Journal of Philosophy and Social Sciences of Hainan Normal University

Journal of Qinghai Normal University (Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition) Volume 33 No.65438

On the Language Art of Shakespeare's Plays

Xin rangping

() Qinghai Police Vocational College, Xining, Qinghai 8 10000.

Abstract: Shakespeare's language art is mainly manifested in his mature plays. The individualization and visualization of language make Shakespeare a world language master. Language is the direct reality of thought. The so-called personalized language should not only conform to the personality characteristics of the characters, but also contain the unique atmosphere of the times in which the characters live. The so-called visualized language comes from the fact that the content of language is a concrete phenomenon or a form of things in life. Key words: Shakespeare's plays; Language; Personalization; imagine

) China Library Classification Number: H05 Document Identification Number: Part A Number:1000-5102-(20101-0120-03.

Is it the English Renaissance Wei 1564? 16 16) William? Shakespeare (

Mainly great dramatists and poets. In addition to his early poems, he also wrote 37 Kubinashi rhymes and plays. Marx and Engels like Shakespeare very much. Not only do they often quote Shakespeare and Biya's plays in their works,

Works and characters, and fully affirmed Shakespeare's position in the history of drama development when talking about drama art. 1873 12 10 Engels wrote to mark? Alice pointed out in her letter that the first scene of The Merry Wives of Windsor alone is richer in life and reality than all German literature. Lance and his dog Crabbe are more valuable than all German comedies put together. Shakespeare often took drastic measures to end it quickly, thus reducing the reality.

[ 1]

? Quite boring but inevitable nonsense in the world. Excerpt from Engels' letter

Unique flavor.

? Gorky said in On the Script: The characters in the play are only created by their lines, that is, pure spoken language, not narrative language.

[3]

? In other words, the character's language should be fully personalized, and he is talking.

The natural expression of personality in a specific situation. So-called? Say one person, Xiao one person, do not make. Is it floating in the use of language? On the one hand, Shakespeare took advantage of advantages and similarities,

Elegant written and spoken language, on the one hand, widely uses folk proverbs and slang, and sometimes he creates new words, so his language is rich, extensive, flexible and powerful, which can show the personality characteristics of people with different personalities, identities and positions. Shakespeare wrote 37 plays in his life and created hundreds of different characters, from kings, queens and princes to thieves, clowns and grave diggers. Every character has a set of language that conforms to his own personality characteristics, and with the changes of occasions and environments, the language of the characters has also developed and changed. Goethe in Sally? "Spanish Naming Day" said: The audience only knows the evolution of the characters' hearts after they speak, and all the characters seem to agree together, so they are not allowed in this respect? We have some unclear and vague things. Shylock's language is rude and vulgar, and he often uses disgusting things as metaphors, while Portia's language is elegant and exquisite.

Beauty and implication contrast with Shylock. Hamlet's language, sometimes mild, sometimes clear, sometimes humorous, sometimes incoherent, depends on his inner contradictions and the development of his ideological character. In particular, the author carefully designed many wonderful inner monologues, which revealed his spiritual world and enriched and deepened his personality characteristics. Like act three, scene one? To be or not to be? This famous monologue is a famous poem that shines with philosophical light, and it is also an inspiration.

At least two things are certain, one is the aesthetic value of Shakespeare's plays, and the other is the language art of Shakespeare's plays. What did Marx do in 1848? Want to improve your English knowledge? Let it go? atypical pneumonia

2]

,。 Are all the words in Biat style searched out and classified? Study [

So Shakespeare deserves to be a master of English.

Scholars who used to study Shakespeare's language art thought that Shakespeare's early poetry rhetoric was too elaborate and elegant, but in his mature plays, the language was vivid and refined. The individualization and visualization of language won Shakespeare the title of world language master. This paper discusses the dramatic language art of Shakespeare's plays from two aspects: personalization and visualization.

First, personalized language. Language is the direct reality of thought. The so-called personalized language should not only conform to the personality characteristics of the characters, but also include the times in which the characters live.

