According to the ecological habits of cockroaches, a biologist once came to a conclusion: if there is a global nuclear war on the earth one day, all creatures in the affected area, including humans and even fish, will disappear, and only cockroaches will continue their lives! This is because under normal circumstances, the radiation that the human body can bear is 5 rem, and once the total radiation exceeds 800 rem, it will die. Blattella germanica can tolerate 9000~ 105000rems, and Periplaneta americana can tolerate 967500rems! So cockroaches can survive even if there is a nuclear explosion. At present, the U.S. government spends1500 million dollars to eliminate cockroaches every year, which is about twice the budget for AIDS prevention and control.
Most of them look the same, but if you look closely, you can still see the difference. At present, taxonomists divide cockroaches into about 6,000 species, of which about 50 species are pests, such as common Asian cockroaches. In addition, Periplaneta americana, Blattella germanica, brown cockroach and Australian cockroach are also widely distributed. There are about 200 species in China, and the common indoor cockroaches are about 10, which varies from place to place. Blattella germanica and Periplaneta americana are common.
Blattella germanica is very small, about 10~ 15mm long, and its adult is brownish yellow, which is a common dominant species in northern China. They are not only distributed in houses, but also in restaurants, restaurants, hospitals, ships, trains and passenger planes.
Periplaneta americana is a dominant species of indoor pests in southern China, with a body size of about 30~40mm, which is distributed in dark and humid environments such as sewers, heating ditches, toilets, bathrooms, breweries and sauce factories.
Cockroaches like the dark and fear the light. They like to go out at night on their stomach during the day and occasionally see them during the day. Generally, after dusk, they start to climb out for food and return to their nests in the morning. The temperature is the most active at 24~32℃, and it is completely inactive at 4℃. In the tropics, cockroaches can breed and move all year round. In northern China, if the indoor temperature is suitable in winter and there is heating equipment, cockroaches can move and reproduce as usual. Cockroaches are mostly oviparous, and their eggs are arranged orderly in the egg sheath, which can resist the influence of adverse environment and is not easy to be killed by chemical drugs. When conditions are suitable, they can hatch larvae. Cockroaches have a strong reproductive ability. After the male and female cockroaches mate, the female cockroaches will grow a pod-like thing on the tail, called an egg sheath, in which the eggs are laid. A few females can produce more than 10 and more than 90 egg sheaths. In an egg sheath, at least 10 cockroaches can be hatched, and at most more than 50 small cockroaches can be hatched, which is related to the species of cockroaches. In the eastern United States, there are more than 1000 cockroaches living in an average house; And a pair of Blattella germanica can breed 100,000 offspring in just one year! It takes about 15 days for the eggs of cockroaches to hatch in the egg clip. The newly hatched cockroach is a milky nymph without wings. Like other kinds of insects, it must shed its skin when it grows up. After molting for 3~4 times, you can see the wing buds. Blattella germanica needs 6~7 molts to reach the adult stage of sexual maturity, while Periplaneta americana needs 10~ 12 times. The growth and molting time of cockroaches are closely related to climate factors and food acquisition. Usually this process is completed within two months. Most cockroaches living in the wild feed on decaying organic matter or litter. Cockroaches living in houses like starchy food. They often leave pathogenic organisms on the food they climb and spread diseases. Cockroaches have the bad habit of eating, spitting and excreting, polluting food and spreading many diseases, such as dysentery, paracholera, hepatitis, tuberculosis, diphtheria, scarlet fever and ascariasis. No matter what kind of cockroach it is, the pathogens it spreads are typhoid Bacillus, dysentery Bacillus, Escherichia coli, tuberculosis Bacillus, anthrax Bacillus, gall fungus and eggs of tapeworms, ascaris, schistosomiasis and so on. Cockroaches also secrete and excrete odorous substances, which make people feel sick and even vomit after smelling them. The Thai government has announced that it will no longer allow the sale of a "giant cockroach" originating in Madagascar in the name of a pet, and it is also prohibited for ordinary individuals to own it.
