(2) The control of sugar should not be too strict: the intake of sugar should be limited according to the specific situation of patients, but not too low. The sugar in the diet is too low for patients to accept. At the same time, the body uses fat metabolism to provide heat because of lack of sugar, which is more prone to acidosis. On the basis of reasonable calorie control, increasing sugar intake properly can improve the sensitivity of insulin and glucose tolerance. However, to increase the sugar content, it is necessary to keep the total calories unchanged. If the total calories increase, it will easily lead to the deterioration of the disease.
(3) protein should be adequately supplied: the metabolic disorder caused by diabetes accelerates the decomposition of protein in the body, and it is prone to negative nitrogen balance. In addition, the diet is rich in protein, which enhances human immunity and disease resistance, and promotes physical recovery. Therefore, the diet of patients with hyperthyroidism complicated with diabetes should ensure the supply of high-quality protein.
(4) Reduce fat intake: In order to prevent complications, pay attention to eating fat reasonably. Obese patients strictly limit fat intake. Essential fatty acids are important substances in human metabolism and must be taken from food. Vegetable oil is an important source of essential fatty acids for human beings. Patients with hyperthyroidism complicated with diabetes should eat vegetable oil and try to eat less or no food with high animal fat and cholesterol.
(5) Supplementing foods rich in calcium: Diabetes can cause mineral and bone metabolism disorders. Diabetes patients lack insulin and show hyperglycemia. When a large amount of urine sugar is excreted, a large amount of calcium and phosphorus are also lost from urine. The main reason for the loss is the increase of renal tubular filtration rate and the decrease of calcium and phosphorus reabsorption. The excretion of calcium and phosphorus in hyperthyroidism patients is increasing, so the supply of calcium and phosphorus should be increased to prevent osteoporosis. Therefore, the diet of patients with hyperthyroidism complicated with diabetes should be supplemented with calcium-rich foods and vitamin D in time.
(6) Pay attention to the supply of foods rich in vitamins: because diabetics limit the intake of staple foods and fruits, the sources of vitamins are insufficient. Therefore, foods rich in vitamin B2 and vitamin B 1 should be added to the diet.
(7) Reasonable arrangement of catering and scientific catering: pay attention to the collocation of main and non-staple foods. Every meal should have sugar and protein, and the distribution of staple food should be based on the ratio of 1/5, 2/5, 2/5, and fixed in the morning and evening.