The taste is sour, astringent and cold.
Component bark and leaves all contain tannins. The content of bark is 7.25% ~19.55%.
Pharmacology has inhibitory effects on hemolytic Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Functions: clearing away heat and toxic materials, astringing, stopping bleeding and relieving pain (all for external use, not for internal use).