Date of receipt: 20 100908-

About the author: Xin Rangping (male, Han nationality, Shaanxi native, associate professor of Qinghai Police Vocational College). 1960-)

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Murret's inner mystery is a vivid finishing touch. Through this monologue, readers can further understand his profound thinking about the meaning of life and his painful search for revenge.

A frank exposition of ideological contradictions. Because of this, Gorky in "On the Script"

Through analysis and research, it is concluded that we must learn from Shakespeare in order to describe the characters' personalities with powerful and vivid language.

The personalized language of Shakespeare's plays is not only reflected in the personality characteristics of the characters, but also in the characteristics of the times in which the characters live. In Shakespeare's time, humanism swept through western Europe as a trend of thought to reform reality. Therefore, it is not difficult for us to understand Hamlet's praise for nature and human beings. In his view,

Is the world a beautiful place? Garden? ,? The earth that carries everything? what's up A beautiful frame? ,? Cover the sky of all beings?

what's up A gorgeous tent? And then what? A magnificent house decorated with golden fireballs? ; ? What a great masterpiece human beings are! What a noble reason! What a great power! What a beautiful instrument! What an elegant move! How like an angel! What a wise god! The nature of the universe! The spirit of all things! ? Act two, scene two. What is the reason for such natural beauty and human praise? People? Confessions centered on humanism. It is not difficult to understand that when Shylock, a merchant of * * * *, wanted to fulfill the contract of one pound of meat, he almost went to heaven in court and kept shouting:? A knowledgeable judge! Good sentence! Come on, are you ready? The mercenary and cruel nature is creepy, and it also reveals the characteristics of free trade and contract in capitalist society.

In short, personalized language is based on rich life experience and keen observation, and the power of wisdom and true feelings can not be ignored.

Second, the image of language. Drama language is both an auditory art and a visual art, because lines and characters are inseparable. Dramatists use language to shape characters, and characters express social life through lines, body movements, expressions and conflicts. Here, the stage image meets the audience's visual aesthetic needs, but the language lines stimulate the audience's imagination. From the playwright's imagination to the audience's imagination, language comes from specific life phenomena or things.

That is the image of language. The vivid language of Shakespeare's plays describes the broad picture and world of British social life at that time; There are hundreds of characters, such as Hamlet, Romeo, Juliet, Sherlock, Falstaff, Macbeth, King Lear and so on. Just give one or two examples, such as vivid language describing sleep. After the murder of Duncan, Macbeth was restless and insomnia. He said, I seem to hear a voice shouting:

? Don't sleep!

Macbeth killed sleep? . ? Innocent sleep, sleep woven with troubles, death in daily life, bath of the tired, ointment that breaks the heart, the second dish of nature,

The main nutrition at the feast of life. ? Macbeth, two acts and two scenes. Here, sleep is abstract. Through his own life experience, Shakespeare turned sleep into various personified and metaphorical concrete images, and vividly presented a Macbeth tortured by sleep to the world. Look again, in Shakespeare's historical plays, another king, Henry IV, was also tortured by insomnia. He said:

? Sleep, soft sleep!

Nature's gentle wet nurse, how did I scare you, so that you would not close your eyes for me and immerse my intuition in the forgotten river?

Why, sleep, you would rather live in a smoky hut, stretch your limbs on an uncomfortable straw mat, and let the buzzing mosquitoes urge you to sleep, but you don't want to rest in a fragrant palace and under a rich and luxurious treasure account.

Let the sweetest music hypnotize you?

Ah, weird sleep! You can give your rest to a sailor in a thrilling moment, but in the quietest night.

In the warmest and most comfortable environment conducive to sleep,

But you can't give him to the king? Happy lowlife, rest in peace! A crowned head can't sleep well. ? Henry IV, Part II, Act III, Scene 1.

Henry IV compared sleep to sleep? Nature's gentle nurse? Give people nutrition,

But this incident frightened the wet nurse and made him lose sleep. Shakespeare, through Henry IV,

A series of rhetorical devices such as metaphor, rendering, contrast and summoning are used to describe sleep vividly, which combines lyricism and philosophy. The poor are carefree,

You can enjoy the happiness of sleeping, but Henry IV himself is the king, living in such luxury and comfort, and the environment is so elegant and quiet, but he is deprived of the happiness of sleeping because of heavy thoughts. This figurative rhetorical contrast is poetic, beautiful and vivid, and has great artistic appeal.

