Shallot, also known as: green onion, fine shallot, northern onion, fire onion. Latin name: Allium ascalonicum. Lily family, genus Allium, bulb aggregates, rectangular-ovate, narrowly ovate or ovate terete; bulb outer skin reddish-brown, purplish-red to yellowish-white, membranous or thinly leathery, not ruptured. Leaves are hollow cylindrical, acuminate toward the tip, dark green, often slightly whitish. The plant is small, the leaves are extremely fine and tender, with a fresh, slightly spicy flavor, mainly used for flavoring and deodorizing. Native to western Asia. More widely cultivated in the south of China. Europe and some parts of Asia are also cultivated.

Basic introduction Chinese name: Allium ascalonicum Latin name: Allium ascalonicum Alias: fire onion, fine onion World: Botany Phylum: Angiosperms Phylum: Monocotyledon Phylum: Phylum Megalobacteria: Liliaceae Family: Liliaceae Group: Allium genus: Allium subgenus: temperate zone Species: Allium species: Allium distribution: Native to central Asia, cultivated in various parts of China Morphological features, distribution, the main value, edible value, medicinal value, food value. Food value, Medicinal value, Cultivation technology, Planting environment, Planting season, Selection of good seeds, Ground preparation and basic fertilizer, Sowing seedlings, Transplanting and planting, Field management, Pest control, Planting management, Sowing at the right time, Fine ground preparation, Planting at the right time, Shallow water and diligent irrigation, Prevention of diseases and pests, Balcony planting, Screening of herbicides, Morphological features The plant is 20-44 cm tall. Bulbs aggregated, rectangular-ovate, narrowly ovate, or ovate- terete; tunic reddish brown, purplish red, yellowish red to yellowish white, membranous or thinly leathery, not ruptured. Leaves hollow cylindric, acuminate toward tip, dark green, often slightly whitish. It does not flower under cultivation and is propagated by bulb division. However, it is capable of flowering and fruiting in the wild. It prefers cooler climates, and is relatively easy to grow as it is cold and heat tolerant. Distribution Native to western Asia. It is more widely cultivated in the south of China. It is also cultivated in some parts of Europe and Asia. Scallions Main values Edible value Promote digestion and absorption: Scallions also *** the body's secretion of digestive juices, can strengthen the spleen and stomach, improve appetite . Can reduce the fishy smell of food: animal food is generally fishy substances, especially aquatic products, the smell is prominent. As the freshness of the food decreases and increases, these odors not only make people sick, but also can be harmful to human health when consumed. Cooking to fishy methods, according to the degree of odor of raw materials. Comprehensive use of some measures. To achieve the purpose of fishy odor. Scallion rolls: Ingredients: 300 grams of flour; cooked lard; yeast; green onion oil; scallion; pretzels; Scallion rolls Practice: 1, yeast dissolved in warm water, flour and dough with lard, kneaded into a smooth relatively soft dough. 2, covered with plastic wrap in a warm place to ferment 2 times large. 3, exhaust rolled into a rectangular slice, smeared with green onion oil, pretzels, sprinkled with scallions, and then rolled out. 4: Fold in half and cut with a spatula into long strips. Scallion Omelette: Ingredients: 2 eggs, 5 scallions, salt Scallion Omelette Directions: 1, eggs into the bowl of chopped scallions, add the right amount of salt and mix well. 2, start the pan, oil is hot, pour into the egg mixture, fry until 2 sides of the golden brown. PS: 1, the oil temperature is not too high; 2, after pouring, high heat to medium-low heat; (so as not to burn paste) 3, like to eat spicy can add a little chopped chili; (I often do this) 4, this practice can also be used with green peppers, leeks, vegetable beds, corn, ham grains, are very tasty! 5, smaller pan is more convenient, you can directly shake the reverse side, not easy to break. Tofu with scallions: Cuisine and Efficacy: Private Dining School Age Recipes Teenager Recipes Menopause Recipes Osteoporosis Recipes Technique: Chili Preparation Ingredients Ingredients: Tofu (South) Tofu 250g, green onions 100g Seasoning: 25g of sesame oil, 3g of salt, 1g of monosodium glutamate Featured A green, white, fresh and tasty. Scallion Food Practice 1, cut the tofu into 1 cm square pieces, put into a bowl, poured into the boiling water soaking hot, and then into the cool water to cool, drain the water, put into the plate; scallion clean, cut into round short sections. 2, the salt, taste of the sprinkle on the tofu, and then put the scallion short sections, poured with hot sesame oil, mix well. Pickled Sour: Methods: Wash the root and soak it in a glass jar with soy sauce for about 3 weeks to be used, is a good food to relieve summer heat, usually accompanied by porridge to use, but also can be used directly as a condiment. Medicinal value antipyretic, expectorant scallion volatile oil and other active ingredients, with *** body sweat glands, to achieve the role of sweating; scallion oil *** upper respiratory tract, so that mucus phlegm easy to cluck out. antimicrobial, antiviral scallions contain allicin, with obvious resistance to bacteria, viruses, especially dysentery bacilli and skin fungi inhibitory effect is stronger. anti-cancer scallions contained pectin, can significantly reduce the occurrence of colon cancer, anti-cancer effect, scallions within the allicin can also inhibit the