The first part,
1, the distance between the eyes and the book should be one foot when reading and writing.
2. To protect your teeth, you must brush your teeth in the morning and evening.
3. Keep the seat at least two meters away from the TV when watching TV.
4. To prevent ascariasis and ascariasis, we should pay attention to food hygiene, do not drink raw water, and wash and peel raw fruits and vegetables.
5. The heart is in the left chest of the human body.
6. The lungs are in the chest of the human body.
7. The prevention of influenza is mainly during the influenza epidemic, and you should go to public places as little as possible.
8. To prevent intestinal infectious diseases, it is necessary to prevent "people from the mouth"; Develop good hygiene habits and wash your hands before and after meals.
9. To prevent hepatitis A, we should do the following: pay attention to food hygiene; Drink boiled water; Wash your hands before and after meals.
10. Rats mainly transmit epidemic hemorrhagic fever.
Master in the fifth and sixth grades.
1 1, flies can spread intestinal infectious diseases.
12, to prevent anemia, eat more foods with high iron content such as animal liver and kelp.
13, smoking can cause lung cancer.
14, bones, shrimp skin and bean products contain more calcium and phosphorus.
15, after being bitten by a dog, you must go to the epidemic prevention department to treat the wound and inject rabies vaccine in time.
The second part:
1, brushing your teeth in the morning and evening is one of the effective ways to protect your teeth.
2. Correct reading and writing posture is beneficial to protecting eyesight.
3. Because raw water contains bacteria and eggs, you can't drink it.
4. When pink eye is popular, you can't go swimming in the swimming pool.
5. The function of the lungs is mainly to continuously inhale oxygen and exhale carbon dioxide.
6. Prevention of myopia is mainly to achieve "three wants and three don't".
7. Hepatitis A is a highly contagious infectious disease.
8. Vaccination with BCG vaccine on time is a safe and effective method to prevent tuberculosis.
The fifth and sixth grade master:
9. Sugar is good for protecting the liver.
10, we should not only do a good job in domestic hygiene, but also do a good job in environmental hygiene.
1 1, physical exercise is beneficial to our growth and development and physical fitness.
12, boys should not wear tight pants in early adolescence, and girls should not wear corsets, waists and high heels.
13, children can't smoke; Because smoking is very harmful to health.
14, the simplest and most economical way to prevent iodine deficiency disorders is to insist on eating iodized salt for a long time.
The third part:
1, our body is composed of head, neck, trunk and limbs.
2. Vaccination can prevent diseases and maintain good health.
3, the correct way to brush your teeth is to brush along the teeth, the upper teeth are brushed from top to bottom, the lower teeth are brushed from bottom to top, and the jaw surface is brushed back and forth, from top to bottom.
4. The function of the stomach is to digest food, absorb nutrients and discharge dregs.
5. The main function of teeth is to chew food.
True health means that a person's body, mind and ability to adapt to society and environment are in good condition.
The fifth and sixth grade master:
7. The main function of fat is to supply human body with heat; Maintain body temperature; Promote the absorption of fat-soluble vitamins; Protecting internal organs and moistening skin are essential for human body.
8. To maintain public health, it is necessary to do a good job in residential areas, streets and public places, and take good care of public health facilities.
9. To prevent anemia, we should correct bad eating habits such as partial eclipse and picky eaters.
10. First-aid facilities include emergency telephones; Ambulances and hospital emergency rooms, etc.
Carry out mental health education
Mental health education in primary schools is a scientific and practical education work, which should follow the following basic principles:
1, according to the characteristics of students' psychological development and the laws of physical and mental development, carry out targeted education.
2, for all students, through universal education activities, so that students have a positive understanding of mental health education, so that psychological quality is gradually improved.
3. Pay attention to individual differences and carry out various forms of education and counseling according to the different needs of different students to improve their mental health.
4. Take students as the main body, fully inspire and mobilize students' enthusiasm. Teachers' scientific guidance in mental health education should be organically combined with students' active participation in mental health education.
You can't eat fried things by the roadside, eat more fruits and vegetables and eat less fried things, overnight dishes or spoiled food.
Improper food collocation can cause disease.
Seafood and beer are prone to gout. Seafood contains purine and monophosphate, while beer is rich in vitamin B 1, an important catalyst for decomposing these two components. If you drink beer while eating seafood, it will promote the combination of harmful substances in the body and increase the uric acid content in human blood, thus forming urinary calculi that are difficult to excrete. If there is something wrong with your metabolism, drinking beer while eating seafood will easily lead to a sharp increase in uric acid levels in the blood, which will lead to gout, so that
Gouty nephropathy, gouty arthritis, etc.
