Shitai county was originally named Dai and Gu Ye (Li Jianjun, Chizhou Local Records Office). 1, more than 480 years ago, in the second year of Datong in Nanliang (536), Emperor Xiaowu set up Shidai County with the stone workshop (copper smelting workshop) in the Three Kingdoms period (Map of Yuanhe County in Tang Dynasty). Since then, institutions, names and administrative offices have been preserved and abolished more frequently. Now shitai county was rebuilt in July 1965, and it was changed to Taiwan Province due to the simplification of Chinese characters. June 65438+October 2007 10, Qili County was renamed as Ren Li due to the withdrawal of districts and the merger of townships. On the map, shitai county has the Yangtze River on the left, Huangshan Mountain on the right, Jiuhua Mountain above and Guniu Mountain below. It is located between deep mountains and canyons, on the banks of Qingxi River in Qiupu. This is a fairyland on earth, with a vast territory and sparse population (area 1 0.4 million square kilometers, population only110,000).
Teacher Xu Hui contacted dorri, a young photographer from Ren Li, as our guide. The young man is not high above sea level, with a Maitreya face, stocky and simple, quick and enthusiastic, which left a good impression on us. The itinerary he designed for us is to go to Gao Lu Pavilion on the first day, see the ancient houses, have farmhouse meals and stay in Renli Town at night. The next morning, I went to Baishiling to attend the opening ceremony of Shitai Rape Flower Festival, enjoy the rape flowers under Baishiling, visit Baishiling ancient village and observe the local customs and folk traditional operas. Return in the afternoon and collect the wind at will along the way.
It is 230 kilometers from Hefei to Gaoluting of Tongling Yangtze River Bridge. We set off from Daoxiang Building at 7: 30 in the morning on time, because we went to the south exit of Lujiang Expressway to pick up two movie friends who got on the bus halfway, and the driver mistakenly went to the Nihe River and then turned back, which delayed a lot of time. 1 1 Arrive in Gaul Pavilion at noon. Dorri had already arrived here from the county seat to wait and arranged lunch. As soon as we got off the bus, we went directly to the roadside farmhouse restaurant, where we tasted the real local farmhouse dishes, such as bacon, Malan, snail chicken, bamboo shoots, bracken and stove pots. Although hot and sour, the taste is slightly heavy, but original, fresh and authentic, worthy of being a local specialty food. We are happy to eat it.
Gaulting is a small ancient village with great flavor in Qidu Town, shitai county. This is a small valley surrounded by mountains, at the intersection of provincial road S325 and county road X0 19, and the village is on the southeast side of provincial road. Dozens of families have scattered houses, forming a narrow strip extending from southwest to northeast 100 meters. Two small tributaries of Qingxi River, Kaojie River and Xibiankeng River, surround the village from east and west, meet in the south of the village, flow into Qingxi River in the east, and finally merge into Taiping Lake. By the stream at the intersection of two roads in the south of the village, there is an ancient pavilion with a yellow plaque on a red background, which reads "Gaolu Pavilion". From a distance, roads, streams, mountains, fields, villages, pavilions and pavilions are dotted with rape flowers, forming a landscape life picture, which is exquisite.
Since ancient times, Gao Lu Pavilion has been the node connecting the four major channels. In the farming era when traffic is blocked, it is the only place for people to go north to Jiuhua, and the crossing of Guhui Road here is long and far. Gaolu Pavilion is not a place where people with high surname live, but there is a famous ancient village with high surname Shimen Gaocun in the 36th mountain of Tangxi, Guichi, 20 miles north of the Pavilion. It is named after the ancient legend that "the mountain is the city and the stone is the gate" and has a history of 1000 years. In the heyday of the Gao clan in Shimen, there were 14 officials at the same time, and there was a grand scene of "ten miles long and five miles of vegetable fields". According to legend, the pavilion on the stone platform outside the Thirty-six Mountains was built for the Gao family to travel and rest. That road is called Gao Lu Road, and that pavilion is called Gaolu Pavilion. However, the ancients were elegant, not as straightforward as today's people, so the original name of Gaolu Pavilion was "Gaolu Pavilion". Although there was a word difference, it was quite different. Although the Gao family declined after the Chang Yuchun Red Scarf Army fire and the Taiping Army Shi Dakai bloodbath, Gao Luting still stands tenaciously in front of today's people, which vaguely shows the domineering and illustrious Shimen family.
