Pinyin: lóu? ancient

Orthoptera (Gryllotamidae) is a general term for about 65 species of insects, which live underground and can drill 15 in wet soil. 20 centimeters deep. The front foot is suitable for shoveling soil, and the body is cylindrical, with a pointed head and a fluffy body. With wings, you can go out of the hole at night. Oviposition tube is not prominent. Lay eggs in soil holes, and store plants in the holes as food for hatching nymphs. European mole cricket (Gryllotalpa? Gryllotalpa has the habit of protecting eggs and nymphs, and eats plant roots, which will damage crops and gardens when it occurs in large quantities. ?

Insecta, Orthoptera, Grylloidea, Gryllotapidae. Large terrestrial creatures. The antenna is shorter than the body, the front foot is digging, and there is no ovipositor. Undergraduate insects are commonly known as crickets. Common name Lala, local dog. There are about 50 species known all over the world. There are four known species in China: North China, Africa (it should be the Oriental world, which is found all over the country, usually in the east of Jiangnan), Europe and Taiwan Province Province.

Long and narrow. The head is small and conical. The compound eye is small and prominent, with 2 single eyes. The front chest backboard is oval, the back is raised like a shield, and both sides extend downward, almost wrapping the basal segment of the forefoot. The forefoot is characterized by a thick and short structure, the base joint is extremely short and wide, the leg joint is slightly bent and flaky, and the tibial joint is short and triangular, with strong spikes, which is convenient for excavation. There are 1 cracks on the inside of the hearing device. The front wing is short, the male can sing, the pronunciation mirror is not perfect, and the Yangtze River delta cavity is formed only by oblique veins and oblique veins. The final net area is small, and the female ovipositor degenerates.

Usually at night, but when the temperature is suitable, you can also exercise during the day. When the relative humidity of soil is 22 ~ 27%, the damage of North China mole cricket is the most serious. The soil is dry, with little activity and little harm. Adults have phototaxis. When the temperature is between 18 ~ 22℃ in summer and autumn and the wind speed is less than 1.5 m/s, a large number of crickets can be attracted by lights at night. Gryllotals can run backwards, especially in caves. Both adults and nymphs are good at swimming, while females have the habit of protecting eggs and nursing young. What if bugs come? At the age of 4, you can move independently. The occurrence of crickets is closely related to the environment, and they often inhabit plains, light saline-alkali land, low wetland areas along rivers, seas and lakes, especially sandy loam and areas rich in humus.

North China mole cricket has a long life history, 2 ~ 3 years 1 generation. Overwintering with adults and nymphs in the soil, the depth is1~16m. Every hole 1 worm, bow your head. The following year, the temperature rose and began to move, and a tunnel of about 10 cm grew on the surface. African crickets only raise a pile of virtual soil or short tunnels at the top of the cave. June to July is the peak season for spawning, and it is mostly found in sunny, high and dry places near ridges and weirs in light saline-alkali areas. Dozens or more eggs are laid in piles in an egg chamber with a depth of 15 ~ 30 cm. Each insect lays 80 ~ 809 eggs in its lifetime, with an average of 4 17 eggs. The egg period is 10 ~ 26 days. 10 ~ 1 1 month overwinters in 8 ~ 9 instar nymph, overwinters in 12 ~ 13 instar nymph in the second year, overwinters as adults in the third year and lays eggs in June of the fourth year. African crickets are completed in Huanghuai area in about 2 years 1 generation, and in the south of Yangtze River 1 year 1 generation. The spawning habit is similar to that of North China mole cricket, which tends to wet areas and is concentrated near rivers, ponds and ditches. The egg period is 15 ~ 28 days. In Huanghuai area, the adult nymph overwinters at the age of 4-7, the nymph overwinters at the age of 8-9, overwinters as an adult in summer and autumn of the following year, and lays eggs in May-June of the third year.

Living under the mole cricket camp, eating newly sown seeds and biting the roots of crops are very harmful to crop seedlings and are important underground pests. They usually live underground and move underground at night and early in the morning. Tunnel is formed in the soil, so that the young roots of crops leave the soil and die due to water loss. Gryllotalps have complex feeding habits, which are harmful to grains, vegetables and saplings. African mole cricket also harms rice in the south. Taiwan Province province's mole cricket destroyed Taiwan Province province's sugar cane. According to foreign records, some species also feed on other terrestrial animals. Such as grubs, earthworms and so on.