Ham and lactic acid drinks are easy to cause cancer. People who often eat sandwiches with yogurt for breakfast should be careful. Ham, bacon and other lactic acid drinks in sandwiches are easy to cause cancer. Because, in order to preserve sausages, ham, bacon, bacon, etc., food manufacturers will add nitrates to prevent food spoilage and Botox growth. When nitrate meets with organic acids, it will be transformed into a carcinogen-nitrosamine. Therefore, don't eat this kind of processed meat products often, so as not to increase the risk of cancer.
Radish and orange are easy to induce goiter. Radish will produce an anti-thyroid substance thiocyanic acid. If a large number of fruits such as oranges, apples and grapes are eaten at the same time, flavonoids in fruits will be transformed into thiocyanic acid that inhibits thyroid function after bacterial decomposition in the intestine, which will induce goiter.
Egg and soybean milk reduce protein's absorption. Raw soybean milk contains trypsin inhibitor, which can inhibit the activity of human protease and affect the digestion and absorption of protein in human body. Egg white of egg contains viscous protein, which can combine with trypsin in soybean milk, so that the decomposition of protein is blocked, thus reducing the absorption rate of protein in human body.
Milk and chocolate are prone to diarrhea. Milk is rich in protein and calcium, while chocolate contains oxalic acid. When they are mixed together, calcium in milk will combine with oxalic acid in chocolate to form a kind of water-insoluble calcium oxalate, which will not be absorbed after eating, but also cause symptoms such as diarrhea and dry hair, thus affecting people's growth and development.
Fruit and seafood are not easy to digest. When eating seafood, if you eat grapes, hawthorn, pomegranate, persimmon and other fruits, you will have vomiting, bloating and diarrhea. Because these fruits contain tannic acid, when tannic acid meets protein in aquatic products, it will precipitate and solidify, forming indigestible substances. After eating seafood, people should eat this kind of fruit at intervals of more than 4 hours.
Spinach and tofu are prone to lithiasis. Tofu contains magnesium chloride and calcium sulfate, while spinach contains oxalic acid. When they meet, they can produce magnesium oxalate and calcium oxalate. These two kinds of white sediments can not only be absorbed by the human body, but also affect the absorption of calcium by the human body, and are prone to lithiasis.
Food is the most important thing: how to eat?
Introduction of guest Yang Xiaoguang: Deputy Director of China Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Vice Chairman of China Nutrition Association and Vice Chairman of National Food and Nutrition Advisory Committee.
Yang Xiaoguang: I'm very happy to come to People's Daily to communicate with you! Today, we are discussing food safety and reasonable diet. Welcome to ask questions!
Q: If you want to lose weight, should you eat less starch?
A: Generally speaking, obesity is the result of excessive energy accumulated in the body. In this sense, no matter what food you eat, if you consume more calories than you consume, it will be stored in the body in the form of fat. Therefore, it is necessary to control the whole calorie intake and strengthen physical activity, so as to maintain the balance of calories and a suitable weight.
Q: How to eat hot pot healthily?
A: First of all, we should pay attention to cooking food thoroughly to avoid the harm of food-borne parasites. You shouldn't eat too much. Pay attention to some vegetables.
Q: An apple a day will keep me healthy?
A: It should be said that eating more fruits and vegetables is healthy now. Apple is a better fruit. It is good to eat regularly.
Q: Excuse me, guests, it is always said that certain food does not contain food additives. Is it really free? What happens when you eat it again? Thank you.
A: It should be said that food additives are an indispensable part of modern food industry. It is safe to use food strictly. Some foods do not contain it, but it does not mean that they are unsafe or unhealthy.
Q: It's always said that soup is nutritious and soup is nutritious. Is it true that all the nutrition is in the soup?
A: Actually, the nutrient content in soup is lower than that in solid food. But food not only satisfies nutrition, but also satisfies taste and psychology. Without specifics, it is hard to say which soup has higher nutritional content. However, in terms of controlling too much food, it is beneficial for Cantonese people to drink soup first. In addition, some soups contain some medicinal ingredients. It may have a certain biological activity on some people.
Q: Red meat = lean meat? Thank you for your answer!
A: Red meat refers to pork, beef and mutton. Mainly refers to lean meat.
Q: I would like to ask the guests: I don't like rice and meat. Will it affect my health in the long run?
A: There is no bad food, only bad meals. Food diversification is a basic principle of rational nutrition. Meat can provide high-quality protein, especially red meat, which is a good source of body and can prevent anemia. Of course, there are vegetarians. However, it is necessary to supplement other high-quality proteins and some micronutrients that are easily caused by not eating meat. For example, iron, vitamin B2, etc.