Cockroaches are moderate in size, easy to raise and have strong reproductive ability, and have long been the favorite experimental objects of biologists. Cockroaches are domestic pests that lie down during the day and come out at night. During the day, cockroaches mostly hide in the corner of the kitchen, in the gap of the cupboard, and go out to find food at night. Cockroaches eat almost everything, fragrant, smelly, hard and soft. Sometimes it will eat the paste in the spine and bite the book; Get into the TV and radio and bite the wire sheath; It even bites the baby's skin and fingers. It also eats feces, sputum and small animal carcasses. It excretes feces while eating, which makes the body dirty, carries germs, pollutes food and spreads various diseases, such as paratyphoid fever, dysentery, tuberculosis and acute hepatitis. Cockroaches are omnivorous insects that eat almost everything, not just meat and vegetables. They are all kinds of snacks, especially those that are spoiled and fermented. Garbage, feces, animal carcasses, bread, cakes, steamed bread, clothes, books, fur, Chinese herbal medicines, soap, from clothes to garbage, and even the paste on books are all cockroach food. Water is also essential for cockroaches.
Living habits of cockroaches
Several stages of growth Cockroaches are gradually metamorphosed insects, and the whole life cycle includes three stages: eggs, nymphs or adults.
1: How do cockroaches mate and lay eggs?
Male and female adults can mate about a week after emergence. Males can mate many times in their lifetime, while females only mate 1 or twice. 1 mating can make them produce fertilized eggs for life.
Female insects lay eggs in special colloidal capsules, forming egg sheaths (egg pods). The egg sheath is produced by female insect secretion, which is smooth and hard, has waterproof function and can protect the development of its endosperm. The shape of egg sheaths, the number of egg sheaths laid by females and the number of eggs contained in them vary from species to species, even the same cockroach will vary according to environmental conditions and nutritional status.
Unmatched females can also produce egg sheaths, but generally they cannot hatch nymphs. However, some species such as Periplaneta americana and Periplaneta saccharum have parthenogenesis, that is, females can produce fertile eggs without mating.
The behavior of the cockroach spawning sheath varies from species to species, and there are three main ways for cockroaches to be indoors.
Answer: 1-2 After laying the egg sheath, the female insect chooses a relatively hidden place, bites out a depression on the surface of the object, spreads the egg sheath inside, and then covers the egg sheath with sticky saliva mixed with sawdust or paper. They sometimes use saliva to directly stick the egg sheath to the habitat, such as cabinets, wooden (paper) boxes, table corners or sundries. This kind of egg sheath contains enough nutrients to meet the needs of embryo development. Periplaneta americana, periplaneta fuliginosa, etc. Lay eggs in this way.
B: After the female lays the egg sheath, she drags it at the ventral end until the nymph comes out of the egg sheath. In-egg embryos constantly get necessary water and nutrition from the mother during development, and the egg sheath is carried by the mother worm, so it can be better protected. If the egg sheath falls off prematurely, the eggs inside will not hatch. The oviposition mode of Blattella germanica belongs to this type.
C: Female insects first produce thin and soft egg sheaths and lay eggs in them. After laying eggs, the egg sheath shrinks into the "nursery" in the body and remains until the nymph hatches. This is an image of a viviparous cockroach. The oviposition mode of sugarcane borer belongs to this type.
The reproduction of cockroaches is a combination of sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction. A mature female cockroach can produce an egg sheath containing 14-40 eggs every 7- 10 days. The egg sheath is colloid, and the incubation temperature is 20℃ -37℃. The higher the temperature, the shorter the incubation time. The constant temperature is 30℃, which only takes 20-30 days, and the length can reach more than three months. A female cockroach can breed nearly 10,000 offspring a year, up to100,000 at most. Under extreme conditions, female cockroaches can lay eggs without male cockroaches. In other words, many female cockroaches will be hermaphrodite once they mate, and they can lay eggs continuously without mating.
2. The egg period of cockroaches
The eggs are narrow and long, milky white and translucent, and arranged in two neat rows in the egg sheath. Suture of fetal head hole. When hatching, the nymph pushes upward, causing the closed egg sheath seam to crack and escape.
