LED is the English light emitting diode (light-emitting diode) abbreviation, its basic structure is a piece of electroluminescent semiconductor material, placed on a shelf with a lead, and then surrounded by epoxy resin sealing, play a role in the protection of the internal core line, so the LED's good seismic performance

[Edit Paragraph] A. The structure of LEDs And light-emitting principle

50 years ago, people already understand the basic knowledge of semiconductor materials can produce light light-emitting diode construction diagram, the first commercial diode produced in 1960. Light-emitting diode is the core part of the p-type semiconductor and n-type semiconductor wafer, in the p-type semiconductor and n-type semiconductor there is a transition layer between the semiconductor, called p-n junction. In the PN junction of some semiconductor materials, the injected minority carriers compound with the majority carriers to release the excess energy in the form of light, thus converting electrical energy directly into light energy. PN junction with reverse voltage, the minority carriers are difficult to inject, so do not emit light. This use of injection electroluminescence principle of diode called light-emitting diode, commonly known as LED. When it is in the positive [1] working state (i.e., the two ends of the positive voltage), the current from the LED anode to the cathode, semiconductor crystals emit from the ultraviolet to the infrared different colors of light, the intensity of the light is related to the current.

[Edit]II. Characteristics of LED light source

1. Voltage: LED uses low voltage power supply, the supply voltage is between 6-24V, which varies according to the products, so it is a safer power supply than using high voltage power supply, especially suitable for public **** places. 2. efficiency: consume 80% less energy than the same luminous efficiency of incandescent lamps 3. applicability: very small, each unit LED small piece is 3-5mm square, so can be prepared into a variety of shapes of the device, and is suitable for variable environments 4. stability: 100,000 hours, the light failure of 50% of the initial response time: its incandescent lamps response time for the milliseconds, the response time of the LED lamps for nanoseconds 6. environmental pollution: no harmful metal mercury 7. color: change the current can change color, light-emitting diodes are convenient through chemical modification methods, adjust the energy band structure of the material and the band gap, to achieve red and yellow LED lights green, blue and orange multi-color light. Such as small current for the red LED, with the increase in current, can be changed to orange, yellow, and finally green 8. Price: LED prices are more expensive, compared to incandescent lamps, a few incandescent lamps can be comparable to the price of a LED lamp, and usually each group of signal lamps need to be made up of 300 ~ 500 diodes.

[Edit paragraph] Third, the type of monochrome LED and its development history

The earliest application of semiconductor P-N junction light-emitting principle made of LED light source was introduced in the early 1960s in the 20th century. At that time, the material used was GaAsP, red light (λ p = 650nm), in the drive current of 20mA, the luminous flux is only a few thousandths of a lumen, the corresponding luminous efficiency of about 0.1 lumens / watt. 70's, the introduction of the elements In and N, so that the LED produces green light (λ p = 555nm), yellow (λ p = 590nm) and orange (λ p = 610nm), the light has been increased to 1 lumen. The luminous efficacy was also increased to 1 lumen/watt. By the early 80's, GaAlAs LED light source appeared, making the luminous efficiency of the red LED reached 10 lumens / w. In the early 90's, the development of two new materials GaAlInP red, yellow light and green, blue light GaInN success, so that the luminous efficiency of the LED has been greatly improved. In 2000, the former made of LED in the red and orange region (λ p = 615nm) of the luminous efficacy of 100 lumens / watt, while the latter made of LED in the green region (λ p = 530nm) of the luminous efficacy of 50 lumens / watt.

[edit paragraph] Fourth, the application of monochrome light LED

Initially, LED used as a light source for the indication of instrumentation, and then a variety of light color LED in traffic signals and large-area displays have been widely used, resulting in good economic and social benefits. To 12-inch red traffic signals, for example, in the United States would have been the use of long-life, low luminous efficiency of 140 watts of incandescent lamps as a light source, LED line lamps it produces 2000 lumens of white light. After the red filter, the light loss of 90%, leaving only 200 lumens of red light. In the new design of the lamp, Lumileds used 18 red LED light source, including circuit losses, *** power consumption of 14 watts, can produce the same light effect. Automotive signaling is also an important area of application of LED light source. In 1987, China began to install high brake lights on the car, due to the LED response speed (nanoseconds), can be early to let the driver of the trailing vehicle to know the driving conditions, to reduce the occurrence of rear-end accidents. In addition, LED lights are used in outdoor red, green and blue full-color displays, keychain miniature torches and other fields.

