Introduction to Yuanmingyuan 10 words. Yuanmingyuan is located in Haidian District, Beijing. Although Yuanmingyuan has become a site, many people are still curious about the ancient Yuanmingyuan. The following is a brief introduction of Yuanmingyuan, 10.

Introduction to Yuanmingyuan 10 1 1. Yuanmingyuan is a large imperial garden in China in Qing Dynasty. It was built in 1707 (forty-six years of Qing Emperor Kangxi). It consists of Yuanmingyuan and its affiliated gardens, Changchun Garden and Qichun Garden (later renamed Wanchun Garden). Also known as Yuanming Three Gardens, there are ten thousand gardens. The Qing emperors came here every summer to escape the heat and listen to politics, so Yuanmingyuan is also called the Summer Palace. 1860 During the Second Opium War, Yuanmingyuan was looted and burned by the British and French allied forces, so the site is now Yuanmingyuan Ruins Park.

2. Yuanmingyuan was founded in 1707 (in the 46th year of Kangxi), covering an area of 3.5 square kilometers, with a building area of 200,000 square meters and more than 50 scenic spots/kloc-0. It was originally given to Yin Zhen, the fourth son of Emperor Kangxi. Kangxi wrote Yuanmingyuan for it, and Yuanming was the name of Yongzheng.

After Yongzheng 1722 acceded to the throne, the original garden was expanded. In the south of the garden, Zheng Da Guangming Hall, Qin Zhengtang and many value rooms of the Cabinet, Sixth Department and Military Department were built, hoping to "avoid noise and listen to politics" here in summer. During the Qianlong period, in addition to the local reconstruction of Yuanmingyuan, Changchun Garden was built in the east and merged into Wanchun Garden in the southeast. At this point, the pattern of Yuanmingyuan was basically formed, and it was repaired and expanded many times during Jiaqing and Daoguang years.

3. 1860, 101October 6th, the Yuanmingyuan was jointly burned by Britain and France. Emperor Tongzhi wanted to repair it, but he was forced to stop because of financial difficulties. After Eight-Nation Alliance, Yuanmingyuan was destroyed by warlords and attacked by bandits, and finally became a ruin.

4. After 150 years of establishment and operation, Yuanmingyuan was once famous for its grand geographical scale, outstanding architectural skills, exquisite architectural landscape, rich cultural collection and profound national cultural connotation, and was praised as "a model of all gardening arts" and "a model of ideals and art" by French writer victor hugo.

Introduction to Yuanmingyuan 10 Word 2 Yuanmingyuan was originally a garden in the Ming Dynasty. At first, Emperor Kangxi gave Yongzheng's garden to his fourth son, Yin Zhen. Yuanmingyuan was named by Emperor Kangxi. Yuanmingyuan is located in the northwest suburb of Beijing, with an area of more than 5,200 mu and more than 50 scenic spots/kloc-0.

The building area is10.6 million square meters, which is composed of Yuanmingyuan Garden, Changchun Garden and Wanchun Garden, and is known as the "Garden of Ten Thousand Gardens". After more than 50 years of continuous improvement and expansion in Kangxi, Yongzheng, Qianlong, Jiaqing, Daoguang, Xianfeng and other dynasties/kloc-0.

From an architectural point of view, it is of little value. First of all, its Chinese-style buildings, such as palaces, pavilions, monuments, bridges, corridors and waterside pavilions, are all in the Qing Dynasty style, which is a great retrogression compared with the ancient buildings in China, such as the Tang and Song Dynasties. The artistic style of the Qing Dynasty was popular with trivial carvings and fancy decorations.

The architecture of the Qing Dynasty and the costumes of the Qing Dynasty constitute a bizarre pattern, which is a retrogression of aesthetic consciousness. There are a few European-style buildings in Yuanmingyuan, accounting for 2% of the total buildings, all of which belong to Rococo style. It only represents a decadent school of western classical architecture, and its artistic value is very low.

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Manchu people have lived in Heilongjiang Valley in northeast China for generations. /kloc-In the middle of the 0/7th century, they invaded North China on a large scale, completely overthrowing the Ming Dynasty. He entered Beijing from the northeast as the capital, seized the national political power, and established the last feudal dynasty in the history of China-the Qing Dynasty.

Because the Qing rulers lived a nomadic life in the northeast before entering the customs. Winter is a snowy forest, and summer is cool. After entering the customs, they didn't adapt to the dry and hot climate in Beijing in midsummer. It seems that the garden was built for summer, which is one of the reasons.

But the main reason is that the Manchu emperors were lecherous and had a crazy love for women. Outside the customs, even if my father dies, I will not let go of my father's wives and concubines, no matter how beautiful or ugly. Manchu people like to fight, because after winning, they can divide women.

Moreover, the princes and ordinary Manchu in the Qing Dynasty didn't care about this, and they could be more indulgent because they didn't have any ancestral coercion. After entering the customs and becoming a ruler, it is impossible to let go of the Han women. The average Manchu can rob property at will, kill and set fire to women, or simply rob the daughter of the Han people to be their slaves.