The number of eggs in the egg sheath varies from species to species, that is, the number of eggs in the egg sheath of the same cockroach can also vary according to environmental conditions and spawning times, ranging from several to more than 50.
When the temperature is 25℃ and the relative temperature is 60~80%, the egg period is about 28~90 days.
3. The nymph stage of cockroaches
Nymphs just hatched from the egg sheath all gather around the egg sheath, showing white color, and then gradually darken and spread out. Nymphs are similar in appearance to adults, but they are small, wingless and have immature sex organs. Nymphs develop slowly. It must undergo molting several times and grow up gradually, and the number of tentacles and tails also increases with age. After the nymph molts for the last time, it will grow wings and emerge as an adult. The newly molted nymph and newly emerged adult are also white, and then the color gradually darkens, so in a population, it can be seen that a cockroach will also change due to environmental conditions. The nymph stage is long, generally lasting about 30~450 days. After losing appendages or damaging antennae, nymphs can molt and regenerate at the next age. This kind of injury regeneration will also increase the number of molting.
4. Adult stage of cockroaches
Male and female adults can be easily distinguished by their external forms:
A: Male cockroaches have two pairs of appendages at the tail, with 1 pair of segmented tail whiskers and 1 pair of tiny spines. Female cockroaches have only 1 appendages in their tails, that is, tail whiskers, and no spikes.
B: Male cockroaches are generally thin and slender, while female beetles are plump and spacious.
C: In a few species, the wings of male cockroaches are developed and reach the tail end, while the wings of female cockroaches only cover the first half of the abdomen, or they are wingless.
A characteristic of cockroach's life history is its long cycle. As far as Blattella germanica with the shortest cycle is concerned, it usually takes more than two months to complete a generation, and Periplaneta americana with the longest cycle exceeds 1 year. The length of life history not only varies with species, but also varies with different temperature and nutritional conditions.
Adults also live a long life. The shortest life span of Blattella germanica is about 100 days, and the longest life span of Periplaneta americana is 1 year. Life span also varies with species and environmental conditions.
Cockroaches have a long life cycle and a long life span. Therefore, a fertilized female cockroach will produce a large number of egg sheaths in her life, and Periplaneta americana can produce more than 50 at most, so cockroaches are very fertile.
Time required for the first generation of five kinds of cockroaches (days)
Seed, egg stage, nymph stage and pre-spawning stage * * *
Periplaneta australis 47.26311.7919.58 378.63
Periplaneta maculata 45.04 246.1814.92 30638+04.
Periplaneta fuliginosa 46.08312.3515.00373.43
Periplaneta japonica 33.50 184.00 9.80 227.30
Blattella germanica17.90 40-84 7-8 64.9-109.9
strange hobby
Cockroaches like to live in warm, humid, food-rich and crevice places, which are the four basic conditions for their reproduction. All buildings where people live and live generally have these conditions, so cockroaches have become health pests that infringe on thousands of households.
Love of warmth and tide is an important habit of cockroaches. It is not difficult to find that the kitchen is always the most seriously violated place, whether in restaurants, families, or on trains and ships. Even in the kitchen, they generally like to live near stoves and pools.
It is also an important habit of cockroaches to lie down during the day and go out at night. Hiding in dark places during the day, such as indoor furniture, cracks in walls, corners of caves, sundries, etc. At night, especially after the lights are turned off and people are asleep, they go out for activities, or seek food or courtship. Therefore, in the 24 hours of a day, about 75% of the time is resting.
Cockroaches have a flat body, which is suitable for drilling and hiding holes, and can hide in narrow cracks and holes. For example, the adults and nymphs of Blattella germanica can hide in the gap of only 1.6 mm, and the females with eggs can also live in the gap of 4.5 mm wide. When they perch in the crevice, females with eggs can also perch in the crevice 4.5 mm wide. When they perch in the crevice, their feet cling to their bodies, their tails extend horizontally or contact with the supporting surface, and their tentacles often extend and wave from time to time to keep alert.
Hazards of cockroaches
In addition, cockroaches can also be artificially infected with bacteria that cause cholera, pneumonia, diphtheria, gangrene, anthrax and tuberculosis in Asia.