[edit]V. Development of white LEDs

For general lighting, people need more white light source. In 1998, the development of white LED was successful. This LED is the GaN chip and yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) package made together. GaN chips emit blue light (λ p = 465nm, Wd = 30nm), high-temperature sintering made of Ce3+-containing YAG phosphor by the blue light excitation issued by the yellow light emission, the peak value of 550nm. The blue LED substrate is mounted in a bowl-shaped reflective cavity and covered with a thin layer of resin mixed with YAG, about 200-500nm. The blue light emitted by the LED substrate is partially absorbed by the phosphor, and the other part of the blue light is mixed with the yellow light emitted by the phosphor to obtain white light. Now, for InGaN/YAG white LED, by changing the chemical composition of the YAG phosphor and adjusting the thickness of the phosphor layer, you can get the color temperature of 3500-10000K color white light In fact, LED lights is what we usually call energy-saving lamps. (This is wrong, the daily use of energy-saving lamps and LED working principle is not the same! (This is wrong, the daily use of energy-saving lamps and LED working principle is not the same at all! But the LED lamp is called energy-saving lamps is no problem) Different power LED lamps, the price is not the same. And different processes, different appearance of the material will also cause price differences

[edit]Six, the new neon lights and LED lights advantages and disadvantages of comparison and competition

The following for neon lights and LED lights related to the comparison, adding the latest LED technology to go in to the comparison, not before everyone in the network to see which information. 1. LED light source has 100000 hours life? According to the light decay 7%, the actual only about 50,000 hours. According to the light decay 3%, the actual use can reach 80,000 hours. 2. Doesn't LED generate heat? Yes, they need to dissipate heat. 3. LED can replace incandescent lamp? Luminous flux, luminous efficacy and color rendering can be, but currently too expensive and will not decline in recent years. However, the cost of replacing incandescent lamps can be reduced by increasing the luminous flux of the product. 4. Can LEDs be used as a simple light source? [2] No, it requires a combination of drive power, optics, and heat transfer. 5. Comparison of the performance and advantages of the two light sources The advantages of neon lights have been covered by LEDs, but LEDs are too expensive at present. 6. 6. Comparison of the power supply of the two light sources LED low voltage is good, but poor water resistance and load current is too large. Large particles of 1 watt LED single lamp input current in 350mA. 7. two kinds of light source control technology comparison LED easy to realize, but neon mature. 8. two kinds of light source stability. 8. two kinds of light source stability comparison LED inconsistency is large, neon lamp is quite stable. A few producers can achieve relative stability, such as the combination of CREE and AOD chips, taking the advantages of their respective chips. 9. comparison of the price of the two light sources LED is more expensive, but the yellow and red has been comparable to the main expensive is the LED white light. 10. two kinds of light source outdoor use comparison LED waterproof is the Achilles heel of outdoor use. 11. two kinds of light source comparison of the current market global lighting products annual output value of 42 billion U.S. dollars (China 15 billion U.S. dollars) LED light source is now the proportion of less than 1 percent.

[Edit] seven, what is led light package?

led lamp encapsulation explanation: simply led encapsulation is the process of encapsulating the led encapsulation material into led lamp; led lamp encapsulation process: general led encapsulation must go through the process of expanding the crystal - solid crystal - weld line - potting - cutting foot - spectral color separation; led lamp encapsulation material: the main led encapsulation materials are: chip, gold wire, bracket, glue, etc.; led lamp encapsulation Equipment: crystal expansion equipment, solid crystal machine, welding line machine, dispensing machine, baking box, etc., generally divided into automatic encapsulation equipment manual encapsulation equipment two.