growth of cancer cells. Preventing colds, headaches, and nasal congestion Scallions contain glucose, fructose, maltose, and other sugars, as well as a small amount of starch and cellulose. Cure branch headache has a role in vascular sclerosis, hardening of the arteries. Cultivation techniques Planting environment Requirements for the environment. Onion like cool climate, cold and heat resistance are strong, germination temperature for 13-20 ℃, stem and leaf growth temperature 18-23 ℃, root growth suitable for ground temperature 14-18 ℃, in the temperature 28 ℃ above the growth rate is slow. Because of the shallow distribution of the root system, the water requirement is less than onion, but does not tolerate drought, suitable for soil humidity of 70% -80%, suitable for air humidity of 60% -70%. Requirements for light conditions of medium intensity, in strong light conditions, the organization is easy to aging, fiber increase, quality deterioration. Suitable for loose, fertile, drainage and watering are convenient loam and heavy loam plot planting, not suitable for planting in sandy land, need nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and trace elements balanced supply, can not be a single application of nitrogen fertilizer. Planting season The open ground is planted in spring and fall; protected areas can be planted all year round except in summer; Yanqing, Huairou, Miyun and other northern mountainous areas can be covered with shade netting in summer. Generally 60-80 days after sowing harvest, 30 days after transplanting can be harvested. Parsnip planting Choose a good seed Choose a variety with a strong flavor of purple flowers, to the four seasons of small parsnip and Fujian fine parsnip performance is better, the formation of the base fertilizer Whether sowing seedlings or transplanted plots of land should be fine formation and full of base fertilizer. Each acre of rotting, finely chopped organic fertilizer 3000 kilograms or expanding rotting chicken manure more than 1000 kilograms; made 1.5 meters wide, 8-10 meters long bed, summer and low-lying flood-prone plots should be made 15-20 cm above the ground into raised beds, surrounded by a drainage ditch. scallions sowing seedlings using strip sowing or sowing way, strip sowing spacing 10 cm, mulch 1.5-2 cm thick; 2-4 kg of seed per acre, to prevent underground pests, before sowing with phoxim mixed with sifted fine soil sprinkled on the surface of the bed, can also be used to trichlorfon mixed with fried wheat bran made of Poison bait, in the evening, sprinkled on the seedbed after sowing, watering the bottom moisture water. Transplanting planting 40-50 days after sowing can be transplanted, every 8-10 plants a hole, row spacing 12-20 cm, hole spacing 8-10 cm, shallow should not be deep, to 4-6 cm is appropriate, timely watering planting water. It can also be harvested directly after sowing without transplanting. Field management Before and after the emergence of seedlings and transplanting after the survival of the soil can not be drought, it is appropriate to small water watering, seedlings 1-3 leaf period and transplanting after slowing down the control of watering, plowing and loosening of the soil 1-2 times to promote the growth of the root system, and later on, generally 7-10 days of watering once. If the base fertilizer application is low, or the harvest period is too long to 1-2 times of fertilizer, per mu application of 300 kg of rotted expanded chicken manure, scattered in the rows and timely plowing, such as the opening of the hole to apply better results. Later roots should be cultivated 1-2 times. In summer, the temperature is high, strong light, to build a trellis covering the shade net. Scallion planting Pest control There are mainly downy mildew, gray mold, purple spot disease and thrips, leaf miner flies and other hazards. Agricultural control and physical control methods should be used to prevent the occurrence of heavy occurrence of biological or low-toxicity, low-residue pesticides can be used to prevent and control, the application of pesticides should be added to the "anti-anti liquid" or "effectiveness of pesticide additives such as increase" to increase the spread of the leaf. Cultivation management Onion, because of the strong flavor, can *** appetite. In the daily recipe, there are often "dishes onion, ginger, garlic, flavor accounted for most of the" said, visible, the market demand for scallions more and more strong. In the crop layout of suburban areas, the proportion of scallions is increasing, and the position is gradually improving. Although the adaptability of the shallot is broader, can be planted throughout the year, but due to different levels of cultivation, the yield of high and low varies greatly, low mu yield of less than 1,000 kilograms of onions, high mu yield of up to 2,000 - 2,500 kilograms. Comprehensive onion cultivation experience around the world, especially concentrated onion-producing areas of experience, in the technical points, should grasp the following links. Seeding at the right time to regulate the temperature in the 4 - 5 ℃ temperature conditions, shallot seeds can sprout, germination of the appropriate temperature for 13 - 20 ℃, the appropriate temperature for the growth of 10 - 25 ℃, the optimal temperature for 15 - 20 ℃. Summer high temperature, available shade net cover cooling, winter can be used to cover the film or sown in small arches, can increase the temperature to promote its full seedling. Selected seed germination rate should be more than 75%, less than 50% of the seed is