Introduction to Yuanmingyuan10Word 3 1, the scale of Yuanmingyuan

In the Qing Dynasty, the whole country poured in material resources and gathered countless skilled craftsmen to fill lakes and pile mountains, plant flowers and trees, and some famous gardens in the south of the Yangtze River were picturesque. It also creatively transplanted western garden buildings and built 145 large buildings, which contained countless art treasures and books and cultural relics. In addition to Chinese courtyards, Changchun Garden also has western-style buildings such as Haiyan Hall and Garden Cinema, which is known as the "Garden of Ten Thousand Gardens".

1860, British and French troops invaded Beijing and burned Yuanmingyuan. 1900 Eight-Nation Alliance invaded Beijing, and the gardens in the western suburbs of Yuanmingyuan were looted again. Empress Dowager Cixi fled to xi 'an with Emperor Guangxu. The Qing government completely lost control of Yuanmingyuan, and the Eight Banners soldiers and bandits took advantage of the fire to rob.

Nearly 100 buildings that remained in Yuanmingyuan and have been basically restored one after another were demolished and robbed, which completely destroyed the buildings and ancient and famous trees in Yuanmingyuan. Yuanmingyuan covers an area of more than 350 hectares, of which the water surface area is about 140 hectares, the plot ratio of Yuanmingyuan is 10000 square meters, and the water area is equivalent to a Summer Palace, with a total area equivalent to 8.5 Forbidden City.

2. The main buildings of Yuanmingyuan

(1) Yuanmingyuan is located in the north of Guajiatun, north of Peking University and west of Tsinghua. Yuanmingyuan is a large royal palace built and operated by the Qing emperor from 65438 to 050.

It was mainly built in the last years of Kangxi and Yongzheng. Emperors such as Yongzheng, Qianlong, Jiaqing, Daoguang and Xianfeng lived and entertained in Yuanmingyuan for a long time, and held court meetings here to handle political affairs. Called the "Imperial Garden" by the Qing Emperor, there are more than 600 plaques hanging alone. The main scenic spots include the Forty Scenes of Yuanmingyuan, Zibi Mountain Residence and Wenyuan Pavilion.

(2) Qichun Garden, named "Jiaohui Garden", was originally given by Yun Xiang, Prince of Qingyi, and was built in the last years of Kangxi. Later, it was given to Fu Heng, a college student. In the thirty-fourth year of Qianlong, it was officially designated as the imperial garden and named Yechun Garden. During the Jiaqing period, the scale of the garden reached 1000 mu, which became one of the main gardens of the Qing emperor.

Jiaqing first wrote the poem "Thirty Scenes of Spring Garden", which later became more than twenty scenes. At that time, there were nearly 30 famous landscape groups such as Fuchuntang, Qingxiazhai, Hanqiuguan and Shengdongshi. There are more than 100 garden buildings with plaques. After the destruction of 1860 Park, it was renamed Wanchun Garden when it tried to rebuild during the Tongzhi period.

(3) Changchun Garden * * * covers an area of 1000 mu, and there are about 200 garden buildings with plaques. The planning of the West Building of Changchun Garden began in the 12th year of Qianlong (1747) and was basically completed in the 24th year (1759). It consists of more than ten buildings and gardens, including Heqi, Line Bridge, Flower Array, Bird Cage, Fang Mao, Haiyan Hall, Garden Shadow Pass, Dashuifa, Shuiguan, Line Mountain and Line Wall. The whole area of Xiyanglou Scenic Area does not exceed 2% of the total area of Yuanming Three Gardens, which is a successful attempt to imitate European gardens in pieces.

3. The main scenery of Yuanmingyuan

(1) Grand Palace Gate, with 5 gates facing south, with a large platform in front and 5 gates facing east and west; At the back of the house, there are 27 rooms, facing each other in the curved corner.

(2) The Guangming Hall in Zheng Da, the main hall of Yuanmingyuan, is the place where the emperor held birthdays, small banquets, dragon dances and re-examinations after having obtained the provincial examinations.

(3) Diligent Qinxian Hall, namely the front hall of hall of mental cultivation West Warm Pavilion, is located in the east of Guangming Hall in Zheng Da, which is the office of the emperor in summer.

(4) hall of mental cultivation Xinuange is the place where the emperor handles daily affairs, meets with ministers alone and examines palace examination's examination papers.

(5) Kyushu Qingyan, located on the shore of a thousand lakes, faces Zheng Da Guangming Hall across the lake and consists of a main hall with three entrances facing south.

(6) Changchun Fairy Hall, built in Qianlong for nine years, is located in the west of Qianhu Lake where Qianlong lived before he ascended the throne.

In addition, the main attractions of Yuanmingyuan include the moon, Bitong Academy, the upper and lower skylight, the apricot blossom spring pavilion, openness, peace for all parties, high mountains and high waters, and a paradise.

4. Summary

Yuanmingyuan, which embodies the essence of ancient gardening art in China, was the most outstanding large-scale garden at that time. It brings together the excellent gardening art of China for thousands of years and pushes the classical gardens in China to a new height.