Jiuquan, Gansu is located in the western end of the Hexi Corridor in northwestern Gansu Province, between the Arjinshan Mountains, Qilian Mountains and Horsehair Mountains (Beishan).

The geographic location is between 38°09′ and 42°48′ north latitude and 92°20′ and 100°20′ east longitude. In addition to a small portion of the north and Mongolia border, most of the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Alashan League, west of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, south of Haixi Mongol Autonomous Prefecture and Haibei Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in Qinghai Province, east of Zhangye City. It is about 680 kilometers long from east to west and 550 kilometers wide from north to south, with a total area of 192,000 square kilometers, accounting for 42% of the area of Gansu Province.

The stratigraphy in Jiuquan City belongs to three stratigraphic (Tianshan-Inner Mongolia, Tarim, and North China) divisions, which are, in order from the oldest to the newest, the following: the Lower Metamorphic, the Middle Metamorphic, the Upper Metamorphic, the Cambrian, the Ordovician, the Ordovician-Shiruian, the Shiruian, the Devonian, and the Carboniferous.

Climatic Characteristics

Jiuquan City is a semi-desert arid climate, characterized by arid climate with little precipitation, strong evaporation and long sunshine, cold winters and hot summers with a big difference in temperature, and a cool autumn and spring with drought and sandy winds. Temperature: the lowest year-round temperature is -31.6℃, the average annual temperature is 7.9℃, and there is a big temperature difference between day and night. The dominant wind direction throughout the year is the southwest wind, followed by the east wind and northwest wind.

The maximum wind speed is 26 meters per second, and the average wind speed is 2.3 meters per second. The average annual rainfall is 84 millimeters and the maximum rainfall is 158 millimeters, concentrated in June-October, with an average of 62 rainy days per year. The average annual evaporation is 2,141.4 millimeters, exceeding the rainfall by 27.3 times. Relative humidity: maximum 56%, annual average 46%.

Snow: Maximum snow depth is 14 millimeters. The depth of permafrost is 1.32 meters at the coldest time, and the freezing period is usually from November to April. The average annual sunshine hours is 3056.4 hours, and the sunshine percentage is 69% on average, as much as 78% in October.

Refer to Baidu Encyclopedia - Jiuquan City for the above