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Morphological characteristics of Bufuna
Lianas, the whole plant is glabrous. Leaves leathery, oblong to ovate-lanceolate, 7-18cm long and 3-8cm wide, with blunt or short tapering apex, wide wedge-shaped or nearly round base, entire, 6-7 lateral veins on each side, and inconspicuous reticulate veins; Petiole length 1-2.5 cm.

Flowers are solitary in leaf axils, sparsely paired and dioecious; Male flowers: the perianth is red, 10- 16, the middle wheel is the largest 1 oval, 2-2.5 cm long and about 14 mm wide, and 3 pieces in the innermost wheel are obviously thickened and fleshy; Receptacle is oblong-conical, 7- 10 mm long, with a drill-like appendage with 1-20 branches at the top; Stamens are elliptic or subglobose, 6-7 mm in diameter, with stamens 14-48; The top of filament is surrounded by two medicine chambers; Pedicel length 1-4 cm, female flower: perianth segments are similar to male flowers, style is short and subulate, there is no shield-shaped stigma crown at the top, carpels are oblong, 50-80 pieces, and pedicels are 5- 10 mm long.

Aggregate fruit is nearly spherical, red or dark purple, with a diameter of 6- 10 cm or more; Small berries are obovate, up to 4 cm long, and the exocarp is leathery and does not show seeds. The seeds are heart-shaped or ovoid-shaped, with a length of1-1.5cm and a width of 0.8- 1 cm. The flowering period is from April to July, and the fruiting period is 7- 1 1 month.