Commonly used as an anthelmintic. For the palm plant betel nut dry mature seeds. Mainly produced in Indonesia, Malaysia and China's Guangdong, Hainan, Guangxi, Yunnan and other places. Betel nut is bitter, pungent and warm in nature. Attributed to the stomach and large intestine meridian. Effects: Killing worms, eliminating accumulation, lowering the flow of Qi, and promoting the flow of water. Mainly used for the treatment of worms, such as roundworms, tapeworms, pinworms, ginger worm, etc., food stagnation, epigastric distension, edema, foot fungus, malaria and other diseases. Modern pharmacological experiments have proved that betel nut has anthelmintic, antiviral, gout and antifungal effects.
Some people eat the old fight cluck. The fact is that it is a normal phenomenon.
There is also chest tightness and redness, which are normal reactions
Source The seeds of betel nut (Betel nut), family Palmae.
Collection
Harvested in winter and spring when the fruit is ripe. Pick the fruit, peel off the skin, take the seeds and dry them in the sun.
Medicinal
The dried seeds are conical or oblate-globose, 1.5-3 cm high, 2-3 cm in diameter at the base, with a yellowish-brown or yellowish-brown surface, rough, with lighter-colored reticulate concavities and occasional silvery patches of endocarp attached.
Eating
Betel nut can be eaten, dipped in brine chewing, the first time chewers see red, chest tightness, is a normal phenomenon
Toxicity
Excessive betel nut alkali cause salivation, vomiting, diuresis, lethargy and convulsions, and even tightness in the chest, sweating, dizziness and lead to shock, can not be swallowed, . If the system caused by internal use of potassium permanganate solution can be used to wash the stomach, and injection of atropine.
Harmful effects
The spitting of betel nut juice and residue not only affects the appearance of the city, but is also unsightly. Some unscrupulous betel nut traders often use a variety of gimmicks to attract customers, especially the 'betel nut shih tzu' can be seen everywhere, which is a bad influence on the physical and mental health of the children and the good customs of the society.
Additionally, due to the high profitability of betel nut, some people plant betel nut on slopes that are not suitable for betel nut cultivation, resulting in soil erosion, and when a typhoon strikes, it is easy to cause landslides, resulting in the loss of people's lives and property.
Common Hazards:
Chewing betel nut, in addition to making the teeth black, wear and tear, shaking, gum recession caused by periodontal disease, oral mucosa fibrosis and oral mucosa leukoplakia, will also lead to oral cancer. According to the survey, eighty-eight percent of oral cancer patients have the habit of chewing betel nut.
The population of betel nut chewers is growing rapidly, and it is estimated that there are more than 2.6 million betel nut chewers in Taiwan. The average age of betel nut chewers is also decreasing gradually, and the prevalence of betel nut chewing is also expanding from the low socio-economic status and the working class to the white-collar class and high intellectuals. Betel nut is the favorite of the "red-lipped people" and the "green gold" in the eyes of farmers, but it is the biggest killer of Taiwan people's health and water resources. According to the statistics, Taiwan has more than 50,000 hectares of betel nut plantations (equivalent to 2 Taipei City), in addition to the loss of water resources of about 4 billion metric tons per year and serious damage to forests, the amount of money spent by the people of Taiwan on eating betel nut in a year is even more than 90 billion dollars, which is equivalent to the cost of half of the highway, which is quite alarming. What is even more frightening is its carcinogenic and cancer-promoting effects, which make the oral cancer of the Chinese people, jumped to the top ten causes of cancer deaths. Therefore, how to promote the prevention and treatment of betel nut and to reduce the habit of betel nut chewing has become one of the priorities of the health authorities.
-Physiological hazards: In addition to oral diseases and oral cancer, excessive consumption of betel nut can cause poisoning symptoms, such as euphoria, dullness of the eyes, trembling of the whole body, unsteady walking, and strange or violent behavior; and in severe cases, it can lead to acute mental illnesses, including auditory hallucinations, ego-inflation, forced delirium, delirium tremens, and so on.
-Economic hazards: spitting betel nut juice anywhere will be banned and fined; consumption of betel nut is expensive, increasing the burden of expenditure; medical expenses.
