Balsam pear, also known as big head pear, is a kind of pear. Uyghur language called "milk Simti". Characterized by its rich flavor, thin skin, thin meat, juicy sweet and crisp, refreshing and delicious, the top of the pear.

Balsam pear to Korla balsam pear production, good quality. Its planting area of 24,000 acres, annual output of more than a thousand tons. Korla balsam pear in the international market is known as "Chinese honey pear", "pear in the treasures", "fruit in the prince" and other titles.

Balsam pear has a variety of effects, including the ability to protect the heart, reduce fatigue, enhance myocardial vitality, reduce blood pressure; In addition, the pear contains glycosides and tannins and other components, can expectorate cough. In addition, pears contain ingredients such as glycoconjugates and ellagic acid, which can dispel phlegm and relieve cough.

Basic introduction Chinese name: balsam pear Alias: big head pear binomial law: milk Simti World: Botany Phylum: Angiosperm phylum Program: Dicotyledonaceae Subclass: Rosaceae Suborder: Rosaceae Subfamily: Rosaceae Subfamily: Apple Subfamily Genus: Pear Genus Species: Korla Balsam Pear Distribution: Xinjiang, China Uyghur: milk Simti Introduction, Morphological features, Living environment, Distribution, Nutritional composition, Dietary prohibitions, Nutrition and dietary information. Nutrition,Dietary Contraindications,Korla Balsam Pear,Honor,Usage,Xinjiang Balsam Pear,History,Introduction Morphological features Balsam Pear, Uygur language called "milk Simti". It is characterized by strong flavor, thin skin, thin flesh, juicy sweet crisp, refreshing and delicious, is the top quality of pear. Balsam pear to Korla balsam pear production, good quality. Its planting area of 2.4 million mu, annual output in more than a thousand tons. Korla balsam pear in the international market is known as "Chinese honey pear", "pear in the treasures", "fruit in the prince" and other titles. Pears in the world is very rich in variety, Korla balsam pear is the most unique one. According to the introduction, have calyx like beard is male pear, no calyx is female pear. And, female pear is more delicious. Xinjiang local has long had "Turpan grapes, Hami melon, Korla balsam pear no slag" saying, that Korla in known as the hometown of fruits and melons of Xinjiang is important and unique fruit base. Korla balsam pear is one of the most prestigious fruit in Xinjiang, balsam pear is a precious fruit, reputation far away from home and abroad. Living environment balsam pear like light, like temperature, more resistant to high temperature, cold resistance medium. Annual growth cycle from the end of March, early April to November (Table 1). Balsam pear bud sprouting and defoliation start period for the average daily temperature of about 10 ℃, flowering to fruit ripening is in the average daily temperature ≥ 15 ℃ of the time period to complete. The duration of the period is long, the temperature is high, sufficient light is favorable, and low temperature and low light are more disadvantages. The growing period is about 220～230d, and it needs more than 3400℃ of ≥10℃ accumulated temperature. Distribution range Xinjiang, China Nutritional composition Scientific laboratory analysis, Korla balsam pear high nutritional value, edible part of 83.6%. Each 100 grams of edible part of fresh fruit contains protein 0.1 g, fat 0.1 g, carbohydrates 6.7 g, dietary fiber 6.7 g, calories 28 kcal, vitamin C 4.3 mg, calcium 22 mg, phosphorus 19 mg, iron 1.2 mg, zinc 2.61 mg, potassium 79 mg, sodium 3.7 mg, magnesium 8 mg, sugar content 10%, acid 0.03%, ash 0.12%. . 1. pear is rich in B vitamins, can protect the heart, reduce fatigue, enhance myocardial vitality, reduce blood pressure; 2. pear contains ligands and tannins and other components, can expectorate cough, the throat has a conservation effect; 3. pear has more sugar substances and a variety of vitamins, easy to be absorbed by the human body, enhance appetite, the liver has a protective effect; 4. pear cool and can clear the heat and sedative, eating can make blood pressure return to normal, and improve dizziness and vertigo and other symptoms. Pear can prevent atherosclerosis, inhibit the formation of carcinogens nitrosamines, thus preventing cancer and anti-cancer; 6. Pear in the pectin content is very high, helps digestion, laxative. Dietary contraindications General population can eat 1. cough phlegm thick or no phlegm, itchy dry sore throat, chronic bronchitis, tuberculosis patients, hypertension, heart disease, hepatitis, cirrhosis of the liver patients, drinking alcohol or hangover not yet woke up is especially suitable for; 2. chronic enteritis, gastric chills, diabetic patients avoid eating raw pear. Precautions 1, eat will hurt the spleen and stomach, so the spleen and stomach cold, fear of cold food should be eaten sparingly; 2, taking glucocorticoids should not be eaten after taking sulfonamides and sodium bicarbonate should not be eaten; 3, should not be eaten with goose, crab; 4, should not be eaten after drinking boiled water; 5, avoid eating with greasy, hot and cold things. Eat pear drink hot water, eat greasy food will lead to diarrhea; 6, weak spleen and stomach should not eat raw pear, can be cut into pieces of pear boiled water consumption. 