Cockroaches can carry many kinds of eggs, such as roundworms, hookworms, beef tapeworms, roundworms and whipworms. They can also be used as intermediate hosts for Echinococcus moniliforme, Hymenolepis brevis, tumor ducts and other nematodes.
Cockroaches can also carry many kinds of protozoa, among which four kinds of protozoa are pathogenic to humans or animals, such as amebic dysentery and Giardia.
Experimental studies have confirmed that cockroaches can carry, preserve and excrete viruses, including Coxsackie virus and poliovirus.
Cockroaches can also carry fungi. A variety of fungi, including a large number of Aspergillus flavus, were isolated from cockroaches captured indoors in Nanjing and Nantong, Jiangsu Province.
Although cockroaches carry a variety of pathogens, it is generally believed that pathogens cannot reproduce in their bodies and belong to mechanical transmission media. However, due to their wide invasion range and miscellaneous eating habits, they can move in garbage, toilets, bathrooms and other places, and can also eat food, so they can not be ignored in causing intestinal diseases and the spread of parasitic eggs. In addition, cases of allergic reactions caused by cockroach body fluids and feces have also been reported.
Moreover, products from factories, goods in shops and food at home may all cause economic losses because of cockroaches' biting. Occasionally, there will be communication equipment and computer failures caused by cockroaches, which will lead to accidents. Some people abroad call cockroaches "computer pests".
The seasonal fluctuation of cockroaches in different areas is slightly different. Periplaneta fuliginosa is the dominant population in Shanghai, Jiangsu and Zhejiang. Activities began in mid-April, and with the temperature rising month by month, activities increased and the density increased obviously. July-September is the peak of activity and August is the peak of density. From June 65438+ 10, the activity weakened with the decrease of temperature, and the wintering period was from June 65438+February to March of the following year. The seasonal fluctuation of Periplaneta americana in this area is basically the same as that in periplaneta fuliginosa.
Cockroach control
1. To eliminate cockroaches, we must first ensure environmental sanitation, clean up in time, including toilets and sewers, and clean up garbage in time. Don't leave a sanitary corner at home, don't put food in the open air in the kitchen, don't leave stagnant water at home, and block the gap in time to prevent cockroaches from breeding. Check carefully, even the old computer case. People living in a building had better act in unison, so that cockroaches have nowhere to hide.
2. First, find out where Xiao Qiang, the cockroach at home, is hiding.
Cockroaches like hot, dark and humid places. Pay attention to water sources, food-rich kitchens, restaurants, bathrooms, sewers, trash cans and so on. Small cockroaches can get into cracks 0.5 mm thick. Adult male cockroaches can get into the gap of 1.6 mm, and female cockroaches with eggs need to hide in places 4.5 mm or two coins thick, especially in narrow and tight gaps, such as gaps between furniture. Any gap larger than 1.6 cm is a refuge for cockroaches. Cockroach nests will also be built where paper bags, boxes and corrugated paper piles are piled up. Some people pile books, newspapers, magazines or cartons next to the refrigerator. The damp and warm refrigerator is a hotbed of cockroaches, and these cartons have become the best breathing space for cockroaches. Cockroach nests are generally hidden in operating rooms, laundry rooms, heating boxes, behind televisions, computers and refrigerators, and in kitchens and sewers. If you want to wipe out the cockroach completely, you must find its nest and kill its eggs. You know, an ordinary cockroach can breed tens of thousands after half a year!
In order to eliminate cockroaches, you must do the following work:
A. Clean up garbage and unused items, especially books, newspapers and magazines at home;
B. Check the bottom and back of furniture, as well as hidden places such as false ceilings, air ducts and wire troughs;
C. Fill the cracks and gaps on the ceiling, wall and floor with non-thermal insulation materials to achieve the best sealing effect.
D all cockroach remains and egg sheaths must be crushed and removed to prevent egg sheaths from hatching. (1: For the egg sheath, it must be burned. 2: Rush into the sewer. )
E try to avoid using plywood or ceiling wall for furniture, and choose furniture made of aluminum, stainless steel and plastic, which is easy to wash and has no heat preservation effect, so cockroaches are not easy to survive. It is best to keep furniture away from the wall, so it is not easy to hide cockroaches.
