Chongren Maji is an excellent local breed, which originated in the late Tang Dynasty. In 1964, it was listed in the local variety records of Jiangxi province, and Chongren County was named "the hometown of China Maji" by the state in 1997. Chongren Maji has the advantages of early maturity, light weight, good egg quality, slender bones, 55% edible parts, tender and delicious meat, rich nutrition, high contents of eight essential amino acids, VE, nicotinic acid and histidine, and low cholesterol. It is a kind of chicken with both eggs and meat, which is native to Chongren County, Fuzhou City, Jiangxi Province.
Appearance characteristics
Chongren Maji has the characteristics of lively temperament, agility, strong foraging ability, good resistance, tender meat and delicious taste. Hens are divided into two feather colors: jute and black hemp. They have a single crown, delicate heads, compact feathers and bright red crown meat. Cock feathers are brownish red, tail feathers are dark green, chest and abdomen feathers are red with black, single crown is upright and ruddy, and meat is slender.
Saving mode
Maji original chicken farm in Chongren County, Jiangxi Province was protected by using seed conservation farm and gene bank. In 2002, the national local chicken gene bank (Jiangsu) was introduced for remote protection.
efficiency
1, adult weight and meat production performance: average weight: adult cock 1650g, hen 1200g. The average semi-net slaughter rate of adult chickens is 85.90% for roosters and 84.99% for hens. The average slaughter rate of adult chickens is 76.26% for roosters and 67.06% for hens.
2. Reproductive performance: average age of first delivery 157 days. The average number of eggs laid at the age of 500 days is 180, and the average egg weight is 54 grams. The eggshell is light brown. The mating ratio of male hens is 1: 12 ~ 15. The average fertilization rate of breeding eggs is 89.9%, and the average hatching rate of fertilized eggs is 87.96%. The utilization period of male hens is 1 ~ 2 years.
Medicinal value
Chongren Maji has obvious characteristics of "three highs and one low", that is, "the edible part is high, the content of eight essential amino acids is high, the vitamin content is high, and the cholesterol content is low", which shows that the meat is tender and delicious, chaotic and nourishing, and suitable for all ages. Chongren Maji's meat and egg products have unique effects on human health, physical fitness and beauty, which is conducive to lowering plasma cholesterol and preventing atherosclerosis.
hereditary feature
From the genetic point of view, Chongren Maji has the most precious dwarf gene bank in China, which is recognized by the Institute of Genetics of Chinese Academy of Sciences as the most precious dwarf gene bank in China.
Origin environment
1, natural conditions
Chongren County is located in the southern edge of the Central Plains in Ganfu, with "seven mountains and half water, two fields, half roads and half manors". The climate is warm, the rainfall is abundant, the sunshine time is long, the annual average temperature is 17.5℃, and the annual average rainfall is1759.7mm. The soil is composed of red soil and the land is shallow. It is distributed at intervals in hills, valleys, plains and other places in China, mainly producing grain, and the cash crop is peanuts. There are abundant agricultural and sideline products such as beans, wheat and cakes, as well as fruits, vegetables and various flowers, which create a good living environment for the formation, survival, reproduction and development of Chongren Maji and are the material basis for its survival.
2. Breeding tradition
Most farmers in Chongren have been fond of raising Chongren Maji for generations. For a long time, under the natural selection of ecological conditions, generations have derived and formed unique biological characteristics, such as small size, light weight, compact body feathers, developed wing feathers and tail feathers. In addition to natural conditions, social foundation is also the main factor for the formation of its unique varieties. Local people have a hobby and natural habit of raising chickens. Raising chickens is one of the traditional family sideline businesses inherited by farmers. In addition to eating, you can also sell it to solve the cost of household oil, salt, sauce and vinegar. Raising chickens is closely related to people's lives, and it is also a social condition for the survival and development of Chongren Maji. The local people have been grazing and feeding for a long time, pecking at grains, insects, vegetables and so on. Stay in the field during the day and add a little bran and grain at night. In the long-term ecological environment, Chongren Maji has become small, agile and foraging. At the same time, Chongren Maji is deeply loved by the masses because of its high survival rate, rough feeding resistance, strong disease resistance, high egg laying rate, high slaughter rate and thick eggshell. Therefore, there is a saying that "there are 3,000 braised chickens, 800 black chickens and not enough white eggs".
Honorary certification
Chongren Maji Breeding won the second prize of Jiangxi Science and Technology Progress Award1989; Chongren Maji 1986 entered the Hong Kong market through Hong Kong Wufenghang; Chongren Maji 1996 was introduced into the International Information Network Center; Chongren Maji registered the trademark of "Shanfeng" at 1998; And ... In 2002, the industrialized operation of Chongren Maji was listed as one of the 20 agricultural industries supported by Jiangxi Province, and Chongren County was listed as "the production base of pollution-free agricultural products (Chongren Maji)" by Jiangxi Provincial Department of Agriculture in 2002. "Mountain Wind" brand Chongren Maji was awarded as "Jiangxi Famous Brand Product" in 2003. In 2004, Chongren County passed the conversion certification of "Chongren Maji pollution-free muscle products" by the Ministry of Agriculture.