Q: Excuse me, guests: There are pesticide residues on fruits and vegetables now. Can it be solved by just using blisters? Are there any other remedies?
A: The actual situation is different. Some pesticides can be washed off, and some pesticides can't be washed off. As far as the actual situation in China is concerned, it is impossible not to use pesticides. A lot of pesticides can be removed by soaking in water or peeling the fruit. It is also a good way to soak vegetables and fruits.
Q: I am a single man who is over 25 and under 30. Please make a most reasonable diet plan for a person like me who has no one to take care of himself and doesn't bother much about his diet? In addition, because of my work, I seldom have time to exercise, so I have a big belly! In order to control obesity and keep a healthy body, do experts have specific suggestions on diet?
A: The Chinese Nutrition Association has a dietary guide. You can learn it. Design a reasonable diet according to your own preferences.
Q: Excuse me, guests, food hygiene inspection seems to be a random sample. Can that ensure that all foods are all right?
A: It is impossible to check every batch of food before it goes on the market. Any inspection is a spot check. Of course, if the whole people provide food safety awareness and take the initiative to report, we can also increase pertinence to ensure food safety.
Q: There is an agricultural professor in a university who doesn't eat any leafy vegetables. He said-I don't mind others eating them. Because I am in this line of work, I know the harm. No matter how you wash it or soak it, it won't help. Because it is chronic, no one knows what will happen in the future and why. I'm afraid this is the situation now. We have no choice.
A: If you don't eat leafy vegetables, you can avoid pesticide damage in leafy vegetables, but at the same time you lose the nutrients provided by leafy vegetables.
Q: Guest I don't like sweets. I didn't even like sugar when I was a child. Is this harmful to my health?
A: Not eating sweets should be said to be harmless to the body. You should measure your body mass index yourself. If you are too thin, you should also pay attention to increasing energy to maintain a proper weight.
Q: What is the difference between our views on genetically modified foods and those in Europe and America?
A: Europe and the United States are completely opposed to genetically modified foods. Generally speaking, Americans believe that genetically modified foods are safe and have been eaten for more than ten years. Many European consumers can't accept genetically modified foods yet. This is not only a security issue, there are many mixed factors. At present, scientific research has not found that there are unsafe problems in genetically modified foods that have been listed. The current management regulations in our country are to be evaluated and marked.
Q: Guest, can you tell us something about your dietary guidelines?
A: There are many dietary guidelines of the Chinese Nutrition Association. First, there are various foods, mainly grains; Second: eat more fruits and vegetables; Third: eat less greasy; Fourth: drink milk often; Fifth: drinking limit; Sixth: pay attention to food cleanliness; Seventh: increase physical activity and maintain a reasonable weight.
Q: Now the whole people eat harmful food. What will happen to us and our descendants in the near future?
A: Generally speaking, the food safety situation is better now than before. From the food inspection situation, the qualified rate is higher than before. Nowadays, people's life expectancy is much higher than before. The current food safety problem is of great concern to everyone. Some of them are artificially adding some harmful substances under the conditions of market economy. On the other hand, our demand for health has increased, and everyone is very concerned about this issue. With the development of science and technology, substances that people could not detect in the past can now be detected. For example, the problem of dioxin and mad cow disease.
Q: People say that breakfast should be good, but how to eat a high-quality breakfast? Ask for expert guidance, thank you.
A: It is best that the calories of breakfast can account for about 30% of the total calories. There should be grains, dairy products, vegetables, fruits and some eggs or meat products. The key is not to be in a hurry and eat as soon as you get up.
Q: Is it true that fruits are not as nutritious as vegetables? How should we consider the reasonable collocation of fruits and vegetables from the perspective of nutrition?
A: Fruits and vegetables have their own characteristics and cannot replace each other. Vegetables, in particular, can provide us with a variety of vitamins and dietary fiber, and cannot be replaced by fruits. You should eat some vegetables and fruits every day.
Q: Guest, how can the people find out that there is something wrong with food? What else can they do but look, smell and taste?
A: From past experience, the qualified rate of food in big shopping malls is higher. Also pay attention to the logo on the package.
Q: I think there seems to be quite a lot of food poisoning, but some things should not have been poisoned. For example, if someone eats milk in groups, but the milk test finds that there is nothing wrong with the milk itself? What's going on here?