3. What do cockroaches eat?
Cockroaches have similar habits to humans, and like fermented foods rich in starch or sweetness, such as bread, cream, beer, fried flour, sesame oil, brown sugar and onions. Among them, German cockroaches, which are common in families, prefer fatty foods, while American cockroaches prefer sweets and beer.
According to the habits of cockroaches, you must cut off their food sources.
A. Keep the residence dry and clean: delimit a strict eating area, and do not eat any food except the restaurant and kitchen. Pay attention to the cleanliness of the kitchen and bathroom, and no water is allowed.
B. Store food correctly and thoroughly clean up food residues after feeding pets. (For cats at home, dog friends must pay attention)
C. completely empty the trash can at least once a day. Tie the mouth of the garbage bag tightly before putting it.
D. don't eat in bed.
Prevent cockroaches from coming in
Pipes extending in all directions are the rapid transport system of cockroaches. At night, cockroaches in the drainage ditch will crawl into the room in droves along the drainage pipe and climb out from the gaps in the drainage holes, walls and doors and windows.
In order to prevent cockroaches from entering the house, you must do:
Install screen doors and screens, or add fine nets to drainage holes; At night, the external drainage holes at home should be covered to prevent cockroaches from entering. Close the holes in the external wall, floor and platform so that the pipes and wires of the split air conditioning system can pass through or install the system. Coat a layer of vaseline with a width of at least 10 cm around the dry drainage hole to prevent cockroaches from crossing the hole; Install barbed wire with a mesh width of 2 mm on the drainage hole.
catch
At 8 ~ 12 pm, when cockroaches were active, they suddenly turned on the light to search and killed adults and nymphs. Before the cockroach breeding season, it can be killed for several nights continuously, which can greatly reduce the insect density. Burn cockroaches, eggs and nymphs hiding in various gaps with hot soap or washing powder. Carefully fill and smooth the gaps in stoves and cabinets that are easy to hide cockroaches. Bamboo, wooden furniture, drawers, etc. Places where cockroaches live together can be scalded with boiling water. Mix oil with No.0 ink, add a little sesame oil, spread it on kraft paper, sprinkle some sugar in the center of the paper, and put the paper on the stove, cupboard, etc. I'll collect it in the evening and morning. Cockroaches get stuck when they are active. Generally, the validity period is 10 day. HD and others also sell special sticky paper.
6. How to use cockroach medicine:
All kinds of shops have all kinds of drugs to kill cockroaches, so I won't go into details. It should be noted that cockroaches like to repeat the route, and the medicine will be effective if it is placed in the right position. Drugs should be placed or sprayed in cockroach nests and routes. The location of the cockroach nest can be seen above, and the route should be observed. You know, cockroaches have lived on the earth for more than 300 million years and have strong adaptability. It is said that the only creature that can survive after the atomic bomb explosion is it. Isn't it awesome? Cockroaches will quickly develop drug adaptability in the next generation, and when a drug fails, it will be changed. (Drugs must use biological cockroach killing drugs that are environmentally friendly, effective and harmless to people, such as Xiao Taijian and Poison Island)
When applying pesticide, the food and water of cockroaches should be removed, because cockroaches are hungry and dry-resistant, especially pregnant female cockroaches with eggs, and they must have enough food and water, otherwise the egg sheath cannot hatch.
7. Dispose of cockroach carcasses
Wear gloves; The area or equipment (including gloves) contacted by cockroach carcasses should be cleaned and disinfected with household disinfectant as soon as possible.
8. Ways to drive away cockroaches:
Cockroaches use the bristles on their tails to detect the movement around them, which is as sensitive as hearing organs. So there was an instrument to drive away cockroaches like a mouse. Driving away will hurt the neighbors. Suggest elimination.
9. plant flowers to avoid cockroaches
Does planting flowers have anything to do with controlling cockroaches? A little bit. It is said that cockroaches don't like some plants, such as green radish. Why not try to beautify the environment and avoid cockroaches?
