vitamin B1 (thiamine)

vitamin B1 is also called thiamine or anti-neuritis. A B vitamin composed of pyrimidine ring and thiazole ring. It is a colorless crystal, soluble in water, very stable in acidic solution, unstable in alkaline solution, and easily damaged by oxidation and heat. Vitamin B1 mainly exists in the husk and germ of seeds, such as rice bran and bran, and is also very rich in yeast. Lean meat, Chinese cabbage and celery are also rich in content. At present, the vitamin B1 used is a chemically synthesized product. In vivo, vitamin B1 participates in the catabolism of sugar in the form of coenzyme, which has the function of protecting the nervous system. It can also promote gastrointestinal peristalsis and increase appetite.

when vitamin B1 is deficient, many kinds of neuroinflammations can be caused, such as beriberi. Polyneuritis caused by vitamin B1 deficiency, the peripheral nerve endings of patients are inflamed and degenerated, accompanied by symptoms such as numbness of limbs, muscle atrophy, heart failure and edema of lower limbs. From 18th to 19th century, beriberi spread widely in China, Japan, especially in Southeast Asia. At that time, hundreds of thousands of people died of beriberi every year. China ancient medical books have long recorded the treatment of beriberi, and Sun Simiao, a famous doctor in China, is known to treat beriberi with chaff. In modern medicine, vitamin B1 preparation has a significant effect on beriberi and various neuroinflammations.

vitamin B1(Vitamin B1)

alias

thiamine hydrochloride

basic pharmacological knowledge

water solubility. Like all vitamins in B group, excess B1 will not be stored in the body, but will be completely excreted. Therefore, it must be supplemented every day.

participate in carbohydrate metabolism in vivo.

There is a synergistic effect between B vitamins-that is to say, it is better to take all B vitamins at once than to take them separately.

Vitamin B1 is called a spiritual vitamin, because it has a good influence on nervous tissue and mental state.

The unit of measurement of vitamin B1 is mg

Usage and dosage

The recommended daily intake for adults is 1. ~ 1.5 mg. 1.5 ~ 1.6 mg daily during pregnancy and lactation;

In case of illness, stressful life and surgery, the necessary dosage should be increased.

Function and use

▲ Promote growth;

▲ Help digestion, especially carbohydrate digestion;

▲ improve mental state; Maintain the normal activities of nerve tissue, muscle and heart;

▲ Reduce airsickness and seasickness;

▲ It can relieve the pain after dental surgery;

▲ It is helpful for the treatment of herpes zoster.

deficiency

vitamin B1 deficiency is often caused by insufficient intake, increased demand and obstacles in absorption and utilization. Liver damage and drinking can also be caused. Nephropathy patients with long-term dialysis, patients with total parenteral nutrition and patients with long-term chronic fever can all occur.

The initial symptoms include fatigue, apathy, poor appetite, nausea, melancholy, impatience, depression, numbness in the legs and abnormal electrocardiogram. Generally, it is divided into several categories:

1. Dry beriberi < P > is mainly caused by polyneuritis, and there is ascending peripheral inflammation, which is characterized by numbness of the toes, muscle aches and tenderness, especially gastrocnemius.

2. Wet beriberi

Edema and cardiac symptoms are the main symptoms.

3. Infantile beriberi

mostly occurs in infants aged 2-5 months, and most of them are infants fed by breast milk with vitamin B1 deficiency, with sudden onset and urgent illness. Early loss of appetite, vomiting, excitement, rapid heartbeat, shortness of breath and difficulty.

Food sources

Yeast, rice bran, whole wheat, oats, peanuts, pork, most kinds of vegetables, wheat bran and milk.

Nutritional supplements

There are two different intake methods, inefficient and efficient, usually 5mg, 1mg or 5mg. If vitamins B1, B2 and B6 are taken together in a balanced way, the effect will be the best. If pantothenic acid, folic acid and vitamin B12 with anti-stress effect are added, the effect will be better. The general intake is 1 ~ 3 mg per day.

side effects

This water-soluble vitamin has no side effects.

the excess component is completely excreted and will not be stored in the human body. When you take more than 5 ~ 1g every day, you will occasionally have side effects such as shivering, herpes, edema, nervousness, rapid heartbeat and allergies.

Medication suggestion

▲ People who smoke, drink and regularly consume sugar should increase their intake of vitamin B1;

▲ Women who are pregnant, nursing or taking birth control pills need a lot of vitamin B1;

▲ If you have the habit of taking gastric acid inhibitors after meals, you will lose the B1 absorbed in this meal;

▲ People who are in a state of tension-illness, anxiety, mental shock, after surgery, etc.-need not only B1, but also all the vitamins in the B group, that is to say, they should take vitamin B complex preparations.