A: At present, there are more reports of food poisoning than before, but the situation of food poisoning is better now than before. Milk is a food rich in nutrition and prone to food poisoning. For example, the snow-printed milk in Japan is contaminated by staphylococci, which has caused food poisoning for many people. But now, the milk produced by many large enterprises has a strict disinfection process. Some people, for safety reasons, also heat and disinfect before drinking.
Q: Excuse me, guests, it is easy to form scale when burning tap water in many areas in the north. Does too much scale mean that the water quality is not good? Bad for health?
A: There is a lot of scale, but there are many minerals in the water. The so-called hardness is relatively high. Generally speaking, after you burn, the mineral content in the water drops. We can't generally say that the water quality is not good if there is scale. In some areas in the north, the content of fluorine in water is high, which is prone to fluorosis.
Q: Please tell us the common sense of taking vitamins.
A: First of all, make sure whether you lack vitamins. Which vitamin should be missing? Pay attention to which one to supplement. Generally speaking, water-soluble vitamins. For example, B vitamins and vitamin C are not easy to accumulate in the body. Eating more won't do harm to your health. But fat-soluble vitamins. For example, vitamins a and d. Excessive intake will cause damage to the body.
Q: Guest, what do you think of the so-called "junk food"?
A: Generally speaking, modern fast food is regarded as "junk food". In terms of food diversification, eating some occasionally is not harmful to health. But eating it regularly or every day will cause dietary imbalance. It is often too much calories and insufficient intake of vitamins and dietary fiber. It may have adverse effects on the body.
Q: I have read the food hygiene law, but I don't understand how people should complain if they have problems. Please ask experts for guidance. Thank you.
A: At present, the health supervision organization is a supervision organization responsible for food safety and can make complaints.
Q: Is tofu more nutritious than soybean milk? But I prefer tofu. Besides, is tofu a meat dish or a vegetarian dish? How to match it?
A: From the production process, tofu is made of soybean milk. But some flavonoids may be lost. Both tofu and soybean milk contain high-quality protein, which is comparable to meat. The water content of soybean milk is higher. It should be said that tofu is a vegetarian dish.
Q: What foods should vitamins be supplemented from?
A: fruits and vegetables can supplement vitamins a and C. Brown rice and common flour can provide vitamin B 1. Milk and meat can provide vitamin B2. Animal foods can provide vitamins a and d. Sunbathing every day can synthesize vitamin D by itself.
Q: Director Yang, the people are upset when they mention this polluted and harmful food, and they are afraid and at a loss.
A: Actually, it's not that serious.
Q: Mr. Hong Zhaoguang introduced that children should take vitamin C and vitamin B. Are there any side effects after taking them all the year round?
A: First of all, make sure how much you take. If it does not exceed the maximum limit, it should be harmless to health. For the maximum limit, you can check the "Nutrient Intake of China Residents" formulated by China Nutrition Association.
Q: Can drinking fruit and fruit juice supplement nutrition? How about eating fruit? Will there be a problem? Thank the experts for their answers.
A: Guozhen is not fruit juice. Generally speaking, fresh fruit is better than juice. But there's nothing wrong with eating fruit and drinking some juice.
Q: Excuse me, guests, how harmful is fried food to your health?
A: In terms of reasonable nutrition, the calories generated by fat intake every day should not exceed 30% of the total calories. Eating fried food often can easily lead to excessive calorie intake. Because 1 g fat can produce 9000 calories. And carbohydrate 1 g is 4000 calories. Repeated use of oil from some fried foods will produce some harmful substances. Eating fried food occasionally will not have a bad effect on it.
Q: Can genetically modified foods be eaten? How many foods are genetically modified?
A: At present, our genetically modified foods are mainly imported soybeans and rapeseed oil. These foods have been listed in the United States and Canada for more than ten years, and no safety problems have been found.
Q: Some articles say that dark vegetables are nutritious, right? But white radish is white.
A: Generally speaking, the level of nutrition refers to the content of vitamins. Leaf vegetables are more nutritious than root vegetables. White radish is also a good vegetable. Talking about food diversification means eating a variety of foods. You can't say which is better than which, you should eat them all.
Q: It is worrying that children are flocking to foreign fast food nowadays. What do the guests think?
A: This issue really deserves attention. The key is to make children and teenagers understand basic nutrition knowledge from basic education. Develop good living habits. Eating foreign fast food once in a while is not a big problem, but it can't become a hobby. At present, the main problem of foreign fast food is high calorie. Lack of sufficient vegetables, can not provide the necessary vitamins and dietary fiber.
Q: I hope that relevant nutrition knowledge can enter the health textbooks of primary and secondary schools, such as
A: I agree with you very much!