Production status
Chongren County has always regarded Chongren Maji production as the leading agricultural industry. Especially since 1994, the industry of Chongren Maji has developed rapidly, and the production and marketing system of "original seed, incubation, free-range, feed, service, processing and sales" has been established, and the industrial operation of Chongren Maji has gradually taken shape.
infrastructure
Ma chicken industry leading group, county animal husbandry and fisheries bureau, Ma chicken seed farm, Ma chicken processing plant, Ma chicken development industrial company, feed processing plant and other productive enterprises were established, and more than 0 hen houses 10 were built, and workshops 1 0 for Ma chicken incubation, Ma chicken processing, feed production, Ma chicken wine and Ma chicken soy sauce were built, covering an area of more than 3,000 square meters. In 2006, * * *. In 2006, Jiangxi Huangshang Huangchongren Maji Poultry Food Co., Ltd., a large Maji processing enterprise, was introduced to settle in the county. The project plans to invest 60 million yuan. After the project is completed and put into production, the employment capacity of the enterprise can reach 1 10,000 people, and it can be processed and transformed into Chongren Maji Poultry Food Co., Ltd. every year. The start of this project will greatly ease the export pressure of Chongren Maji and promote the rapid development of its industrialized operation.
Horse chicken meat products
In 2005, there were 7 leading enterprises in Maji, including 3 leading enterprises at the municipal level, and the series of processed products included "eating words and saying" Chongren Maji ","Maji wine ","Maji tablets ","Maji sauce "and" Maji sauce king "10. In 2006, a series of hemp chicken products, such as green shell hemp egg, spiced hemp chicken, delicious chicken, Chongren hemp chicken wine, Chongren hemp chicken soy sauce and Chongren hemp chicken complete feed, have been developed.
service system
Through credit cooperative loans, "entity+farmers", technicians hanging bags, holding various chicken training courses, etc., we provide funds, technology, sales and other services for professional households. The "Chongren Animal Hospital" was also established, and the "1 10" consultation service telephone number was opened. With the approval of the state, two projects, namely "Chongren Station of National Animal Epidemic Monitoring Network" and "No Specified Epidemic Area in Chongren County", were implemented, and a veterinary diagnosis room was established, equipped with various chemical inspection equipment, with the diagnostic and monitoring capabilities of 12 kinds of animal diseases specified by the state, such as chicken avian influenza, Newcastle disease and chicken Marek's disease, which provided technical support for improving the comprehensive prevention and control level of pheasants.
The scale of free range
In 2005, 45 million feathers were raised, 36.2 million feathers were released and 6 million feathers were processed and transformed. The county's annual output value of Maji is 450 million yuan, and the per capita net income of Maji industry reaches 300 yuan. By 2006, the county had developed more than 60 hatcheries, 65,438+0,200 free-range households and 65,438+0,20 human traffickers. There are more than 20,000 people directly engaged in the hemp chicken industry in the county. In 2004, the county raised 42.79 million pheasants, caged more than 300,000 pheasants, and released 36.2 million pheasants into cages, creating an output value of 430 million yuan. The per capita income of farmers in the county reached 300 yuan.
Product protection
According to the Regulations on the Protection of Geographical Indications Products, the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine organized a review of the application for the protection of geographical indications products of Chongren Maji. After passing the examination, it was approved to protect the geographical indication products of Chongren Maji from September 6, 2007 (2007 139).
Protected domain
The protection scope of geographical indication products of Chongren Maji is subject to the scope proposed by the People's Government of Chongren County, Jiangxi Province, which is the administrative area under the jurisdiction of Chongren County, Jiangxi Province.
technical requirement
1. Variety selection: purebred pheasant varieties selected by Chongren.
2. Breeding site selection: The henhouse should be located in an area with convenient transportation, high and dry terrain, sufficient light, excellent water quality, good vegetation, good drainage and ventilation, and good isolation conditions, and the following conditions should also be met:
① There are no pollution sources such as large chemical plants and mines within 3km around the chicken farm, and it is at least 1km away from other livestock farms.
② Chicken farms should not be built upstream of drinking water sources and food factories.
3. Building requirements of the shed: the shed side height is 0.9 to 1.2m, the shed top height is 1.5 to 1.7m, the shed width is about 5m and the shed length is 6 to 10m. Each henhouse can raise about 1000 chickens. At the same time, it should be ventilated, rain-proof, moisture-proof and insect-proof. A sunshade (rain) shed or a natural place with shade and sun (rain) should be built in front of and behind the house.
4. Chick breeding: refers to the breeding of chickens of 1 ~ 6 weeks old.
① Temperature: from the 1 to the 3rd day, the heat source temperature is 32℃ to 35℃, and the room temperature is 25℃ to 28℃, and then it is decreased by 2℃ to 3℃ every week until it is the same as the natural room temperature, and the artificial temperature supply is stopped.
② Humidity: 55% to 65% is appropriate.
③ Daylighting: Natural daylighting is generally adopted.
④ Drinking water: clean well water or underground spring water is used, and the water temperature is consistent with the room temperature.
⑤ Feed: crude protein content 18% to 20%, metabolic energy 1 1.7 to 12. 1 MJ/kg.
⑥ Density: 40 to 35 feathers/m2.
4. Feeding management of adult chickens: refers to the feeding management of chickens from 7 weeks old to slaughter.
① Drinking water: Keep sufficient and clean drinking water.
② Feed: the combination of natural feed and compound feed. Natural feed: grain, insects, weeds, fruits, water and soil, etc. Compound feed: crude protein content is 16% to 18%, and metabolic energy is 1 1.5 to 1 1.9 MJ/kg.
③ Feeding: Feed regularly 2 ~ 3 times a day.
⑤ Density: 15 to 20 feathers /m2.
5, slaughter: 90 ~ 120 days old.
distinctive emblem
Producers within the scope of protection of geographical indication products of Chongren Maji may apply to Chongren County, Jiangxi Province for the use of "special signs for geographical indication products", which shall be announced and approved by the AQSIQ.