I. Morphological characteristics
Grouper: the body is generally oval or rectangular, and the side is flat; The head is longer than the body height; The spines on the dorsal fin are very strong and connected to the fin. Spine of dorsal fin 7~ 1 1, fin 10~2 1. There are 3 anal fin spines, and the second one is the most powerful, with 7~ 13 anal fin spines. The pectoral fin is wide and low, generally round; The ventral fin is located below the pectoral fin; The mouth is big, and the teeth of both jaws are inclined; The body is covered with small comb scales; The lateral line reaches the base of caudal fin; The caudal fin is round, sectional or concave.
Grouper: the morphological characteristics of grouper are front cylinder and back flat; Generally 25-40 cm long. The head is long, slightly flat at the front and slightly higher at the back. The body color is gray-black, the back of the head and the top of the head are dark, the abdomen is pale, there are irregular black patches on the side, and there are two rows of black stripes on the top of the head. The dorsal fin is very long, almost connected with the caudal fin, and there is no hard thorn, starting from the base of the pectoral fin.
The ventral fin is short, the pectoral fin is round, and the tip of the fin protrudes beyond the middle of the ventral fin. The gluteal fin is shorter than the dorsal fin, the caudal fin is round, and the end is less than the anus. The anus is located in front of the anal fin. The whole body is covered with medium-sized round scales, and the top of the head is covered with irregular scales. The lateral line is straight, slightly twisted above the anus, moving down two rows of scales, located in the middle of the body and extending to the base of the tail.
Second, living habits.
Grouper: Grouper is a benthic fish. Adult fish mainly inhabit coral reefs and offshore reefs, and some of them inhabit the sea areas with sandy, muddy or muddy sediments. Groupers are mostly solitary fish and generally do not flock except during the breeding season. However, there are also some species whose lifestyles are small groups consisting of a male fish and several females.
Grouper: The survival water temperature of grouper is 0℃-4 1℃, and the optimum water temperature is 26℃-28℃. When the water temperature reaches above 8℃ in spring, it often moves in the upper water body, and it often moves in the upper water body in summer. When the water temperature drops below 6℃ in autumn, it swims slowly and often lurks in the deep water. When the water temperature is too low in winter, it will immerse its lower body in soil or hay, and its head will be exposed to the water, so it can't eat or move.
The grouper has a strong jumping ability. When the weather is hot and rainy, groupers often jump out of the water and escape along the embankment. When there is water impact, it will often arouse the fish to jump and escape. When you run away, your body will move forward slowly like a snake.
Third, the distribution range.
Grouper: Grouper is widely distributed in tropical and subtropical waters of Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean and Pacific Ocean. China's coastal areas are mainly distributed in the East China Sea, the Taiwan Province Strait and the South China Sea. The common species are Epinephelus obliquus, Epinephelus leopard, perch humpback and green grouper.
Grouper: Grouper is a kind of benthic fish, which usually lives in still water or micro-flowing water with aquatic plants and soft sediments, and is distributed in lakes, rivers, reservoirs, ponds and other waters.
Baidu encyclopedia-grouper
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