The strategic position of Gao Lu Pavilion makes it gradually become a place of commerce and trade. The most famous is the production and trading of high-quality koji and specialty products. Daqu, also known as Jiumu, is used to brew rice wine and steam steamed bread with dough. The history of producing and selling distiller's yeast in Gaulting is well documented, which has been more than 300 years, and it was the most prosperous in Guangxu period of Qing Dynasty, especially the distiller's yeast workshop of Li San brothers. At that time, merchants from all over the world gathered in Gaoluting, the hometown of distiller's yeast, making distiller's yeast products sell well at home and abroad, which was a miracle in the inland mountainous area of southern Anhui where the commodity economy was extremely underdeveloped. Some netizens wrote an article recalling that in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, the descendants of Cao Shi from Gaulting moved to Quzhou, bringing the production skills of Gaulting's distiller's yeast to a peaceful place, and on this basis, creating the brand of "Fangshang Distiller's yeast", which became an intangible cultural heritage protected by the local area. It's just that the local koji brewing in Gaulting gradually declined in the process of collectivization after liberation, and the traditional skills have long been lost. There are only some remaining ancient houses and workshops, and it seems that we can still see a trace of prosperity and glory in the past.
In recent years, the local government has taken a series of protection and development measures and achieved initial results. Behind the newly-built tall ancient house archway at the entrance of the village are dozens of Huizhou-style buildings in southern Anhui, with blue tiles and white walls, crooked horseheads, stacked pavilions, winding paths leading to a secluded place, elegant and unique, and quite beautiful. The spring water flowing from Lailongshan on the west side of the provincial road flows around the village along the artificially built canal and all the houses. The villagers washed rice and vegetables and washed yarn in front of the door. It's a real bridge. There are also various manual workshops such as wine shops, oil mills, mills and meat shops in the Ming and Qing Dynasties, which are also the same as they were repaired and restored. Famous ancient buildings include Gankunli, Liwantai, Ligutang, Shangzhitang, Yongtai Qufang, Gantai Qufang and Buyun Bookstore. All of them were repaired, protected and built according to the original Huizhou architectural style in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, and the structure, style, sculpture, figures and paintings of ancient buildings were well reproduced and displayed. Gao Lu Pavilion has become an important tourist attraction featuring ancient houses and workshops in shitai county, attracting tourists from all directions.
After dinner, we were full and warm. Dorri took us to the top of the northeast village by bus, overlooking the terraced fields in the middle of the valley, winding creek beds, houses with smoke curling up, yellow cauliflower, white streams, green trees and beautiful villages. Everybody spread out, took out all kinds of long guns and short guns, looked for their own points and angles, and snapped wildly all the way, too busy to take care of the left and right. When I got down to the village pavilion, the beautiful woman wearing a red ribbon volunteered to be a model, pitching under the pink and green, and walking through the yellow flowers, the picture was more beautiful. Entering the village, those weather-beaten ancient houses, those vicissitudes of the old workshops, and those simple and kind villagers have brought deep feelings to tourists and photographers, leaving endless reverie.