-Social hazards: If you eat betel nut for a long time, your teeth will turn black and your mouth will turn red, which makes your appearance quite unsightly.
-Environmental pollution: Spitting betel nut juice is not only polluting the environment, it is also an eyesore, and the bacteria in the betel nut juice will be dispersed with the wind and inhaled into the lungs of the public.
-Soil and water conservation: Since betel nut trees are shallow rooted, planting a large area will seriously damage soil and water conservation.
Concoction
Betel nut: pick off impurities, soak in water, change water according to the temperature, until soaked through, fished up, sliced and dried.
Fried betel nut: take betel nut slices in a pot, stir fry until slightly discolored, remove, cool.
Coke betel nut: Stir-fry betel nut slices over high heat until burnt, spray with water, remove and let cool.
Flavor
Bitter, pungent, warm.
Traits
It is round-like. The surface has grayish-white and brown interlaced marble texture. The texture is brittle and fragile. The flavor is astringent and bitter.
It enters the spleen, stomach and large intestine meridians.
Functions and Indications
It is used to kill worms, break up stagnation, lower the flow of Qi, and move water. It is used in treating worms, food stagnation, distension and pain in the epigastrium, diarrhea, malaria, edema, gout, foot fungus, phlegm fetish and knot.
Specification Standards
First Class Dry goods. Flat round or conical. The surface is light yellow or brown. Firm texture. The cross-section has grayish white and reddish brown interlaced marbling. Taste astringent and slightly bitter. Less than 160 pieces per 1000g. No withered heart, broken, impurity, moth, mold.
Second grade dry goods. Flat round or conical. Surface light yellow or brownish yellow. Firm texture. Cross-section with grayish white and reddish brown interlaced marble-like pattern. Taste astringent and slightly bitter. More than 160 per 1000g, between the broken, withered heart of not more than 5%; mildly insect-infested water more than 3%. No impurities, mold. [edit paragraph] Morphological characteristics (a) botanical characteristics The trunk is straight, cylindrical and unbranched, 10-15 cm in diameter at breast height, and more than 10-13 meters high. The stem has obvious ring-like leaf scars, and the young trunk is green, gradually turning grayish white with the growth of the age of the tree. Leaves are clustered at the top of the stem, pinnately compound, 1.3 to 2 meters long, petiole three-angled, ring wrapped around the stem. Leaflets long lanceolate, surface smooth and glabrous. Flesh spikes, spathe yellow-green; flowers unisexual, monoecious, perianth 6; male flowers in 2 rows, alternating at the tip of the inflorescence spikelet, flowers small and numerous, about 2000 or so; female flowers inserted at the base of the inflorescence spikelet, flowers large and few, about 250 to 550. Male flowers with 6 staminodes, 3 cinnamons, ovary superior, one-loculed. Nut, ovoid; seed 1, conical.
(II) Biological Characteristics Betel nut grows in the tropical monsoon rain forest, forming a temperature-loving, fertilizer habit. The optimum growth temperature is 25～20℃. 16℃ when the leaves fall; 5～6℃ when the fruit falls; 3℃ when the leaf color turns yellow, the fruit blackens and falls off; -10℃ below the plant is seriously dead. Generally grows better in areas with low altitude. It prefers wet and avoid waterlogging, rainfall and uniform distribution is favorable to growth. General annual rainfall of more than 1200 millimeters in the region can grow. High relative humidity (about 80%) and long-term stability of growth is favorable. Generally, the shade of the seedling period should be 50% to 60%, to the adult tree should be full light. Betel nut economic life length, soil is the key. Like to grow in thick soil, black topsoil, organic matter rich sandy loam, subsoil for red or yellow loam is ideal. Its general planting 7 to 8 years after flowering and fruiting, 20 to 30 years for the fruiting period, life expectancy of up to 100 years or more. Fruit harvested seeds have the characteristics of fruit after ripening. Yellow mature fruit germination rate of 64.3%. Fruit loss of water that reduces the germination rate. In indoor germination, the average daily temperature of 26.41 ℃, the average difference in daily temperature change 1.8 ℃, germination rate of 98%.