7, pear and crab with food hurt stomach and intestines; avoid eating with goose; and hot water with food is easy to diarrhea. Speaking of pears cold this problem, in fact, according to research, different kinds of pears cold degree is also very different. For example, we often eat tianjin duck pear on the cold, and small delicate pear and a larger pear cold about the same, however, the skin thick sand pear and imported beer pear, is more cold. Generally speaking, into the medicine is mainly duck pear and snow pear, please pay attention to choose in the market. Korla balsam pear Honor In 1924 France universal exposition 1432 kinds of pear, Korla balsam pear is second only to the French white pear was rated as the silver medal, there is "the world pear after" the name. 1957 in the "national pear production conference" was rated first. In 1985 by the state as "national quality fruit". In 1999 in Kunming world horticultural exposition, Korla balsam pear won the gold medal. The cultivation of balsam pear has thousands of years of history, but the large area of planting or the Chinese people's *** and after the establishment of the country, only a large number of planting of the thing. 1976, the then kululer county is the autonomous region of the production base of balsam pear; 1985, balsam pear planting area from 1978 306.66 hectares soared to 733.33 hectares; Now, kuler city and the corps of the second division of agriculture of the several fields Now, a **** have 2.45 million hectares of pear orchards, become an important local pear industry; Here the production of pear, more than 60% exported to North America, southeast Asia and west Asia and other places. The balsam pear " desert fruit, natural pregnancy beauty law. Although the body shape is small, the quality has charm. Use identification Korla balsam pear has a pleasing color, thin skin and crispy meat, juicy slag less, sweet and delicious, nutritious, resistant to storage and transportation and other characteristics, sugar content in 9.75% above. Not only can be eaten raw, and can do pear wine, pear cream and other related food, and "moisten the lung, cool the heart, eliminating phlegm, antidote sores and wine poison" medical effect, in the Han and Tang dynasties through the "Silk Road" imported into India, known as the prince of the fruits, from 50 years! Korla balsam pear has won many times in the national fruit evaluation. Since 1987 into the international market since, best-selling. Korla balsam pear how to recognize the authentic Korla balsam pear? "Korla balsam pear legend" is the basis for identification: the first sign is korla balsam pear head smaller, because korla balsam pear originated in taklamakan desert, due to the lack of water, so head than other varieties of pears to be small, no "split pear" necessary; The second mark is kurla fragrant pear skin with a little red, because from Hanhai pear to kurla fragrant pear, had paid the price of blood; The third mark is the kurla fragrant pear no dregs, juicy, sweet taste, because kurla fragrant pear symbolizes the sweet love. Xinjiang balsam pear Xinjiang balsam pear blossom and heat conditions influence balsam pear blossom the main environmental factors is temperature. Flowering early and late and the duration of flowering depends on the temperature conditions in the early stage. To 1980-2002 Korla suburban balsam pear flowering period (L) and the place of March average air temperature (T) to do correlation analysis, the regression equation as follows: L = 26.83-2.601 T correlation coefficient γ = -0.8047 confidence α = 0.01 equation shows that, the pre-temperature is high is early flowering, low is late. In March 1996, the temperature in Korla was 1.4℃ lower than the average value of many years, and balsam pear bloomed only on April 18, which was 10d later than the average date. The pollen of balsam pear almost didn't bud when the temperature was lower than 10℃, and the elongation of pollen tube was poor from 10 to 12℃, and the pollen tube almost completely invaded into the stigma within 3 hours after pollination at 15-18℃, and began to be fertilized after 24 hours. 15-25℃ was the suitable temperature for pollen budding and fertilization. The suitable temperature. South Xinjiang balsam pear producing areas in this stage of the temperature in 15 ~ 17 ℃, are in the lower limit of the appropriate temperature. Xinjiang balsam pear fruit growth and light and heat conditions Xinjiang balsam pear main producing areas fruit growth period from late April to early May to start, to the end of September in the first and middle. This stage is balsam pear reproductive growth and nutritional growth of the peak season, but also balsam pear like light, like temperature, high temperature resistance characteristics fully revealed stage. Balsam pear fruit growth of the main time is in the average daily temperature ≥ 20 ℃ range. According to Korla meteorological station determination, in the average daily temperature 15 ~ 27 ℃ range, balsam pear fruit growth rate and temperature is positively correlated, the average daily temperature in 24 ~ 26 ℃, balsam pear fruit longitudinal and transversal diameter growth rate up to the maximum value, for 0.4 mm / d ~ 0.5 mm / d. Balsam pear fruit expansion period in late June to mid-August, the period of the Korla area ten days of average air temperature in the 24 ~ 27 ℃, very conducive to fruit growth. The average temperature of Korla area in this period is between 24～27℃, which is very favorable to the fruit growth. Balsam pear fruit growth period on light conditions have two aspects of demand: First, the time period of balsam pear has two sensitive period, one is young fruit growth and flower bud differentiation of May to June, the second is fruit maturity of August to September, the requirements of the average number of hours of sunshine in