fresh and fragrant. In addition to 13% of the protein in the dried product, but also rich in fat, sugar, fiber, linoleic acid, a variety of vitamins and calcium, phosphorus, iron and so on. Shiitake mushrooms also contain "shiitakein", which has the effect of preventing cancer, curing cirrhosis of the liver, lowering cholesterol and blood pressure, treating kidney disease, gallstones and diabetes. Shiitake is a fungus of the genus Shiitake in the family Umbelliferae. It is often found wild on the fallen wood of broad-leaved trees in forests. The main producing areas are the mountain forests of Zhejiang, Fujian, Jiangxi, Anhui and other provinces. When the shiitake mushroom's umbrella unfolds seventy to eighty percent, the cap is thicker and the side is rolled inward when it can be harvested. After harvesting, it is necessary to spread the sun in time or bake it until it is completely dry.

Wood ear

Also known as black cabbage. Dried fungus contains 10.6% protein and 65% sugar, but also contains calcium, phosphorus, iron and other components. Nutritious, crisp texture, fresh flavor, is a favorite delicacy. Fungus is also beneficial to light body, nourishing and strong, laxative hemorrhoid treatment effect, and can go to the stasis of new, is a mine, textile workers health food. Fungus is a fungus of the fungus family Auriculariaceae. The fungus stretches of spores parasitized on the oak branches and trunks or dead rotting wood in the family Crustaceae, by the mycelium secretion of a variety of enzymes to decompose lignin, absorption of wood carbohydrates and nitrogenous substances, through the external water, temperature, humidity, acidity and alkalinity of the role of the mycelium, so that mycelium development into a fruiting body. The fruiting body is ear-shaped and brown. Translucent when wet, leathery when dry. Wood ear production area is wide, China to the mountainous areas of Hubei Fangxian production of "room ear", color and quality are good, famous at home and abroad. When the ear color becomes lighter, the ear piece stretching, fleshy and fat, mycelium stalk contraction, ventral surface produces white spores, can be harvested. After harvesting to dry in time.

Monkey head

It is a kind of fungus that looks like a monkey head. Nutritious, tasty, not only is a valuable dish, but also can cure peptic ulcer, gastritis and tumors. Monkey head is a genus of monkey head in the order Polyporaceae dentinomycetes. Monkey head grows in oak and walnut rowan and other broad-leaved trees on the dead and decaying wood or live tree wounds. Usually male and female pairs, August to September, when the fruit begins to emit spores, should be harvested in time to dry.