original text
Cross the border
Wang Changling [Tang Dynasty]
It is still the moon and border pass in Qin and Han dynasties, and the enemy has fought a protracted war.
If Wei Qing, who attacked Longcheng, and Li Guang, the flying general, were alive today, the Huns would not be allowed to go south to spend their horses in Yinshan.
translate
It's still the bright moon border in Qin and Han Dynasties, and Wan Li's husband hasn't come back to defend the border against the enemy.
As long as Li Guang, the flying general of Dragon City, is still there, he will not let the enemy's hands step on the Yinshan Mountain.
To annotate ...
But manufacturing: as long as.
Dragon City Flying Generals: According to the biography of Han Wei Qing and Huo Qubing, in the sixth year of Yuanguang (129 BC), Wei Qing was a general, riding a chariot, went out of the valley to Cage City, where he was beheaded and captured hundreds of people. Yan Shigu noticed that "cage" and "dragon" are the same. Feilong refers to Wei Qing's surprise attack on Dragon City. Some of them think that Flying Dragon City refers to Li Guang, a general of Han Fei. Longcheng was the Lulongcheng in the Tang Dynasty (Lulongcheng was the place where Li Guang trained in the Han Dynasty, located near xifengkou, Hebei Province today, which is the right Beiping County in the Han Dynasty). Throughout his life, Li Guang spent most of his time fighting the Huns to prevent them from plundering the border. This refers to the generals who are brave and good at fighting.
Teacher: make, make.
Huma: refers to foreign cavalry invading the mainland.
Degree: Over.
Yinshan: Located in the middle of Inner Mongolia, north of Hebei.
Creation background
Wang Changling wrote "Out of the Great Wall" when he went to the Western Regions in his early years. Wang Changling lived in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, so in his frontier poems, he can show passionate upward spirit and strong self-confidence in defeating the enemy. However, frequent border wars have also overwhelmed the people and longed for peace, and "Out of the fortress" reflects the people's desire for peace.
Enjoy 1
This is a famous frontier fortress poem, which expresses the poet's desire to be a good general, calm the frontier fortress war as soon as possible and let the people live a stable life.
The poet begins with a description of the scenery, and the first sentence outlines a desolate scene of Leng Yue looking at the border. "The Moon of Qin Dynasty was broken in Han Dynasty" cannot be understood as the Moon of Qin Dynasty was broken in Han Dynasty. Here, Qin, Han, Guan and Yue are used alternately, which is called intertextuality in rhetoric, meaning bright moon in Qin and Han dynasties and Guan in Qin and Han dynasties. The poet hinted that the war here has never stopped since Qin and Han dynasties, highlighting the long time. The second sentence "The Long March has not yet returned" and "Wan Li" mean that the frontier fortress and the mainland are far from Wan Li. Although it is empty, it highlights the vastness of space. The Return of Man reminds people of the disaster brought by the war and expresses the poet's grief and indignation.
How can we get rid of people's difficulties? The poet pinned his hopes on a brilliant general. "But make Longcheng fly, and don't teach Huma to cross the Yinshan Mountain." If Wei Qing, who attacked Liuzhou, and Li Guang, the flying general, were still alive, they would never let the Hu people cavalry cross the Yinshan Mountain. "Dragon City" refers to Wei Qing, a famous soldier who surprised the Xiongnu holy land, and "Flying General" refers to the famous flying general Li Guang. "Flying Generals in Dragon City" is not just a person, but actually refers to Li Jue, who was also a famous anti-Hungarian body double in Han Dynasty. "Don't teach" is not allowed, and the word "teach" is pronounced flat; "Huma" here refers to the cavalry invaded by foreign countries. "crossing Yinshan", crossing Yinshan. Yinshan Mountain is a big mountain range in the east-west direction in the north, and it is the natural barrier of the northern border defense in Han Dynasty. The last two sentences are written implicitly and skillfully, which makes people draw the necessary conclusions by comparing the past.
Although this poem has only four short lines, its content is complicated through the description of frontier fortress scenery and conscription psychology. Have strong sympathy for the soldiers who have been defending for a long time, and have the desire to end this border defense regardless of the situation; At the same time, it also showed dissatisfaction with the court's failure to select and appoint talents, and at the same time paid attention to the overall situation and realized the justice of the war. Therefore, his personal interests are subordinate to the needs of national security, and he issued an oath of "not teaching Huma to turn over the shady mountain", which is full of patriotic passion.
The poet did not describe the frontier fortress scenery in detail, but chose a typical picture of garrison life to reveal the inner world of foot soldiers. Scenery description is only a means to describe the thoughts and feelings of the characters. Han Yuefu and DuDu are integrated into the scenery and saturated with the emotional color of the characters. The complex content is thrown into the four-line poem, which is profound, implicit and intriguing.