more than 9 hours; Second, in the high temperature and strong light, the photosynthetic efficiency is high. Xinjiang temperature daily difference is large, the same average daily temperature, daytime warming fast, balsam pear in photosynthetically suitable temperature for a long time, improve the effectiveness of the cumulative temperature. Korla in balsam pear fruit growth period of June to August, 11 ~ 22 hours (Beijing time) temperature more than 25 ℃, the best photosynthesis time up to 10h above. Xinjiang balsam pear main producing areas of climate on balsam pear with Korla near the region of balsam pear in the 90's yield data and the place of meteorological data to do the correlation analysis, found that balsam pear yield and the average daily temperature ≥ 20 ℃ during the period of the duration of the number of days, cumulative temperature, the number of hours of sunshine correlation is the best. The correlation coefficients reached 0.78 (α=0.05), 0.79 (α=0.02), 0.87 (α=0.01), respectively, which reflected that the total amount of light and heat resources and their distribution during the period of ≥20℃ had a close relationship with the growth of balsam pear fruits. In addition, the correlation coefficient between balsam pear yield and the average daily difference in temperature in August reached 0.71 (α=0.05).August is the ripening period of balsam pear fruit, and the larger daily difference is conducive to the accumulation and storage of sugar, so as to make it fully ripe. When the daily difference in temperature >12 ℃, the fruit growth rate is fast, <12 ℃, the growth is slowed down; In the fruit ripening period of the daily difference in temperature >11 ℃, the sugar content of balsam pear fruit with the increase of the daily difference in sugar content is linearly rising. Xinjiang balsam pear best planting area the best planting area for the peacock river upper and middle reaches of korla, yuli and yerqiang river and kashgargar river delta bachu, kashgar, mai gai tei and other areas. Area balsam pear growing season light and heat resources, ≥ 20 ℃ during the cumulative temperature of 2310 ~ 2870 ℃, sunshine hours for 940 ~ 1100 hours. The most abundant light and heat resources is exactly balsam pear fruit growth faster time, match better. Xinjiang balsam pear second best planting area including the Tarim River, the middle reaches of the Awati, Alar, Kuqa, Shaya, Xin and Luntai area, and the Tarim basin southwest of Shache, Yecheng to Hotan line, and the east of the Hami city near the area. Area balsam pear growing season ≥ 20 ℃ during the cumulative temperature of 2100 ~ 2500 ℃, sunshine hours 700 ~ 1070 hours, can meet the demand of balsam pear on the light and heat conditions, with better balsam pear planting environmental conditions. History There is a beautiful legend about balsam pear, there is a girl named Ailiman in order to let the townspeople eat pears, she eastward over 99 mountains, has been to 99 places, riding 99 donkeys, led to 99 kinds of pear trees. But after planting, 98 varieties are dead, only 1 pear tree and local wild pear grafting success, pear ripe, fragrant, folks have come to taste congratulations. This incident spread to the Bayi (landlord) ear, Bayi with gold, silver, silk to buy the tree, and the girl is not allowed to teach others cultivation techniques. The girl refused Bayi's request, and Bayi became so angry that he instructed his lackeys to cut down the pear tree and kill the girl. However, the next year, the roots of the pear tree grew green branches. Folks are afraid of Bayi know, they quickly remove the pear tree. In this way, Korla fragrant pear is planted all over the thousands of households. 1986 September, Britain's queen Elizabeth in the great hall of the people in Beijing ate Korla fragrant pear, frequently nodded, and said: "good pear! Good pear! Really fruit prince". Since then, Korla balsam pear is designated as the hospitality of the superior fruit. In India, balsam pear is called "Chinas LuoFuLuoMing", means "Chinese prince". So where is the real "Chinese prince"? In Korla city 9 kilometers northeast of the Iron Gate Pass: Balsam pear Iron Pass west of the end of the world, the very sight of the few travelers; shut the door of a small official, all day to the stone wall. The bridge across the thousands of feet dangerous, the road disk two cliffs narrow; try to climb the west building look, a look head to white. This is a poem by Cen Sen (715-770 A.D.), a famous border poet of the Tang Dynasty, titled "The Tower of Tiemen Pass". Tiemen Pass is one of the 36 passes on the Silk Road, and it is a necessary place to pass through in the middle of the Silk Road from Yanqi to Guzi (i.e. today's Kuqa). Iron gate pass two mountains, stone wall towering, stone wall tens of meters high, fifteen kilometers long, a line in the middle, is the peacock river river cutting the formation of the canyon. The reason why the prince of the balsam pear exclusive Tiemen Pass? Why Tie Men Guan Pear is slightly larger, skin light, bright color, meat fine, no slag, juicy, crispy, sweet? There are three reasons, one is because the iron gate pass away from the world, hidden in the mountains and mountains in the fertile land on the bank of the peacock river, where pear trees tall, leafy, known as "the world outside the pear garden"; two is because the iron gate pass is the original origin of the korla fragrant pear, is the first landing point of the Hanhai pear; three is because of the people's behavior factors, because "Korla fragrant pear legend" has long been a household name.