[edit]Eight, how to judge the good and bad led light package?

led lamp good or bad indicators: led lamp good or bad several indicators are: angle, brightness, color (wavelength) consistency, anti-static ability, anti-decay ability, etc.; led lamp package material: led package material is led lamp good or bad direct factors, but also the most basic factors, led lamp is a combination of several major materials, a good led lamp must be a combination of all the packaging materials and production technology; led lamp package material and production technology; led lamp package material and production technology; led lamp package material and production technology; led lamp package material and production technology; led lamp package material and production technology; led lamp package material and production technology; led lamp package material is a combination of all the packaging materials and production technology. A good led lamp must be a combination of all the packaging materials and production technology; led lamp packaging technology: general fully automatic equipment packaging than manual packaging is better, packaging technology level is also a good or bad led lamp packaging of the main factors, the same material different manufacturers to produce out of the product there is a big difference;

[Edit this paragraph]

[Edit this paragraph]

[Edit this paragraph]

[Edit this paragraph]

The production of led display screen need what kind of led lamp?

The appearance of led lamps: the production of outdoor led electronic screen mainly use straight inserted ellipsoidal led lamps, the production of indoor led electronic screen mainly use table sticker led lamps. Parameters of led lights: brightness varies according to the use of the environment and other factors, wavelength red light: 620nm-625nm, green light wavelength: 520nm-525nm, blue light wavelength: 465nm-470nm.