The same example can be seen everywhere in Shakespeare's plays, such as the monologue of the tragic hero in Othello before Desdemona's execution:

If I kick you out, if I regret it, I can rekindle you. But you, the most beautiful image of nature, if I ever put out your brilliance,

I don't know where I stole Prometheus' skyfire, which can make you glow again.

When I pick a rose, I can't let it lose its vitality.

It just withered and withered. I want to smell it in the tree again. (kissing her)

Ah, sweet breath, you almost inspired justice.

To break her own sword! One more kiss, one more kiss. May you do this until you die, and I'll kill you.

Then I love you. ? Othello, Act V, Scene II. Othello's wonderful passage lies not only in the visualization of language,

More importantly, figurative language is combined with his sincere feelings. He used the poetic language of metaphor and rhetoric to express his feelings about fur very accurately.

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According to the custom at that time, the second course was the most important course at the banquet.

Shakespeare means that sleep is more important to one's health than anything else (including eating). Sleep is the most important nutrition in nature, which can restore fatigue and maintain physical and mental health.

? 12 1?

. Love and hate are intertwined. I love my wife's gentleness and beauty, but I hate her? Cheating? He didn't have the heart to kill her, and he had to kill her; Even if he killed her, he still loved her. Extreme love, extreme hate and extreme pain are fully expressed in these dozens of lines. The art of mastering language is so superb that it can be called an immortal masterpiece in English poetry.

Many people have suffered the loss of their loved ones, which is unbearable. However, if this kind of pain is expressed in concrete language, it is not easy for King Lear to care for his body. King Lear's daughter Cordelia was killed,

Crying bitterly, how can I express my deep sorrow for my daughter's unfortunate death? He said:

My poor silly child was hanged by them! No, no, there is no life!

Why do dogs, horses and mice all have lives, but you have no breath! You'll never come back,

Forever, forever, forever, forever, forever! ? King Lear has five acts and three scenes. Comparing the lives of dogs, horses and mice with the lifelessness of Cordelia, an extremely lovely relative, truly, aptly and fully shows King Lear's grief and injustice over his daughter's innocent murder.

While using all kinds of delicious and vivid images, Shakespeare sometimes uses a special technique to set off positive things from the opposite side. In Twelfth Night, Wei became the servant of the Duke of Osino, and the Duke asked her to meet Ola, a woman disguised as a man.

Miss Olivia, when Olivia lifted the veil on her face, she saw Ou. How can she praise him? She said: When Livia is beautiful,

It's really a beautiful and exquisite modulation. Red and white are painted by nature with her sweet and dexterous hands. Miss, you are the most cruel woman in the world today. If you are willing to bury this beauty in the grave, you will not leave a copy for the world.

Here, in the last two lines, the poet not only writes about Austria from the front, but also talks back and says that if she doesn't let go? Copy? Stay in the world, the beauty of Livia,

That is the most cruel among women today. How rich the poet's fantasy is and how wonderful the positive and negative foil techniques are.

The visualization of Shakespeare's language cannot but be attributed to his superb imagination, but more importantly, it is due to his rich life experience and keen observation of life. Like Macbeth, a tragic hero who has nothing to do with the ocean, after killing Duncan, he also uses the ocean as a metaphor to explain his crime drama. Line:

Can the water in the ocean wash the blood off my hands? No, it's my blood that will dye all the sea water red.

Turn it from green to crimson. ? Macbeth, Act II, Scene II. In a word, this paper thinks that Shakespeare mainly used the following three methods: first, he integrated rich life experience and keen observation into the fantasy of true feelings; The other is to combine abstract emotion with truth? Image is to make full use of various rhetorical devices,

Change? Make his language personalized and vivid.

References:

Complete works of Marx and Engels [Beijing: People's Publishing House,1m] .45438+0973.108. Remembering Marx and Engles [Beijing: People's Publishing House, 2m] .39558.000060060605 [Literature] [Beijing: People's Publishing House]

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