1, morphological characteristics: bergamot is an irregularly branched shrub or small tree. Its newly grown branches and buds are purplish red, and there are many thorns on the stem, which are about 4 cm long. Its leaves are simple, petiole is not long, and its shape is generally oval. Its flowers are racemes, and each flower has 5 petals. The fruit is finger-shaped, with yellow skin and transparent flesh, which can be eaten.

2, growth habits: bergamot likes a warm and humid climate and a sunny environment. It is not resistant to cold and is more afraid of drought, but it is more resistant to barren and waterlogging. When the temperature is 22-24℃, the plants will grow faster, and the temperature should not be lower than 5℃ in winter, otherwise the plants will be frostbitten. Usually planted in deep, loose and fertile acid soil.

3. Maintenance method: To cultivate bergamot, nutrient soil needs to be prepared, and humus soil, river sand and peat soil are mixed as the matrix according to the ratio of 6:3: 1, which not only has good drainage, but also provides an acidic growth environment. Watering should be done frequently in daily maintenance, and proper water spraying is needed if the climate is dry. It is necessary to apply organic fertilizer at the bud stage, before and after flowering, which is beneficial to plant fruit setting.

4. Reproductive skills: There are two reproductive methods for bergamot. One is cutting and the other is grafting. For cutting, you should choose a robust plant with 7-8 years, cut off a vigorous branch with a length of about 20 cm, cut off its leaves and top tender shoots, insert it into the sand, and water it properly to wait for it to take root. Grafting is usually carried out in August-September. Choose healthy plants with 4-5 years as rootstocks, cut off redundant branches, only keep one, cut off some cortex where branches are cut off, use branches grown last year as scions, insert them into the cut cortex, and tie them together.