[Edit Paragraph]Ten, led-definition

LED (Light Emitting Diode), light-emitting Diode, is a solid-state semiconductor device, which can directly convert electricity into light. the heart of the LED is a semiconductor wafer, light-emitting diode wafer attached to a bracket at one end, one end of the negative pole, the other end of the power supply is connected to the positive pole, so that the entire wafer is encapsulated by epoxy resin. Semiconductor wafer consists of two parts, one is a P-type semiconductor, in which holes dominate, and the other end is a N-type semiconductor, mainly electrons on this side. But when these two semiconductors are connected, a P-N junction is formed between them. When the current through the wire to act on this wafer, the electrons will be pushed to the P region, in the P region of the electrons and holes compound, and then it will be in the form of photons to send out energy, which is the principle of LED light-emitting. And the wavelength of light, that is, the color of light, is determined by the formation of P-N junction materials. 50 years ago, people already understand the semiconductor material can produce the basic knowledge of light, the first commercial diode produced in 1960. LED is the English light emitting diode (light-emitting diode) abbreviation, its basic structure is a piece of electroluminescent semiconductor material, placed in a lead frame, and then surrounded by epoxy resin sealing, play a role in the protection of the internal core wire. The role of the LED, so the LED's seismic performance is good. The core part of the light-emitting diode is a wafer consisting of a p-type semiconductor and an n-type semiconductor, and between the p-type semiconductor and the n-type semiconductor there is a transition layer called the p-n junction. In some semiconductor materials in the PN junction, the injection of minority carriers and majority carriers will be compounded when the excess energy in the form of light will be released, so that the electrical energy is directly converted to light energy. pn junction with reverse voltage, minority carriers are difficult to inject, so do not emit light. This use of injected electroluminescence principle of diode called light-emitting diode, commonly known as LED. When it is in the forward operating state (i.e., the two ends of the positive voltage), the current from the LED anode to the cathode, the semiconductor crystal from the ultraviolet to the infrared light emitted by the different colors of the light, the light intensity and the current is related. Initially used as an indicator light source for instruments and meters, and then a variety of light color LED in traffic signals and large-area displays have been widely used, resulting in good economic and social benefits. To 12 inches of red traffic signals, for example, in the United States was originally a long life, low luminous efficiency of 140 watts of incandescent lamp as a light source, which produces 2000 lumens of white light. After the red filter, the light loss of 90%, leaving only 200 lumens of red light. And in the new design of the lamp, Lumileds used 18 red LED light source, including circuit losses, including *** power consumption of 14 watts, can produce the same light efficiency. Automotive signaling is also an important area of LED light source applications. For general lighting, people need more white light source. 1998 white LED development success. This LED is the GaN chip and yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) package made together. GaN chip blue light (λp = 465nm, Wd = 30nm), high-temperature sintering made of YAG phosphor containing Ce3 + excitation of this blue light emitted after the yellow light shot, the peak value of 550nm. blue LED substrate mounted in a bowl-shaped reflective cavity, covered with a thin layer of resin mixed with YAG, about 200-500nm. The blue light emitted by the LED substrate is partly absorbed by the phosphor, and the other part of the blue light is mixed with the yellow light emitted by the phosphor to obtain white light. Now, for InGaN/YAG white LED, by changing the chemical composition of the YAG phosphor and adjusting the thickness of the phosphor layer, it is possible to obtain various colors of white light with a color temperature of 3500-10000K. This method of obtaining white light through blue LEDs is simple in construction, low cost and high in technological maturity, so it is most utilized. In the 1960s, science and technology workers use the principle of semiconductor PN junction light-emitting, developed into a LED light-emitting diode. At that time the development of LED, the material used is GaASP, its light-emitting color is red. After nearly 30 years of development, now we are very familiar with the LED, has been able to emit red, orange, yellow, green, blue and other colors of light. However, the lighting needs of white light LED only in recent years to develop, here to introduce the reader about lighting white LED. led-introduction 1. The visible light spectrum and the relationship between the LED white light. As we all know, the visible light spectrum of the wavelength range of 380nm ~ 760nm, is the human eye can feel the seven colors of light - red, orange, yellow, green, cyan, blue, purple, but these seven colors of light are each a monochromatic light. For example, the peak wavelength of the LED red light 565nm. In the visible spectrum is no white light, because white light is not monochromatic light, but by a variety of monochromatic light synthesis of composite light, just as the sun is synthesized by seven kinds of monochromatic light white light, and color television white light is also synthesized by the three primary colors of red, green and blue. It can be seen that, to make the LED emit white light, its spectral properties should include the entire visible spectral range. However, to manufacture LEDs with such properties is not possible under the current process conditions. According to people's research on visible light, the human eye can see the white light, at least two kinds of light mixing, that is, two-wavelength luminescence (blue light + yellow light) or three-wavelength luminescence (blue light + green light + red light) mode. The above two modes of white light, all need blue light, so ingesting blue light has become the key technology for manufacturing white light, that is, the current major LED manufacturing companies chasing the "blue light technology". At present, the international mastery of "blue light technology" manufacturers only a few, so the popularization and application of white LED, especially the promotion of high brightness white LED in our country there is a process. 2. White LED process structure and white light source. For general lighting, in the process structure, white LED is usually formed using two methods, the first is the use of "blue light technology" and phosphor with the formation of white light; the second is a variety of monochromatic light mixing methods. Both methods have been able to successfully produce white light devices. The first method to produce white light system shown in Figure 1, the figure LED GaM chip blue light (λp = 465nm), it and YAG (yttrium aluminum garnet) phosphor packaged together, when the phosphor by the blue light excitation after the yellow light, as a result of the blue light and yellow light mixing to form a white light (constituting the structure of the LED shown in Figure 2). The second method uses different color light chip encapsulated together, through the color light mixing and produce white light. 