Control method: 1, agricultural control

2, chemical control: a, poison bait; B, pile horse manure? C, poisonous soil

3, light trapping, set up a black light to trap adults.

4. Dig a nest to kill insects (eggs)

Attached with Chinese medicine Gryllotalpa:

Explanation:? Flies, bugs, bugs, fairies, stone rats, Wu rats, Du dogs.

Smell:? Salty, cold and non-toxic.

⑩:？ 1, edema disease (abdominal distension, shortness of breath, inability to lie down). Bake five pieces of mole cricket into powder, and take one yuan with boiling water before meals to make urine smooth. Add one yuan at the end of Gansui and one spoonful of Phytolacca acinosa juice to avoid salt for a hundred days. The other side: If it's inconvenient, cut it off with a mole and bake it. Half a dollar of water and a tape will go. Another prescription: use a mole cricket and seven grape hearts, mash them, expose them to the sun overnight, dry them in the sun, grind them into powder, and send them with wine. Another prescription: collect crickets in the shade in summer, divide them into parts, abdomen and tail, store them after baking, and treat upper body edema for seven purposes; Treating edema in the middle part of the body with abdominal terminal seven; Treat edema of the lower body, take seven pills at the end of the tail before meals and take them with wine. ?

2, abdominal edema. Heat with crickets and eat ten a day. Another prescription: grinding Radix Euphorbiae, Flos Genkwa, Radix Kansui and Radix et Rhizoma Rhei into powder. Take seven crickets, add mashed onions, bake them on new tiles, remove wings and feet, and cut them in half. When the edema on the left side disappears, bake seven pieces on the left side of the worm, add the above powder, and fry bamboo leaves and asparagus at dawn to stimulate taking. Three days later, take pictures.

This method takes seven pieces from the right side of the worm. ?

3, nasal water (head and face breast swelling is heavier). Use a mole. Calomel is divided into two halves and ground into powder. Take less each time and put it in the nose, with yellow water as the best effect. ?

4. The stone hurts. Bake seven crickets and two ounces of salt on a new tile and grind them into powder. Drink a spoonful of warm wine at a time. ?

5, unreasonable defecation. With seven moles and seven dung beetles, the male takes the worm's head and the female takes the worm's body, baking it on a tile and grinding it into powder. Eat it with boiled skin and fried juice. Extremely effective. ?

6, the afterbirth is not enough. Boil a mole cricket in water for 20 times and pour it in. ?

7.toothache. Use a mole, wrap it in old bad, wrap it in wet paper, simmer it with slow fire, remove the bad, grind it into powder, and apply it to the affected area.

Alias viper, viper, lonely

Gryphon, an insect from Gryphon family? Africa? Palisseau? et？ Borova or G? unispina？ All the adults in Saussure. Catch in summer and autumn, blanch in boiling water and dry in the sun.

Primitive form?

The body length is round, fawn or dark brown, and the whole body is densely covered with short and soft hair. The female worm is about 3 cm long and the male worm is slightly smaller. Chinese fir is sharp at the front and blunt at the back, and most of its head is covered by chest plate. The antenna is filiform, reaching the posterior margin of the chest, spreading at node 1 and tapering below node 2. A pair of compound eyes, oval and yellowish brown; There are 3 obvious monocular eyes behind the medial side of the compound eye. The mouth is developed and you can chew. The chest backboard is hard and swollen, oval, with a 1 concave longitudinal groove in the center of the back, about 5 mm long. 2 pairs of wings, the front wing is leathery, short and yellowish brown, only reaching the center of the abdomen, slightly triangular; The hind wings are large, the membrane is transparent, light yellow and the wings are reticulate. At rest, they curl and fold like tails, exceeding the abdomen. There are three pairs of feet, the front foot is particularly large, the base joint is round, the leg joint is strong and slightly flat, the tibial joint is flat and hard, and there are four pointed teeth at the tip. The upper two teeth are bigger than Qi Baishi's meticulous painting and can move, thus forming a digging foot, which is suitable for digging caves and tunnels. The hind leg joint is large, and there are 3 ~ 4 movable spines on the inner edge of the back of tibiofibular joint. The abdomen is spindle-shaped, the back is brown, and the abdomen is pale and yellowish brown. There are bristles bent inward on both sides of the back of the last two joints, and there are two tail hairs on the last joint that protrude from the body surface.

