Early gestation is an important period of differentiation, formation, and development of embryonic tissues and organs are mainly shaped to form, while the middle and late stages of gestation are mainly shaped to grow up.

Wrong molding results in malformation. From the appearance to internal organs, from the head to the limbs, are formed within 12 weeks, so the drugs to the fetus teratogenic in the third month of pregnancy has the greatest impact. It can be further deduced that if the embryo is damaged within 12 weeks, it is prone to central nervous system defects (e.g., cerebral hypoplasia, spina bifida, cerebellar malformations, cerebral edema), visceral malformations, and limb malformations (syndactyly, polydactyly, harelip, and ocular abnormalities).

Commonly used drugs that may cause malformations:

AntimicrobialsTetracycline taken within 12 weeks of gestation can cause short limb deformities or congenital cataracts. When antimicrobials such as streptomycin and butamidokanamycin are used during pregnancy, they can cause congenital deafness in the fetus. Chloramphenicol taken 10 days before delivery can cause gray syndrome in newborns.

Hormones early pregnancy, the use of androgens and synthetic progesterone, especially testosterone derived from synthetic progesterone, can cause female fetal masculinization, clitoral hypertrophy, labial fusion adhesion and limited vulvar abnormalities; estrogen can cause male fetal feminization; oral contraceptives can cause congenital heart disease. Cortisone (cortisol) can cause cleft lip or cleft palate.

The antiepileptic drug phenytoin sodium can cause cleft lip, cleft palate, cerebellar damage, and congenital heart disease in the fetus.

Anti-tumor drugs aminopurine and cyclophosphamide taken in early pregnancy can cause anencephaly, hydrocephalus, cleft palate and stillbirth.

Sedative and sleeping drugs sedative and sleeping drugs can cause a variety of malformations, winter spirit can produce retinopathy.

Anti-malarial drugs such as quinine, chloroquine and ethylaminopyrimidine can cause hydrocephalus, limb defects, deafness and retinopathy in the fetus.

Anti-allergic drugs such as paracetamol and diphenhydramine can cause fetal limb defects, cleft lip and spina bifida.

Herbal remedies that activate blood circulation and remove blood stasis can cause limb deformities.

In order to minimize and avoid the harm caused by drugs that cause malformations, it is necessary for doctors and pregnant women to work closely together and use drugs wisely.

Principles of medication

In the first three months of pregnancy, it is best not to use drugs, or use as little as possible. Where available can not be used drugs, try not to use, must be used in accordance with the doctor's instructions.

Some drugs are safer than others, so don't be afraid to use them when you're sick. When pregnant women need to use anti-infection drugs, generally safer with penicillin and erythromycin. When you have a cold, it's safe to use cold punch, silver cocktail pills, mulberry chrysanthemum cold tablets and so on.

Pregnant women should not take tonic drugs indiscriminately

For example, excessive intake of cod liver oil (vitamins A and D) can cause fetal cleft palate, brain malformations, and retarded mental development. Therefore, pregnant women taking cod liver oil dose should be small, and can not be taken for a long time.

Strengthening contraceptive guidance

The use of contraceptive pills for women who want to lift the contraceptive, it is best to stop the drug six months before pregnancy. Once pregnant during the period of taking birth control pills, abortion should be done to avoid adverse consequences.

Adhering to the pregnancy diary

In order to strengthen the perinatal protection, pregnant women are required to record the results of all outpatient prenatal examinations, the name of the medication, the time and dosage, which can be used as a reference for pregnancy monitoring.

Pregnant women are required to provide a pregnancy report when visiting the doctor

Pregnant women should take the initiative to explain their pregnancy or amenorrhea to the doctor when visiting the doctor, so as to remind the doctor to pay attention to it when prescribing.

Misuse of medication must be remedied

If you take medication by mistake in early pregnancy and want to continue the pregnancy, you should ask for guidance from the eugenics counseling clinic. If necessary, a chorionic villus examination is taken to assist in the diagnosis, and if the fetus is defective, it should be aborted. If the fetus is normal, it should be retained.