Q: What kind of food is safe? Expert, you must answer.
A: Actually, absolute food safety does not exist. As far as the current market situation is concerned, the food produced from big shopping malls and some well-known enterprises is safer. In addition, pay attention to the cooking of food, for example, to avoid cross-contamination of raw and cooked food. Try to avoid buying cooked food produced by unknown manufacturers. Pay attention to the manufacturer, shelf life and whether the food to be refrigerated is in the refrigerated condition during the purchase process.
Eating Chili peppers should be chosen according to the region.
Nowadays, spicy has become an indispensable taste in the diet of northerners. Look at the Sichuan restaurants and Thai food all over the street, which have different degrees of spicy taste. But experts warn that northerners eating spicy food may hurt their eyes.
There are differences in eating spicy food because of different constitutions.
Due to the different climate between the north and the south, there are also differences in human physique. For example, northerners have stronger gastrointestinal function, while southerners have weaker gastrointestinal function. According to Dr. Zhao Zhifu, director of the Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Guang 'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, northerners are internally hot and externally cold, while southerners are internally cold and externally hot. For the eyes, they are most afraid of internal heat.
Therefore, eating spicy food without restraint may directly hurt the eyes: first, it makes the eyes feel burning, and the blood vessels of the eyeball are congested, resulting in unclear vision. Long-term spicy stimulation will lead to conjunctivitis, fundus arteriosclerosis, dry eye and vision loss and other senile diseases in advance.
So what kind of people are not suitable for spicy food?
Dr. Zhao reminded: people with red face, constipation, yellow urine and bloodshot eyes should not eat spicy food. People with bad temper should not eat spicy food either. People who come from the south to the north are affected by the climate and environmental changes in the north, and their physique is gradually changing, so they should also change their habit of eating spicy food.
What are the brief contents of primary school students' mental health?
The mental health of primary school students is as follows:
1, popularize the basic knowledge of mental health, establish mental health awareness, understand simple psychological adjustment methods, understand psychological abnormalities, and initially grasp the common sense of mental health care.
2. Intelligent training, that is, helping students to establish a scientific understanding of the nature of intelligence, and designing different training activities for different components of intelligence, such as attention, observation and memory;
3. Learning psychological guidance, that is, helping students to establish a scientific understanding of the nature of learning activities, cultivating students to form a healthy and positive learning attitude and motivation, and training students to develop good learning habits and master scientific learning methods;
4. Emotional education, that is, teaching students to grasp and express their emotions, learning to effectively control, adjust and reasonably vent their negative emotions, observing and understanding others' emotions, and training related skills;
5. The lower grades of primary school mainly include: helping students adapt to the new environment, new group, new study life and feeling the fun of learning knowledge; Enjoy interacting with teachers and classmates, and experience friendship in modest and friendly interaction.
6. The middle and senior grades of primary schools mainly include: helping students to taste the joy of solving difficulties in their study life, adjusting their learning mentality, improving their interest and self-confidence, treating their academic achievements correctly and overcoming their weariness.
Principles of mental health education
1, the principle of reality
At present, most schools are short of teachers engaged in mental health education. Therefore, each school should choose the content suitable for its mental health education according to its actual situation, teachers' actual educational ability, students' actual level and needs.
2, the principle of development
The ultimate goal of school mental health education is to promote the development of students. Therefore, when determining the content of mental health education in schools, we should "face the whole people and pay attention to development" and choose the theme content with general significance and representativeness, so as to effectively play the function of "prevention and promotion" of mental health education. For example, middle schools should take adolescent education as the core content.
What is the brief content of primary school students' mental health?
The contents of mental health of primary school students are as follows:
1, popularize the basic knowledge of mental health, establish mental health awareness, understand simple psychological adjustment methods, understand psychological abnormalities, and initially grasp the common sense of mental health care.
2. Intelligence training means helping students to establish a scientific understanding of the nature of intelligence, and designing different training activities according to different components of intelligence, such as attention, observation and memory.
3. Learning psychological guidance, that is, helping students to establish a scientific understanding of the nature of learning activities, cultivating students to form a healthy and positive learning attitude and motivation, and training students to develop good learning habits and master scientific learning methods.
4. Emotional education, that is, teaching students to grasp and express their emotions, learning to effectively control, adjust and reasonably vent their negative emotions, observing and understanding others' emotions, and training related skills.
5. The lower grades of primary school mainly include: helping students adapt to the new environment, new group, new study life and feeling the fun of learning knowledge; Enjoy interacting with teachers and classmates, and experience friendship in modest and friendly interaction.