Living in wet and warm sandy soil, especially in the land where a lot of organic fertilizer has been applied. Spring and autumn are the most active seasons. At night, they often go out to dig vertical and horizontal tunnels and hide in caves during the day. Strong phototaxis, can fly.

Habitat distribution is distributed in most parts of the country. Location: Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Shandong, Hebei, Anhui, Liaoning and other places.

Most of the dry worms are broken and incomplete. A complete one is about 3 cm long, and the head and chest are dark brown with dark brown; Compound eyes are black and shiny; The wing is membranous, broken and broken, the foot is also broken and incomplete, and the abdomen is wrinkled, light yellow, and some are dark brown. Sparsely pubescent, or glabrous, soft and fragile. There is a peculiar smell. It is best to be dry, complete and free of impurities and dirt.

Hemolymph contains 13 kinds of free amino acids, among which alanine, histidine and valine are higher. The free amino acids in testis are alanine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, glycine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, proline, serine, tyrosine and valine, among which proline has the highest concentration and aspartic acid, serine and tyrosine have the lowest. Amino acids in urine include cystine, lysine, arginine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, glycine and unknown amino acids. These amino acids also belong to hemolymph. Arginine and lysine were not found in seminal vesicle.

Pharmacological action the suspension of mole cricket powder can not prove its diuretic effect on rabbits by gavage. After long-term feeding, the mole cricket is harmless to rabbits and mice.

Process, remove impurities, remove wings and feet, or bake until brown.

The taste is salty and cool. A little poisonous. Bladder meridian, large intestine meridian and small intestine meridian.

Return to stomach meridian and bladder meridian.

① Southern Yunnan Materia Medica: "Entering the stomach."

2 Materia Medica seeks truth: "Into the stomach."

(3) Medicinal solution of Sorbus pohuashanensis: "Entering the Sun Meridian."

Functional indication

Diuretic, laxative. Treat edema, stranguria, dysuria, scrofula and carbuncle.

(1) Classic: "The Lord is suffering from childbirth, and the flesh is prickly, festering and swollen, choking and choking, detoxifying and removing evil sores."

2 "Rihuazi Herbal Medicine": "Treating head and face malignant sores and edema."

③ Zhu Zhenheng: "Treat aphtha."

(4) Outline: "Facilitate urination, relieve stranguria, treat scrofula, and treat osteopathy."

⑤ "Sorbus pohuashanensis": "Clearing away dampness and heat."

Usage and dosage? 3 ~ 5, baked and ground into powder, and served with yellow wine or warm water.

Pay attention to physical weakness and taboos for pregnant women.

Note (1) is used for abdominal edema, dysuria and other solid symptoms, and it can be combined with spurge and Daphne genkwa. If it is used to treat urinary incontinence, it can be baked with mole cricket, ground while it is hot, and taken with yellow wine or boiled water.

Excerpted from the National Collection of Chinese Herbal Medicine

Mole's "dialect"?

The "dialect" of the mole cricket, also called Laragu, is an underground agricultural pest, which drills around in the soil. In areas with loose soil, the occurrence is particularly large and activities are rampant. Drill into the ground and bite the roots of crops, resulting in crop death. Goo goo is mainly active at night, and you can often hear a goo goo sound, which is a male chorus, because only the wings of male crickets can rub out the sound. In fact, they are singing love songs to attract crickets to meet and have children. The silent and shy mole cricket girl is often moved by this beautiful song and climbs up to the male mole cricket. Of course, the only consequence of their love is to increase the number of local crickets and increase the damage to crops. Recently, entomologists in China have tried a method of acoustic lure in order to exterminate the mole cricket, that is, using a sensitive tape recorder, the love songs sung by the male mole cricket are recorded first, and played at high volume in the field at night if necessary. Inspired by this magnificent and affectionate song, the mole cricket girls rushed to the tape recorder in droves, but the crops were protected. However, when entomologists play love songs of crickets everywhere, they find a new problem, that is, the number of "listeners" varies from place to place. For example, a love song tape sung by a Beijing mole boy, if played near Beijing, will win the favor of women and be eagerly anticipated, but if played in Henan, it will not be favored by local mole girls. It turns out that the girls there don't understand or like Beijing love songs. They only like the love songs sung by the mole in Henan. Because of the dialect differences of the mole cricket, it is necessary to indicate the singer's native place on the tape box to avoid misunderstanding and affect the benefits. ?