3. Prospects for the application of white LED lighting new light source. In order to illustrate the characteristics of white LED, first look at the current situation of the lighting lamp light source used. Incandescent lamps and tungsten halogen lamps, their luminous efficacy of 12 to 24 lumens / watt; fluorescent lamps and HID lamps for the luminous efficacy of 50 to 120 lumens / watt. For white LED: in 1998, white LED luminous efficiency is only 5 lumens / watt, to 1999 has reached 15 lumens / watt, this indicator and general household incandescent similar, and in 2000, white LED luminous efficiency has reached 25 lumens / watt, this indicator and tungsten halogen similar. A company predicted that by 2005, the luminous efficacy of LED up to 50 lumens / watt, by 2015, the luminous efficacy of LED can be expected to reach 150 ~ 200 lumens / watt. At that time, the white LED operating current will be up to ampere level. This shows that the development of white LED lighting source for home use will become a possible reality. Ordinary lighting with incandescent lamps and tungsten halogen lamps, although cheap, but low light efficiency (the thermal effect of the lamp white power consumption), short life, maintenance workload, but if you use white LED for lighting, not only high light efficiency, but also a long life (more than 10,000 hours of continuous operation), almost no maintenance. At present, the German Hella company used white LED development of aircraft reading lights; Australia's capital city of Canberra, a street has used the white LED for street lighting; China's urban traffic management lights are also using white LED to replace the early traffic order indicator. Can foresee the near future, white LED will enter the family to replace the existing lighting. LED light source with the use of low-voltage power supply, less energy consumption, applicability, high stability, short response time, no pollution to the environment, multi-color luminescence and other advantages, although the price is more expensive than the existing lighting equipment, is still considered to be it will inevitably existing lighting devices. led-features LED features and advantages LED's intrinsic characteristics determine that it is the most ideal light source to replace the traditional light source, it has a wide range of uses. Small size LED is basically a very small wafer encapsulated in epoxy resin, so it is very small and very light. Low Power Consumption LED consumes very low power, generally speaking, the working voltage of LED is 2-3.6V, and the working current is 0.02-0.03A, which means: it consumes no more than 0.1W. Long Service Life Under proper current and voltage, the service life of LED can be up to 100,000 hours. High Brightness, Low Heat Environmentally Friendly LEDs are made of non-toxic materials, unlike fluorescent lamps which contain mercury and cause pollution, and LEDs can also be recycled. LEDs are made of non-toxic materials, unlike fluorescent lamps which contain mercury that causes pollution, and LEDs can also be recycled. Rugged LEDs are completely encapsulated in epoxy resin, which makes them stronger than light bulbs and fluorescent tubes. There are no loose parts within the lamp, making LEDs resistant to damage. Color temperature and color applications: (1) the color temperature of the light source: people with the color temperature of the light source is equal or similar to the absolute temperature of the complete radiant body to describe the color of the light source of the color table (the human eye directly observing the color of the light source when the color) is also known as the color temperature of the light source. Color temperature is the absolute temperature K to indicate. Different color temperatures will cause people in different emotional responses, we generally divide the color temperature of the light source into three categories: a. Warm light: the color temperature of warm light in the 3300K or less, . Warm light and incandescent light color similar to the red component is more, give a person a warm, healthy, comfortable feeling, suitable for families, homes, dormitories, hospitals, hotels and other places, or places where the temperature is relatively low. b. Warm white light: also called intermediate color, its color temperature is between 3300K-5300K. ... Warm white light is soft, make people have a pleasant, comfortable, peaceful feeling, suitable for stores, hospitals, offices, hotels, restaurants, waiting rooms and other places. c. Cool color light: also called daylight color, its color temperature is above 5300K, the light source is close to the natural light, a bright feeling, make people concentrate, applicable to offices, meeting rooms, classrooms, drawing rooms, design rooms, reading rooms in libraries, exhibitions, windows and other places. Color rendering: The degree of color rendering of the object by the light source is called color rendering, that is, the degree of color fidelity, high color rendering of the light source on the color of the performance of the color is better, we see the color is closer to the natural color, color rendering of the light source on the color of the performance of the poor, we see the color deviation is also larger. Why is there a difference between high and low color rendering? The key to the light of the spectral properties of the light, the wavelength of visible light in the range of 380mm to 780mm, that is, we see in the spectrum of red, orange, yellow, green, blue, blue, violet light range, if the light source contains the proportion of the various colors of light radiated in the proportion of light is similar to the natural light, then the color of the color of our eyes to see is more realistic. We generally use the color rendering index to characterize color rendering. Standard colors in the standard light source radiation, color rendering index is set at 100, when the color scale by the test light source, the color in the visual distortion is the color rendering index of this light source. The greater the color rendering index, the less distortion, and conversely, the greater the distortion, the smaller the color rendering index. Different places on the light source of the color rendering index requirements are not the same. In the International Lighting Association, the color rendering index is generally divided into five categories: Category Ra Scope of application 1A ＞90 art galleries, museums and printing and other industries and places 2B 80-90 homes, restaurants, advanced textile crafts and similar industries 2 60-80 offices, schools, outdoor street lighting 3 40-60 heavy industrial factories, outdoor street lighting 3 -60 heavy industrial factories, outdoor street lighting 4 20-40 outdoor road lighting and some of the requirements of the place