Appreciate II
This is a frontier fortress poem lamenting that the country has no elite soldiers. Sing a vigorous and open-minded theme in ordinary language, with smooth momentum and in one go. With vigorous and powerful brushstrokes, the poet made a high artistic summary of the life in the frontier war at that time, and closely combined scenery, narration, lyricism and discussion, casting rich and complex thoughts and feelings in the poem, which made the artistic conception of the poem vigorous and far-reaching, both exciting and intriguing. The evaluation of Plug has always been very high. Li Panlong, a poet in the Ming Dynasty, even praised it as the masterpiece of the four-line quatrains in the Tang Dynasty, and the quatrains in the Tang Dynasty compiled by Yang Shen ranked first.
The first sentence of this poem is the most intriguing. It's about the Han Pass, Mingyue Qin here. Great historical changes have taken place, and the fighting has not stopped. Write two sentences about how many men died in battle and how many tragedies were left behind. Three or four sentences have written the people's wishes for thousands of years, hoping to have a "flying dragon" to calm the chaos and stabilize the border defense. The whole poem sings a profound and open-minded theme in plain language, with smooth momentum and one go, which is amazing to sing. Li Panlong of Amin Dynasty once praised it as a masterpiece of Tang Dynasty, which is not too much.
As a way out of fame. Some intellectuals, most of them have frontier life experience, and their poems mainly describe frontier life, forming the so-called "frontier poetry school". Wang Changling is an important member of this school.
Poetry begins with writing about scenery. "The moon was bright in Qin Dynasty, but closed in Han Dynasty", and the bright moon was shining in Wan Li frontier fortress, showing the vastness of frontier fortress and the depression of scenery. In front of the "Moon" and "Pass", it is decorated with "Qin and Han Dynasties", which has a higher artistic conception and leads us to distant ancient times, which is even more thought-provoking: the border war has been continuous since Qin and Han Dynasties and has continued until now, which has really dragged on for too long! This is a description of the long history of frontier fortress in Time.
In the face of such a scene, people in the frontier feel moved by the scene, and naturally think of countless people who have devoted themselves to the frontier since the Qin and Han Dynasties and have not returned to their deaths. "The Long March has not yet returned" also points out the remoteness of the frontier fortress from a spatial perspective. The "people" here not only refer to the soldiers who died in the battlefield, but also refer to the soldiers who are still holding on and cannot return. "People have not returned" means that the border defense is not consolidated, and the second is sympathy for the foot soldiers. These are two sides of the same question, the former is the cause and the latter is the result. This is a big problem that has not been solved from the Qin Dynasty to the Han Dynasty and even the Tang Dynasty. How to solve this problem? The third and fourth sentences are the poet's answers.
"Only make the Dragon City fly, but don't teach tigers and horses to cross the Yinshan Mountain", which directly expresses the desire of frontier soldiers to consolidate their frontier defense and defend their country: as long as there is a famous soldier like Wei Guang, the enemy cavalry will not cross the Yinshan Mountain. These two sentences speak for themselves. In other words, due to the improper employment of people by the imperial court, the generals were unqualified, which led to the situation of burning eyebrows and people's livelihood.
Although this poem has only four short lines, its content is complicated through the description of frontier fortress scenery and conscription psychology. Have strong sympathy for the soldiers who have been defending for a long time, and have the desire to end this border defense regardless of the situation; At the same time, it also showed dissatisfaction with the court's failure to select and appoint talents, and at the same time paid attention to the overall situation and realized the justice of the war. Therefore, his personal interests are subordinate to the needs of national security, and he issued an oath of "not teaching Huma to turn over the shady mountain", which is full of patriotic passion.
The poet did not describe the frontier fortress scenery in detail, but chose a typical picture of garrison life to reveal the inner world of foot soldiers. Scenery description is only a means to depict the thoughts and feelings of characters. In the Han dynasty, music was integrated into the scene and saturated with the emotional color of the characters. The complex content is thrown into the four-line poem, which is profound, implicit and intriguing. This poem has rich artistic conception, high style and concise language.
Wang Changling?
Wang Changling (698-756) was born in Jinyang, Hedong (now Taiyuan, Shanxi). A famous frontier poet in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, later generations praised him as the "Seven Wonders". In his early years, he was poor and trapped in farming, but he began to learn in his thirties. The first secretary of the provincial school, Lang, also learned from the macro words, and awarded Si Shuiwei, who was relegated to Lingnan because of things. There are Li Bai, Gao Shi, Wang Wei, Wang Zhihuan and Cen Can. At the end of Kaiyuan, he returned to Chang 'an and awarded Jiangning Cheng. The slandered dragon captain. An Shi rebelled and was killed by Lu Qiuxiao, the secretariat. His poems are famous for their four wonders, especially those written in the northwest frontier before he won the first place, and have the reputation of "Poet Wang Jiangning" (also known as "Poet Wang Jiangning").