Technical points of lily cultivation: First, the selection of land: Lily like warm and humid environment, it is appropriate to choose the terrain is high, sunny, deep soil, loose soil, well-drained sandy soil or humus soil planting; mountainous areas can be selected half-shady and half-sunny sparse forests or gently sloping land. The mountainous areas can be planted under open forests or gentle slopes with half-shade and half-sun. After the selection of land, before planting deep soil more than 25 cm, combined with the ground, per mu of rotting farmyard manure or compost 2000 kg, 25 kg of calcium superphosphate as a base fertilizer, turned into the soil, and then, the whole fine harrowing made into a width of 1.3 m beds, bed ditch width of 30 cm, 20 cm deep, around the opening of the deeper drainage ditch, in order to facilitate the drainage.
Two, planting time and method:
Lilies are generally planted in the fall is good, the south in September to October, the north can be a little early. Before planting, you should choose a good small bulb for planting, with scales embracing close, white shape, no damage, no pests and diseases as good. Soak the seed stems in 2% formalin solution for 15 minutes to sterilize, remove and dry before planting. In the rectified bed, according to the row spacing 25 cm to open a horizontal ditch, about 12 cm deep, and then every 15 cm (plant spacing) into the small bulbs (seed planting) 1, the top upward, covered with fine soil planting is pressed tightly, columbarium leveling beds, covered with a layer of thin grass stalks, the next year, when the germination of the uncovered.
Three, field management:
1. Plowing hoeing fertilizer: the second year after planting, in the spring after the first flush of seedlings in the first plowing hoeing, it is appropriate to shallow hoeing, do not hurt the bulbs. Combined with hoeing, fertilizer 1 time, per acre with 1000 kg of rotted manure and animal manure, calcium superphosphate 20 kg, 800 kg of compost mixed well, between the rows of ditching into, cover the soil after application.
The second time in May before flowering combined with plowing and hoeing, per mu into the rotted cake fertilizer water 500 kg, 20 kg of calcium superphosphate, compost 800 kg mixed well in the rows of ditching. The third time in July after the flower, combined with hoeing and then apply a phosphorus, potassium fertilizer, the amount is slightly larger, the same method as the first time. Each fertilization should avoid direct contact between the fertilizer and the seedstock, so as not to cause bulb rot.
2. Remove buds: In addition to stay in the seed, in May to June buds, cut the buds in a timely manner, so that the nutrients are concentrated in the growth of the bulb, and is conducive to increased production.
3. Irrigation and drainage: lilies are afraid of waterlogging, summer heat and rainy season as well as heavy rain should be timely ditch drainage to avoid disease. In case of dry weather, watering should be timely.
Four, pest control:
1. Leaf spot disease: stem and leaf damage, leaf damage appeared round spots, slightly sunken, with the emergence of a large number of conidiophores, the spots become dark brown or black, severe leaf death. Stem spots appeared in the stem, stalks become thin. In severe cases, it leads to stem rot and seedling collapse.
Prevention methods: choose disease-free bulbs for seed, before planting bulbs with new jerricans or formalin disinfection; timely ditching and drainage, reduce field humidity, maintain ventilation and light, enhance plant resistance; before and after the onset of the disease, spraying 1: 1:100 Bordeaux solution or 65% zinc 500 times liquid, every 7 days, sprayed for 3 to 4 times, and can be used to treat bulb rot disease.
2. Virus disease: for the whole plant disease, the leaves appear yellow-green colored leaves, the surface is uneven, and there is a black spot, resulting in early death of the leaves, plant growth dwarfed, and in severe cases, the whole plant died. Mostly caused by virus attack. Prevention and control methods: selection of disease-resistant varieties, selection of disease-free mother plant seeds; timely spraying to eliminate virus-transmitting insects, such as aphids, seed flies, etc.; increase the application of phosphorus, potash fertilizer, to promote the growth of robust plants, enhance disease resistance.
3. Aphids: Aphids often suck the sap of young stems and leaves in early summer, making the plant withered tops, affecting growth and spreading disease. Prevention and control methods: spray with 40% Rogaine 1000 times liquid.
4. Seed fly (also called root maggot): larvae damage to the bulb, resulting in bulb rot, and in severe cases, the plants on the ground withered. Prevention and control methods: disinfection of the soil; 90% trichlorfon 800 times liquid watering the roots, and treatment of tigers.
V. Harvesting and processing:
Generally in the second year after planting before and after the fall, when the stem and leaves withered, choose a sunny day to dig. Remove the soil, stalks and roots, the large bulbs as fresh lily merchandise market or processing, small bulbs remain as seed.
Processing, the first big bulb peeled into pieces, according to the large, medium and small respectively, wash the soil, drain the water droplets. Then, into the boiling water, large pieces of about 10 minutes, small pieces of 5 to 7 minutes, cooked to the edge of the soft, the back of the very small cracks, quickly fished out, put into the water rinsed to remove the mucus, and immediately thinly spread on the mat exposure, do not feel free to turn, so as not to break. Evening collected into the house flat drying, do not stack. The next day and then sun, two days after the sun can be turned 1 time, sun to ninety percent dry and then dry to dry. In the event of rainy days can be used to dry the fire. General mu yield of fresh lily 900 ~ 1000 kg, folding dry rate of 20%.