Because it is the tourist season and the opening of the Rape Flower Festival, the hotel is quite nervous. We stayed in a small hotel in the old street of the county. The next morning, I want to go to Maanshan outside the city to see the whole county. As a result, I caught up with the rain as soon as I went out, and it rained harder and harder. I walked two blocks along the street, but finally I couldn't hold on and had to go back to the hotel. Passing by a steaming steamed stuffed bun shop called Maixiang, it was tempting, so I went in and asked for three steamed buns and a bowl of rice porridge, and chatted with my boss while eating. The boss surnamed Zhang, ugly, from Lujiang County. His early family was poor. The three brothers fled to the stone platform, did some coolies first and slowly settled down. Lao Zhang used to drive a big truck for more than ten years, saying that he couldn't make money, so he opened this steamed stuffed bun shop, and it took more than ten years. The steamed stuffed bun shop is small, but the materials are fresh and hygienic, handmade, and the bags are selling well now. Business is good. A family of four or five people get up early to make steamed buns, but the demand is still in short supply. Now that the children are going to college in other places, the family has long been rich, but they can't afford the time, and the steamed stuffed bun shop has been open. When I got back to the hotel, I had just started serving breakfast and sat down to eat some fried dumplings, jiaozi. It seems not as delicious as Lao Zhang's handmade steamed buns. I am thinking that there have been many government-led population movements in Shitai and even in southern Anhui, and there are countless spontaneous immigrants like Lao Zhang. The acceptance of mountains and rivers in southern Anhui is inclusive and eclectic, which has contributed to the intersection and integration of new and old stone platforms and even people in southern Anhui, and jointly created a long history and splendid culture in southern Anhui.
The opening ceremony of the Rape Flower Festival was held in Sanfang Natural Village, Baishiling, Xinlian Village, Dayan Township. Considering the traffic control, we got there early. Sanfang Village, 20 kilometers south of Ren Li, is located at the foot of Dajian Mountain at the northeast foot of Guniujiang, on Baishi Mountain at an altitude of nearly 600 meters. Our car drove into the closed gate of Baishiling Village and stopped in front of the ruins of Xiaowen Temple hundreds of meters away from the village. This is a temporary small parking lot, specially built for the opening ceremony. Only the leader's car can be parked here. If we don't get up early, our car can't drive here. Everyone quickly abandoned the car and walked along the steep mountain road to the village.
There are mountains on both sides of the mountain road. Because it rains, half of Shan Ye is shrouded in fog, which makes people feel a little depressed. Walking to the entrance of the village, I suddenly saw dozens of tall and thick ancient trees standing proudly and magnificently, and people's spirits suddenly cheered up. Look carefully, most of the ancient trees are oak camphor trees, with moss and ivy on the trunk, bare roots and intertwined roots, and the age of the trees ranges from a hundred years to a thousand years. Most of them can't be surrounded by three or five people, just like loyal guards, protecting Sanfang Village behind the tree and Sifang Village on the hillside opposite the river. Through the ancient trees, on the right is the back wall of the house and the stone road in Sanfang Village. On the left side of the cliff is a river called Wuxi. On the high river bank, there is a square pavilion called Baishi Pavilion, just like the sentry box of a military camp. Between Baishiting and Sanfang Stone Path, there is a stone arch bridge, and at the other end of the bridge is a four-room hut. The river bed of Wuxi River under the stone bridge is exposed, and there are huge pebbles of different shapes and sizes in the river, which makes it interesting when a clear stream flows.
Just now, I was in the parking lot of Xiao Wen Temple, and I saw a scenic spot poster with a schematic diagram of going up the mountain. The name of the marked mountain stream is Wuxi River. I did my homework before I came to Shitai, and I saw many netizens hearsay that this river was regarded as a carp stream, and three women were inserted to collect medicine and eat peaches, which turned carp into a fairy tale of Shu ancient temple, and mistook Baishiting for a hexagonal pavilion next to Shu ancient temple. In fact, this is really a glorious crown, referring to a deer as a horse. I also stripped the place where the myth story of the three female carp happened, and found that it was not Baishiling in Dayan Township, Shitai, but Shibichen in Wushi Township, Huangshan. Although these two places belong to ancient times counties, the straight-line distance between the two places is about 50 kilometers, which is not a short distance in the continuous mountains with dangerous roads. Although the rivers referred to in the story are the main tributaries of Taiping Lake, the former is Qingxi River in the west and the latter is Shuxi River in the south, which is obviously the opposite. The records in Time County Records are clearer. In the Han Dynasty, the "Sanxiangu" Temple was built in Gaishan, with Huali River, Hexagon Pavilion and Shugu Temple beside it. Tao Yuanming, a poet of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, once came here, not only praising the story of "three women in Shu ate peaches and turned carp into immortals", but also writing the legend of "turning carp into streams" in the postscript of searching for gods. On the stone tablet of "Rebuilding the Lost Monument of the Three Temples" unearthed by the Chen family in Shibi, there is also "Gaishan Shu ancient boxing", which is named after the three women of Shu who ate peach carp and became immortals. Hualixi is found in the postscript of Tao Yuanming's search for God in Jin Dynasty. Although the Chenjiagu village in Shibi was submerged and disappeared due to the construction of Chencun Reservoir, there is no need to make a mountain out of a molehill by replacing trees with flowers.