Breeding technology of mole cricket

(1) morphological characteristics? Gryllotalpa belongs to Orthoptera, Gryllotalpidae, commonly known as Lara Gryllotalpa and Eupolyphaga. Incomplete pervert. ? The mole cricket's antenna is shorter than its body, and its forefoot is wide and thick, which is suitable for digging and belongs to the end of the tibiofibular joint of the forefoot.

The end is palm-shaped, with 4 teeth and 3 hocks. There is a cleft auditory organ inside the base of tibiofibular joint of forefoot. There is no change in the midfoot, and the hind foot joint of the general walking foot is underdeveloped. The covering wing is short, the posterior wing is membranous, fan-shaped, wide and soft. The tail and beard are long. The ovipositor of the female insect is not exposed, and she digs a hole in the soil to lay eggs, and the number of eggs can reach 200 ~ 400. Female insects have the habit of protecting eggs after laying eggs. The newly hatched nymph is raised by the mother insect and does not leave the mother insect until one year old. There are two kinds of crickets in Chinese mainland: African crickets? Africa? Pal.de？ Beauvois), distributed all over the country, has 3 ~ 4 movable spines on the dorsal inner edge of the tibiofibular joint of the foot; East China? unispina？ Sauss), distributed in East China, has or does not have movable spines on the back inner edge of the tibiofibular joint of the foot.

(2) medicinal value? The medicinal part of the mole cricket is the dry adult of the mole cricket. Larger nymphs can also be used as medicine. When collecting insects or trapping them by light, they should be scalded to death with boiling water as soon as possible, dried or dried for later use, but mildew and moth-eaten should be prevented. There are also records of burying live insects in lime and baking them for later use. ? Gryllotalpa has the functions of diuresis, detumescence and detoxification. Oral administration of 5g ~ 10g can relieve edema, induce diuresis and treat traumatic injury. Can be used for treating abscess and sore toxin. In the process of animal experiments, it was found that the insect was slightly toxic, but it did not have obvious diuretic effect.

(3) the breeding technology of the mole cricket? North China and Africa are used for Chinese herbal medicine. In natural environmental mirrors, both of them appear in large numbers. In the field, the light-induced method can often achieve good results, which is enough to meet the requirements of drug supply. However, with the continuous improvement of agricultural pest control techniques and pesticides and application methods, the population of crickets, as one of the important underground pests, has decreased significantly. In order to ensure the supply of medicinal materials, manual feeding must be carried out under the condition of mastering the market information of medicinal materials. ? For group rearing of crickets, it is best to use a large-scale breeding pond with a length of 300 cm, a width of 200 cm and a depth of more than 200 cm. The pond is made of bricks, leveled with cement, and the bottom is filled with loam with a thickness of 100cm, which is slightly compacted to create an environment for deep wintering or excavation for spawning and parenting. Then fill in 20 cm thick moist loose soil containing farmyard manure or humus to adapt to the habit of "wet but not dry" and "loose but not hard" of the mole cricket; Sprinkle a layer of fermented horse manure, broken straw, chaff, etc. On the surface, it acts as a protective layer for adults and nymphs to sneak into, dig tunnels, feed, mate or avoid natural enemy attacks; Loosely put a long layer of wheat straw, corn cob, straw, etc. Used for shading and moisturizing. Cover the pond with iron window screens to prevent adults from escaping at night. ?

suggestion

There is a saying in Xunzi: "The flying mouse is poor in skills", which is actually a mole. It has five skills: flying, swimming, digging holes and walking. But the front wings are short and can't fly over the roof; The front legs can be dug, but you can't feed on soil; Can climb but can't climb the roof; You can swim in water, but you can't swim in the river; Can walk, but can't run fast.