10. Regular inspection
Anything you buy home or bring into the house, you'd better confirm it before entering the house. Especially what YARDSALE bought second-hand. For example, I once helped my friend repair the computer, and when I opened the case, I got a ... as a thank-you gift, haha.
In any case, please remember not to use chemical cockroach killer. First, cockroaches are most prone to drug resistance.
The secret of cockroach's headless existence;
Cockroaches can live for a week without their heads. Understand why insects such as cockroaches can survive without heads, and you can understand why humans can't. If a person's head is cut off, it will immediately bleed, blood pressure will drop, which will hinder the transmission of oxygen and nutrients and cannot supply the tissues needed to sustain life. In addition, people's breathing depends on the mouth or nose, and these functions are controlled by the brain, so cutting off the head will stop breathing. Besides, human beings can't eat without brains.
Cockroach's biological clock:
The learning ability of cockroaches varies greatly in the morning and evening. This is the first research report that proves that the learning ability of insects will be affected by biological clock, which will undoubtedly help people to study the role of biological clock in depth.
The study was led by biologist Trier. The page of Vanderbilt University in the United States. He and his research team trained cockroaches to associate their unpleasant mint oil smell with their favorite vanilla smell, and trained them at different times of the day for 24 hours to test how long they could remember this connection. It turns out that cockroaches can remember this connection for several days after training at night. Training at night, the effect is good; In the morning training, cockroaches can't form new memories at all.
Page said that it was really surprising that the defects caused in the morning were so obvious. So why don't cockroaches want to learn new things at this time? Page said that there is no accurate answer yet.
Previous studies on the biological clock mostly focused on the visual system, but this study is very different. Page said that this study includes the olfactory system, which shows that the biological clock can affect a large number of sensory organs.
This experiment helps people to study the relationship between biological clock and memory, learning and so on. Page said: "This study shows that at least in some cases, certain times of the day can have a far-reaching impact. By studying the way the biological clock regulates learning and memory, we can have a deeper understanding of the mechanism of these processes and what factors can affect them. "
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Another sound about cockroaches
Transform cockroaches
Are cockroaches really "dirty beetles"? Experts study that cockroaches are actually cleaner than people and are always cleaning their bodies. Moreover, cockroaches are "modest" and leave when people come. The National Geographic Channel will broadcast "The Secret Files of Cockroaches" tomorrow night 10, inviting you to see cockroaches you don't know.
Lin Jindun, a professor of life science at Taiwan Province Normal University, and the student group "Cockroach Family" filmed the scientific education documentary "The Secret of Cockroach", which stood out in the documentary selection project of "Blooming the Real Taiwan Province Province" jointly organized by the Executive Yuan and the global headquarters of National Geographic Channel last year and has been broadcast in 145 countries since this month. A world premiere ceremony will be held at Normal University tonight.
Cockroaches are almost "must kill" insects for human beings. However, Lin Jindun, who has studied cockroaches for many years, said that cockroaches are actually more qualified than humans to be called "indigenous people of the earth." As early as 300 million years ago, the ancestors of cockroaches appeared on the earth, while humans only appeared 2 million years ago. There are more than 4,000 species of cockroaches in the world, most of which are born in the wild, and only 7 or 8 species are annoying.
In the documentary, the audience will find that cockroaches are actually cleaner than humans. In addition to sleeping and eating, they are concentrating on cleaning their bodies, including important parts such as tentacles, hexapods or tail hair, to maintain the sensitivity of their body surfaces. Careful people will find that cockroaches will carefully pull their tentacles to their mouths with their front feet, and then clean up the 175 nodes of the tentacles in order with saliva. Lin Jindun revealed that this action was more ingenious than when Sun Cuifeng, the king of songs, sang "Puppet Show".
Lin Jindun pointed out that people who say cockroaches are bad don't know cockroaches. Cockroaches are beneficial insects, not pests. It is only because they have the responsibility to clean up sundries and are adjacent to human kitchen waste and dirty environment that they conflict with human beings. However, cockroaches are quite modest. They left when they saw someone coming. They just get rid of those smelly and moldy things on human body. Why do humans pursue them?