We got up early and it was still raining. There are not many tourists in the ravine, and most villagers are cooking in the house. I stood on the stone arch bridge and looked around. The houses in Sifang village in the north of Qiaobei are all built along the foot of the mountain, and they can't be seen until they look up, hidden in clouds and Woods. Qiaodong Sanfang Village is built on the hillside southeast of Wuxi River, and it is even more "there are people in the depths of white clouds". Wuxi above the stone bridge comes from the mountains in the northeast. On both sides of the river are narrow valleys surrounded by mountains. The rape field full of yellow flowers is fanned out, and gradually shrinks with the river extending upward step by step until it disappears in the distant mountains. Two small natural villages with three bedrooms and four halls, dotted between hillsides, streams and terraces, are scattered on both sides of Wuxi River, with smoke curling up, green trees and wild flowers in front of and behind the house, a vast sea of rape flowers, gurgling water and birds and flowers. In the intermittent drizzle and erratic fog, people are in a trance.
I shook my head and came back from my dream. I went upstream along the rocky mountain path between Wuxi River and Sanfang Village, ready to bypass the valley and return to the stone arch bridge. The head umbrella for photography prepared by Teacher Le Lingling played a great role at this time. I'm alone, with an umbrella on my head and a camera in my hand. Walking alone on a slippery mountain road, I feel like a Jianghu hero who stands up for his words and seeks his own failure. In front of a house in the highest part of Sanfang Village, there is a stage built in the rape flower field, which is the main venue for the opening ceremony of the rape flower festival. A group of young men and women are busy in the rain. I continued to walk up and soon came to a broken wall. There are signs that this is the ruins of an old hut. Look at the surrounding terrain. It is already half of Shan Ye, and there is only one path leading to Sanfang Village below. Below are valleys, rivers and fields. It's really a camping place, easy to defend but difficult to attack. As for when the hut was built and who entered the house, it is unknown. So the significance of this website has not been fully revealed.
Further northeast, it is the highest place and the narrowest place in the valley. But in fact there is only one house here, named Sun Jia, which is an ancient building. There is a pond in front and a courtyard in the back, surrounded by peach trees, plum trees and buttonwood trees. It looks like a rich family, and it may have been famous in the past, because this place name is actually marked on the map. There is a big slope of several hundred acres in front of Sun's house, which is suitable for planting crops. Now it is a rape field, covered with golden hillsides. From a distance, there is a yellow thatched shed in a field with yellow flowers, which is very eye-catching. I didn't know it was a scenic spot until I got to the front, called wild boar shed, also called cremation wedding. At this time, it rained heavily. I went into the hut and sat down to shelter from the rain. Looking at the sign on the side, it turned out to be an old love story. According to legend, there is a descendant of a family of traditional Chinese medicine in Baishiling. On the way of blind date, they met a village girl, but they fell in love but could not match. Later, Housheng got married according to the agreement of parents and matchmaker, and the village girl also married into Housheng's village. The plaque reads, "The days flow from morning smoke to sunset on the way home. Later, on the grounds of viewing wild boar, later generations built a wild boar shed in Sun's family. On the windy night of August 16, the wild boar shed suddenly caught fire. The next day, people found two charred bones in the ashes, while the two families in Baishiling, the village girl and the wedding dress, quietly disappeared, and the later generations and medical books also disappeared. " The story is simple, but the moral is still profound. Where the mountain is high and the emperor is far away, feudal ethics can also be seamlessly connected, killing freedom.
