At present, methanol, ethanol and alcohol products are in short supply. Here is a guide to getting rich. This is the period when dinosaurs ruled the earth. At that time, the climate on the earth was very warm and humid. The surface of the earth is covered with lycopodium, fern and fern, which are more than 30 meters high. Dense aerial roots and tabular roots are thick, and the branches and leaves are intertwined, covering the sky. Especially in lakes, basins and other low-lying areas and water-bearing environments, ancient ferns such as seal wood and scale wood are particularly flourishing. Suddenly, disaster arrival!

With Jiahua Yang's description, we saw such an earth-shattering scene: violent storms, earthquakes, thunder and lightning, and roaring floods. For a time, a large area of trees fell and was covered by muddy swamps; The luxuriant ferns were swallowed up by the rapid mudslide. During this period, dinosaurs, the rulers of the land, suffered a catastrophe and perished on the earth.

Of course, this is a long process. Jiahua Yang said that the Jurassic began 203 million years ago and ended in 654.38+35 billion years, and * * * experienced 68 million years. But in the history of hundreds of millions of years, this process can be said to be an instant. It is true that philosophers often say that when God closes a door for you, he also opens another door for you. At that moment in the late Jurassic, dinosaurs became extinct, but the black dragon that benefited modern people was born.

At that time, the tall trees in Weibei dry plateau, including Beilin coalfield, were quickly submerged after falling, causing the fallen trees to be isolated from oxygen. In an anoxic environment, plants will not decompose and rot quickly. With more and more fallen trees, the accumulation layer of plant residues is finally formed. With the cover of swamp and the participation of microorganisms, these accumulation layers have changed into peat through biochemical and physical-chemical changes. Later, the subsidence of the earth's crust led to the rise of relative sea level, and peat was compacted and dehydrated under the cover of thicker and thicker sediments, and gradually turned into lignite, bituminous coal and even anthracite under the action of rising ground temperature.

Things change when the stars move. Compared with other "black dragons" in Weibei dry plateau, such as Hancheng Coal Mine, Tongchuan Coal Mine and Chang Bin Coal Mine, the "black dragon" north of Linyou appeared a little late, but after all, the old one has already appeared. As we all know, coal, like oil and natural gas, is a non-renewable primary energy source, which is precious. The discovery of Beilin coalfield is a great blessing for Baoji.

It is understood that in 2002, the relevant state ministries and commissions issued a pilot program to expand ethanol gasoline for vehicles. Ethanol, commonly known as alcohol, is a new type of automobile fuel, which is a mixture of denatured fuel ethanol and gasoline in a certain proportion. Developed countries such as the United States and Japan also began to develop alcohol ether fuel as early as last century. In 2003, the relevant departments of our country also included alcohol ether fuel in the National Alternative Energy Development Plan, and suggested that it be tested and popularized in Shanxi. Although the performance and fuel consumption of these petroleum substitutes are almost the same as that of ordinary gasoline, it is still unknown whether they can be widely accepted for various reasons. Ni, an academician of China Academy of Engineering and chairman of the steering committee of Tsinghua -BP Clean Energy Research and Education Center, believes that the products that can replace oil in China should be large in quantity and scale first, and then the raw materials should be sufficient. According to this standard, the best product to replace oil is coal.

Coal is the most important basic energy in China, and developing coal chemical products is an important way to give full play to the resource advantages of coal mining areas, optimize China's energy structure, extend the coal industry chain and enhance the added value of coal products. Facing the increasingly urgent contradiction between oil supply and demand, making full use of China's rich coal resources to carry out coal chemical industry and realize the transformation of coal into petroleum and chemical products to make up for the shortage of oil supply has become a hot spot of great concern to many coal enterprises in China.

According to a document of Xukuang Group, one-fifth of China's proven coal resources are used as oil-changing raw materials, and an average of 1 ton of fuel oil is produced for every 4 tons of raw coal, which is equivalent to about 72.8 billion tons of crude oil resources, which is more than six times the estimated remaining recoverable reserves of China's oil at present.

God won't close one door, but he will open another! In the case of global shortage of oil resources, changing coal to oil is undoubtedly the best choice to alleviate the contradiction between supply and demand.

Coal-to-oil: A bright future and a long way to go

"Coal to oil", that is, coal liquefaction, refers to the technology of making coal into gasoline, diesel oil and liquefied petroleum gas.

Coal liquefaction can be divided into direct liquefaction and indirect liquefaction. Direct liquefaction refers to the hydrocracking of coal at high temperature and high pressure and its conversion into oil products. Indirect liquefaction refers to the gasification of raw coal: the raw gas of carbon monoxide and hydrogen is obtained after purification, and then the related oil products or chemical products are synthesized under the action of catalyst at high temperature and high pressure.

Experts pointed out that the coal utilization mode based on combustion has caused serious acid rain and dust pollution in China. The popularization of "coal to oil" technology will not only greatly alleviate the increasingly serious environmental problems. The comprehensive benefits are also considerable.

First of all, from the product point of view, the main products of coal liquefaction are gasoline, diesel oil, aviation kerosene, naphtha, LTG, ethylene and other important chemical raw materials, and the by-products are hard wax, ammonia, alcohol, ketone, tar, sulfur, gas and so on. Indirect liquefaction products can be adjusted by choosing different catalysts, which can not only produce oil products, but also adjust according to market needs to produce hundreds of chemical products with high added value, high price and short market.

Secondly, in terms of quality, gasoline and diesel oil obtained by indirect coal liquefaction are all high-quality products, in which the content of sulfur and nitrogen is far below the standard of commercial oil, and the quality can reach or even exceed the standard of commercial oil. Gasoline, diesel oil and aviation kerosene are mainly used as engine fuels; LTG can be used as civil and industrial fuel and engine fuel. Ethylene and propylene are used to produce polyethylene and poly.

An important chemical raw material for propylene or other polymers.