Pseudosciaena crocea can make a strong intermittent sound, and it is also very sensitive to sound. Its main vocal organs are the swim bladder and its vocal muscles on both sides. When the vocal muscles contract, pressing the internal organs makes the swim bladder vibrate and produce sound. In the breeding season, fish make "giggles" and "whoops" all day long, which is rare in fish. This kind of sound is generally considered as a means for fish to communicate, and it is used as a signal for fish to gather during reproductive period. Fishermen in China have long used this habit to judge the size, habitat and location of large yellow croaker, so as to facilitate fishing.
The spawning ground is generally located in the shallow waters near the estuary and the inshore low-salinity waters of the inner bay, and the water depth is generally less than 2m in the East China Sea and the Yellow Sea, but the deepest spawning ground in Daiquyang is 2-3m, and it is less than 3m in the South China Sea. The water color is turbid, the transparency is mostly within 1 meter, and the bottom material is soft mud or muddy sand sea area. There are about 1 spawning grounds for Pseudosciaena crocea along the coast of China, including Lv Siyang in Jiangsu, Daiquyang, Dayuyang, Maotouyang, Damuyang and Yueqing Bay in Zhejiang, Guanjingyang and Dongyin Fishing Ground in Fujian, Nan 'ao Fishing Ground and Naozhou Island Fishing Ground in Guangdong. When the water temperature of spawning ground rises to 15 ~ 17℃ in spring, Pseudosciaena crocea begins to spawn in groups, and the fishing season ends when the water temperature of spawning ground in Zhejiang reaches 17 ~ 19℃ and above 2℃ (21 ~ 22℃ in Lvsiyang and 22 ~ 24℃ in Guanjingyang) in prosperous season. The salinity range of spawning ground is 28 ~ 31 in Lvsiyang and Guanjingyang, and 17 ~ 28 in Daiquyang and Dayuyang. Pseudosciaena crocea can lay eggs many times in its life, and generally ovulate 2 ~ 3 times during the reproductive period. The number of eggs conceived is directly proportional to the individual size, ranging from 1, to 2,75,, and generally ranging from 2, to 5,. The egg is floating, spherical, with a diameter of 1.19 ~ 1.55 mm, a smooth egg membrane and a colorless oil ball with a diameter of .35 ~ .46 mm. It takes about 5 hours for fertilized eggs to hatch into larvae at 18℃. The age composition of each local group is different, and the life span and sexual maturity age of individuals in each group are also different: the life span of individuals in the northern and central groups of the East China Sea is the longest, and the oldest fish is 29 years old, but the age of sexual maturity is late, and a few are 2 years old, generally 3-4 years old. The life span of Pseudosciaena crocea in western Guangdong is the shortest, and the oldest fish is only 9 years old, but the age of sexual maturity is the earliest. A few individuals begin to mature at 1 year old, and most individuals are 2 ~ 3 years old. Pseudosciaena crocea in Fujian and eastern Guangdong is between the above two groups, the oldest fish is 17 years old, and the abundant mature individuals is 2 ~ 3 years old. The largest individual of Pseudosciaena crocea can reach 755 mm in length and weigh 3.8 kg.
Braised large yellow flowers
In spring, the water temperature along the coast of China increases, and the fish swim from the wintering ground to the shallow sea near the coastal estuary to breed. The wintering areas in the northern and central parts of the East China Sea are the overwintering sites outside the river and boat, the overwintering sites in Zhejiang and Fujian coastal waters, and the overwintering sites in Dasha and Shawai. Parent fish form a large group in the middle and late April, and migrate westward from the deep-water wintering area into the spawning grounds such as Lvsiyang, Daiquyang and Dayanyang. The spawning period is from May to June. After spawning, the parent fish are scattered in the sea area around islands and estuaries for feeding and fattening. In September, there were smaller fish schools that laid eggs in Jiangsu and Zhejiang coastal areas, forming autumn flood season. In late autumn and early winter, the coastal water temperature drops, and large yellow croaker returns to the wintering sea area. The northern groups of Fujian and Yuedong mainly spawn in Mindong Fishing Ground, all the way to Dongyin Fishing Ground from late April to mid-May, and the other way to Sandu 'ao Inner Bay from late April to mid-June via Baiquan Islands and Mazu Island in 3-4 batches, and spawn in Guanjingyang during the spring tide from mid-May to mid-June. At the end of autumn and the beginning of winter, the fish scattered around for bait began to form a flood season of large yellow croaker in autumn and winter in the area of Sishen Islands. After that, as the water temperature dropped, some fish swam to the warm water of the 6-meter isobath for the winter, and some fish continued to swim to the south of the Sishen Islands. The reproductive migration of the southern group of Fujian and Yuedong started earlier in the coastal waters east of the Pearl River Estuary. In January, the fish began to concentrate in Shanwei from the open sea and migrated to the northeast. In February and March, they arrived in Jiazi and Shenquan, and formed a fishing season in the northeast and southeast fishing grounds of Nan 'ao Island, which ended in April. Since August, the autumn flood season, fish schools have entered the coast of Guangdong from the southern coast of Fujian and migrated from northeast to southwest. It arrived in Raoping offshore and southwest coast of Nan 'ao Island in September, appeared in Shenquan and Jiazi in October, arrived in Shanwei in November, was near Pinghai and Aotou (inside and outside Daya Bay) in December, and began to escape to the sea in January. In early October, the colony of western Guangdong swam from Wuchuan and other places to the south and north spawning grounds of Naozhou Island, and the spawning season was < P > in November. After spawning, it was divided into small groups and turned to deep water to inhabit, and the autumn flood ended. In the following spring flood season, flocks began to gather in the south of Naozhou Island to spawn, and it was prosperous in March, and the water temperature rose in early April, which was in the spring rain period. The salinity of the shallow water in the coastal estuary decreased obviously, making it unsuitable for Pseudosciaena crocea to inhabit, and the fish quickly left, which ended the spring flood season.