[Edit]XI, LED lamps and lanterns safety requirements

LED has energy-saving, environmentally friendly advantages in the development of the lamps and lanterns industry has become the main trend. Due to the technology and product attributes used by the LED has been very different from the traditional lamps, so the existing general lamp safety standards and norms are obviously not applicable. In order to assist the industry to face this issue, this issue will take the technology used in LED luminaires, the scope of possible applications, and the safety assessment currently used by UL to explain this. LED lighting technology and characteristics The so-called LED lighting, as the name suggests, refers to lighting products using LED (Light-emitting Diode, light-emitting diode) technology as the main source of light. LED is a solid-state semiconductor components, the use of the current flow downstream to the semiconductor p-n junction coupling, and then by the semiconductor separation of negatively charged electrons and positively charged electric hole carriers combined with each other. The two carriers of the negatively charged electrons separated from the semiconductor and the positively charged holes combine with each other to produce photon emission, and different kinds of LEDs are able to emit light of different wavelengths from infrared to blue, and violet to ultraviolet, and so on. A new development in recent years has been the coating of fluorescent powder on blue LEDs, converting blue LEDs into white LEDs. This operation generally needs to be coupled with a driver circuit (LED Driver) or power supply (Power Supply), the main function of the driver circuit or power supply is to convert the AC voltage into DC power, and at the same time with the LEDs to complete the voltage and current, in order to drive the matching components. LED lighting bulbs are small, lightweight and encapsulated in epoxy resin, which can withstand high-intensity mechanical shock and vibration, are not easily broken, and have a long brightness decay cycle, so their service life can be up to 50,000-100,000 hours, far exceeding the traditional tungsten bulb's 1,000 hours and the fluorescent tube's 10,000 hours. Because the service life of LED lamps can be up to 5 ~ 10 years, so not only can significantly reduce the cost of replacement lamps and lanterns, but also because it has a very small current can be driven to emit light, in the same lighting effect, power consumption is only one-half of the fluorescent tubes, so the LED also has the advantages of energy saving and energy saving at the same time. However, because some of the technology of LED is still suspected of insufficient, so initially used in the lamps and lanterns on the shortcomings of light quality (color rendering, consistency, color temperature) is poor, not easy to dissipate heat, and the price is high, and one of the inappropriate heat dissipation will lead to LED lamps and lanterns brightness and circuitry components to accelerate the service life of the attenuation. With the rapid progress of manufacturing technology in the past decade, the above shortcomings, including the LED thermal resistance is gradually reduced, light quality is also being improved. 2008, in addition to the LED cool white luminous efficiency has reached 100 Lm / W, and LED warm white luminous efficiency is expected to 2010, can also be increased from the current 70 Lm / W to 100 Lm / W. Compared with other current general-purpose light sources, tungsten bulbs are about 15 Lm / W. In addition, tungsten bulbs have a higher luminous efficiency than other general-purpose light sources. With the current other common light sources, tungsten bulbs about 15 Lm / W, fluorescent lamps about 45 ~ 60 Lm / W, HID lamps about 120 ~ 150 Lm / W, LED luminous efficiency has clearly been gradually advantageous; the following is a comparison of LED and other common lamps and lanterns: Lighting Methods Characteristics

White LED heat source, operating environment, miniaturization, vibration-resistant, beam concentration

Fluorescent (fluorescent) lamps Fluorescent lamps save electricity, but the waste is fragile with mercury pollution and other issues

Incandescent tungsten bulbs low efficiency, high power consumption, short life, fragile