Turning around Jiaolongwu, it is a stone bridge at the highest point on the Wuxi River in the valley. The mountains here are a little steep, and the gap between the upstream and downstream of the bridge is a little big, so the sound of water is not gurgling but rushing. The rain is also competing with the stream, and it is getting bigger and bigger. My umbrella is not small, so I can take pictures freely. I saw a group of people break into the camera. It turned out to be the Shujia Mulian Troupe with three bedrooms and four bedrooms. They wear costumes and masks, sit in sedan chairs, travel around the mountains and show the role of Manglietia Opera and colorful costumes to set off the opening of the cauliflower festival. I don't know the name of the wedding or farewell, and the team broke up because of the heavy rain. It's really hard to be a simple mountaineer.
Mulian Opera, also known as the drama to persuade the good, integrates folk funny stories, acrobatics and hundreds of dramas. It mainly plays the story of Buddhist disciple Mulian entering ghosts to save his mother and preaches "accumulating virtue and doing good". It is the only existing religious drama in China. Shitai is the birthplace of Mulian Opera, which has been recorded in historical materials since ancient times. In the Ming Dynasty, Zheng Zhizhen, in Qingxi, Qimen, based on the popular zaju, Bianwen and the legendary Mulian drama at that time, compiled a complete new drama "Mulian Save Mother and Persuade Kindness" in Shitai from 65438 to 0579, also known as Zheng Ben Mulian Drama or Mulian Drama. In the ninth year of Chongzhen in Ming Dynasty, Wu, president of the Southern Celebrities Association, went back to his hometown to visit his mother. At that time, Wu's Gaotian class was preparing to perform the Manglietia Opera. At that time, he happily wrote a pair of couplets, and embedded the word "big performance" in the couplets, and explained that "my hometown is famous for filial piety, but I am afraid that the wind of filial piety is not enough, so the opera advised the good to promote filial piety and became a big performance." Due to Wu's admiration, Mulian Opera was moved to the Qiupu River valley for performance, and grand performances also replaced the stars as local place names, which are still in use today. Although it was not seen as a series of scenes because of the rain, the wonderful scene of Shu Jiaban patrolling the mountains in the rain has been deeply imprinted in his mind, which is enough.
A big circle of valleys turned down, and then I looked at the three-bedroom and four-bedroom houses in the village. I feel that Baishiling is really a good place, with pure nature and beautiful scenery. Now this place is only the creative base of some photography art institutions, and it has not been over-developed. However, this rape flower festival has attracted many people, and I'm afraid there will be no quiet days here in the future. I hope that the local government can keep a clear head, rationally develop, effectively protect the green mountains and green waters, and don't let the natural beauty of Baishiling get lost in the commercial tide.
Unconsciously, a few hours passed, and my feet were sore by the rain, so I hurried down the mountain. At this time, the flow of people is already very large, and there is an endless stream up and down. Every so often, one or two traffic policemen keep order. I haven't seen our car for several kilometers, and my feet hurt so much that I can't walk. I had to find the traffic police, stop the bus and ferry to the temporary parking lot at the intersection of S464 provincial highway and Baishiling mountain road five or six kilometers away. Looking for it for a long time, we still can't find our car. I opened the WeChat group and found the car parked in the middle of the road. It's really in distress situation. When people gathered together and the car came down from the mountain, I was cold and hungry and almost collapsed. Fortunately, the place to eat is not far away. As soon as I got off the bus, I rushed into the small supermarket, bought a pair of cloth shoes and cotton socks, and immediately warmed my feet.
After returning to Hefei, I watched the scenery of Baishiling in my mind for several days. I really want to go again and have a closer look. Tonight, Mr. Xu Hui is commenting on the works of collecting wind from the Waijing Building. I must go and listen to them. This is to enjoy the beautiful scenery of Baishiling again.
2065438+On Wednesday, March 29th, 2007, on the second day of March, Ding You rooster was near Tianwang Lane in Hefei.