not suitable for seed. Fine ground preparation, fertilization and soil modification Onion is suitable for growth in loose and fertile soil, avoiding the survival of the soil in the plate knot. Before sowing and planting scallions, the ground should be fully turned over and sun-dried to minimize the base number of pests and diseases. Generally, we should use rotted organic fertilizer as a bottom fertilizer, 2000 - 2500 kg per mu of bar manure. For susceptible to pests and diseases of the plot, advocate the application of "Huimanfeng" refined organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer can prevent heavy crop obstacles. Apply 50 kg of "Huimanfeng" refined organic fertilizer per mu, or 0.50 - 0.60 kg of fertilizer. Timely planting moderate compartments, dense planting shallow planting onion compartments should not be too wide and long, generally compartment width 1.50 - 0.20 meters appropriate, compartment length 20 - 30 meters appropriate. Too wide is not conducive to management, too long is not conducive to drainage. Regardless of planting propagation or seedling transplanted onions, the depth of planting should be shallow rather than deep, the density should be dense rather than sparse. Transplanting depth of 6 - 7 cm, density of about 200 plants per square meter. scallions shallow water irrigation thin fertilizer light scallions short reproductive period, stubble number, conversion fast. Direct seedling 60 - 80 days to market, transplanted seedlings 30 - 40 days to market. After planting to shallow water irrigation, neither drought, can not be stained. General 10 - 15 days watering once. Dilute water manure according to 10% - 20% of the concentration of follow-up, urea according to 0.20% of the concentration of follow-up. Prevention of diseases and insects to reduce the pollution of onion diseases are mainly downy mildew, soft rot, etc., pests are mainly onion aphid, red spider, leaf miner fly and so on. In order to reduce pollution, it is feasible to use 2% of Suavi or 1.50% Sudan and other highly effective low-residue pesticides to kill insects, 50 grams of water per mu 50 kg spray. For diseases, you can use 1:500 times of 25% methomyl or 1:500 times of 70% Dyson Manganese Zinc and other sprays. Balcony planting Balcony planting: parsnips can be planted all year round, planting method is simple, and fast-growing, usually often used as a seasoning dish, the most suitable at home. Parsnips - Seedling: can be propagated by sowing, but bulb planting is preferred. Seedling with bulbs: often carried out in April-May or September-October, usually planted with bulbs retained from the previous year, but also with rooted bulbs purchased from the market (cut off the leaves before planting, do not cut into the white leaf sheaths) to plant. Every 2-3 bulbs as a share of planting into the soil, spacing about 10 cm, should not be planted too deep, bulbs slightly exposed to the surface of the soil, and then watered thoroughly, after the survival of the normal management can enter. It is best to use fresh seeds, as their life span is only about 2 years. Often sown in March -, April, can also be sown in September ~ 1 0 months, germination temperature 1 3 ~ 20 ~ C. ① will be sown on the soil surface, mulch about 1 ~ 2 cm, watered thoroughly, the temperature is suitable for germination in about 2 weeks. ② Seedling growth is relatively slow, about 4 ~ 5 weeks after germination can be transplanted planting, every 8 ~ 10 plants as a bush planting and watering, or can not be transplanted. Onion - daily management: ① shallow root system, not very drought-resistant, not flood-tolerant, must keep the soil moist, suitable for soil humidity 70% ~ 80%, usually watered once a week. ② do not tolerate strong fertilizer, leaf clusters can be sprayed when the growth of weak rotting organic fertilizer, should not be partial application of nitrogen fertilizer. scallions ③ light requirements are not strict, summer shade to avoid exposure to the sun, too much light is not good taste; like cool and not heat-resistant, the growth of the temperature of 1 8 ~ 23 ℃, 2 8 ℃ or 1 2 ~ C below the growth of slow, high temperatures in summer, easy to hibernate. Onion - Harvesting: Leaves can be harvested for consumption when the leaf clusters are flourishing, just remove the leaves above the leaf sheath by hand, and the smaller leaves in the center can be retained and allowed to continue to grow. When most of the leaves turn yellow, dig out the bulbs, dry the leaves and place them in a ventilated place for storage, and the bulbs can be used for further propagation Herbicide screening In view of the serious problem of weed damage in onion production, different herbicide treatments were set up to screen herbicides suitable for use in onion production. The results showed that 96% Jindul, 50% isoproturon, the special herbicide produced by Jiangsu Lixiahe Regional Agricultural Research Institute, and the mixture of 50% isoproturon and the special herbicide all had good effects on weed control. However, among the doses set in the experiment, 96% Jindul and 50% isopropyl had a certain effect on the growth of shallots, reducing the yield by more than 10% to a significant level, and the treatment of 50% isopropyl mixed with the special herbicide had the greatest effect on the production of shallots, resulting in drug damage and a highly significant reduction of the yield by more than 50%. Specialized herbicide treatments had no significant adverse effects on the growth of shallots, and the yield reduction was not significant. More reductions