Product Selection Guide Application Direction 1, building exterior lighting to project an area of the building is nothing more than the use of the control of the angle of the beam of light in the shape of the round head and the shape of the square head of the projector light fixtures, which is completely consistent with the concept of traditional projector lighting fixtures, which is the same as the traditional lighting fixtures, which is a good idea. This is exactly the same as the concept of traditional floodlighting fixtures. However, due to the LED light source is small and thin, the development of linear floodlight fixtures has undoubtedly become a major highlight of the LED floodlight fixtures, because many buildings simply do not have a place to place the traditional floodlight. It is easy to install, can be installed horizontally or vertically, and better combined with the surface of the building, for lighting designers to bring a new lighting vocabulary, expanding the creative space. And will have an impact on the lighting practices of modern and historical buildings. 2, landscape lighting LED lights effect diagram As LED is not like traditional lamps and lanterns light source is mostly glass bubble shell, it can be a good organic combination with urban street furniture. Can be in the city's leisure space such as paths, stairs, decks, waterfront, gardening for lighting. For flowers or low shrubs, LEDs can be used as a light source for illumination.LED hidden floodlight fixtures will be especially favored. The fixed end can be designed for plug and play, according to the height of plant growth, easy to adjust. 3, signs and indicative lighting Need to space limit and guide the place, such as the road surface of the separation of the display, the local lighting of the stair treads, emergency exit instructions, you can use the appropriate surface brightness of the LED self-luminous buried lights or embedded in the vertical wall lamps and lanterns, such as cinema auditorium ground guide lights or seat side of the lights, as well as shopping centers within the floor of the guide lights and so on. In addition, LED compared with neon, because it is low voltage, there is no fragile glass, not because of the production of bending and increased costs, it is worthwhile to promote the use of signage design. 4, indoor space display lighting In terms of lighting quality, because the LED light source has no heat, ultraviolet and infrared radiation, the exhibits or merchandise will not produce damage, compared with traditional light sources, lamps and lanterns do not need to attach a light filtering device, the lighting system is simple, inexpensive, easy to install. Its precise light distribution, can be used as a museum of fiber-optic lighting alternatives. Commercial lighting will mostly use colored LED, indoor decorative white LED combined with interior decoration for the interior to provide auxiliary lighting, concealed light band can be used LED, for low space is particularly beneficial. 5, entertainment venues and stage lighting Due to the LED's dynamic, digital control of color, brightness and dimming, lively saturated colors can create static and dynamic lighting effects. From white light to any color in the full spectrum, the use of LEDs in the lighting of such spaces opens up new ideas. The long life and high lumen maintenance value (90% of luminous flux is maintained after 10,000 hours) reduces maintenance costs and the frequency of light source replacement compared to the 50 to 250 hour life of PAR lamps and metal halide lamps. In addition, LEDs overcome the phenomenon of color shift after a period of use of metal halide lamps. Compared with PAR lamps, there is no heat radiation, which can make the space more comfortable. Currently LED color decorative wall in the restaurant building application has become popular. 6, video screen Full-color LED display is the world's most compelling outdoor large-scale display device, using advanced digital video processing technology, there is an unparalleled super-large area and ultra-high brightness. According to different indoor and outdoor environments, various specifications of light-emitting pixels are used to achieve different brightness, color and resolution to meet a variety of uses. It can dynamically display graphic and animation information, and using multimedia technology, it can play all kinds of multimedia files. The world's most influential LED display screen at present, when the United States Manhattan Times Square New York Stock Exchange, a total of 18,677,760 LEDs were used, an area of 10,736 square feet. The screen can be divided into a number of images, while the simultaneous display of the Wall Street stock market market at a glance in front of the public. Another rise in Shanghai Pudong Lujiazui financial center of the AURORA International Headquarters, the entire building facade towards Puxi set on the 100m long super large LED screen, a total area of 3,600 square meters. It is the first of its kind in the world. 7、Vehicle indicator lighting Applicable to electric vehicles. Motorcycle automobile Lighting of each lamp

[Edit this paragraph] twelve, LED lamp power supply determines the life of the LED lamp

Constant-current source drive is the best way to drive the LED, using a constant-current source drive, do not have to series current-limiting resistors in the output circuit, the LED current flowing through the LED is not subject to the external power supply voltage variations, ambient temperature variations, and the impact of the LED parameters of the discrete, so as to adhere to the current constant, filling the current, the current is constant, and the LED is not affected. Thus can adhere to the current constant, fully play the various excellent characteristics of the LED. LED constant current power supply to the LED lamps and lanterns power supply, because the power supply during the work will automatically detect and control the current flowing through the LED, therefore, do not have to worry about in the power of the sudden overly high current flowing through the LED, do not have to worry about the load short-circuit power supply burnt