After reading The Cockroach's Secret, "You won't see the cockroach again. You just want to turn it 90 degrees and kill it." Lin Jindun really agreed.
Are cockroaches really "dirty" cockroaches? "In fact, they love cleanliness more than people, and they are always cleaning themselves up; They are also very modest, and people will automatically avoid it as soon as they appear. " Yesterday, Lin Jindun, a professor of life science at National Taiwan University, helped cockroaches spit out the grievances of "stigma" for 300 million years through a documentary.
Lin Jindun studied cockroaches 15 years. He said that cockroaches wash their tentacles, hexapods or tail hairs in their spare time to maintain the sensitivity of body surface organs. In addition, the smooth chitin of cockroach exoskeleton makes it difficult to get dirty.
He stressed that cockroaches will be attracted only when the environment where people live is dirty. It is really unreasonable for people to blame "sweeping monk" instead of reviewing themselves. Without cockroaches to help clean up, man-made garbage is more likely to breed microorganisms and pathogens due to mildew and odor, which will cause harm to all living things. The stink of cockroaches is actually a sacrifice. "Just like a hard cleaner, can you ask him to wear a suit and tie to work?"
Lin Jindun pointed out that cockroaches are ecological scavengers and food chain stabilizers. In addition to removing small fragments and preventing them from becoming bacterial toxins, the discharged feces can also be used as nutrients for plants and food for birds, frogs and spiders. Cockroaches are rich in protein, which is fried in restaurants in Pingtung, and there are three kinds of medicines in Yunnan, and their components are used to treat heart disease.
Why can cockroaches exist from 300 million years ago and have not been eliminated? Documentary shows their superior viability. They are scud insects. If the running speed is converted into 320 kilometers per hour, a female cockroach can produce 10,000 offspring, and there is a unique valve to drown them, and they can live for a month without eating or drinking. They can last for three months in the presence of water and survive for more than 38 hours in the presence of air pumping. After cutting off their heads, their feet will move after a week.
Lin Jindun said that there are more than 4,000 species of cockroaches, most of which were born in the wild. There are 75 species in Taiwan Province Province, but only 7 or 8 species of cockroaches live with human beings, such as American cockroaches and German cockroaches. In the past 300 million years, the shape and structure of the cockroach have not changed except that it has become smaller (half smaller than the fossil 8.9 cm) and flattened (easier to hide), which is what he appreciates most.
The above information in the documentary "The X Files of Cockroaches" reminds people of the correct attitude towards cockroaches. Although some people say that cockroaches can infect more than 40 diseases, Lin Jindun said in an exclusive interview with the Central News Agency that all living things carry bacteria, and the number of bacteria in human mouth is as high as that in the world. Bird flu came, humans killed all the birds, dengue fever came, mosquitoes were killed, mad cow disease came, rabies came, dogs were killed, but AIDS.
Therefore, he hopes that people will learn more about and tolerate cockroaches with the attitude of respecting the life of all things, and even learn the humble and low-key lifestyle of cockroaches.
Talking about the origin of the connection with cockroaches, Lin Jindun said that when he was a child in the country, his family was poor, and his brothers often ate roasted cockroaches, which were delicious and delicious, which made him full of gratitude for cockroaches. Later, he studied the biological research based on nerve, studied the behavior of cockroaches that survived 300 million years ago, and especially asked Academia Sinica for pure American cockroaches. There were more than 2,000 cockroaches at the zoo of Taiwan Province Provincial Normal University, and now there are more than 500 cockroaches.
He said that cockroaches have two compound eyes and two single eyes, and everyone thought that one eye was degraded. His research found that one eye of cockroach has the function of distinguishing light, which can help compound eyes. In the dark, you can see color, depth of field and three-dimensional sense, which is helpful to escape. In addition, the two tail hairs at the back have nineteen knots, and each knot has eleven sensory hairs, so you can feel the airflow. Therefore, people can see it at a glance when they hit from the front.
Out of respect for the life of cockroaches, Lin Jindun set up a "cockroach sanatorium" in his puppy house upstairs. He found sick cockroaches on the road, took all the cockroaches that were not dead after the experiment back to the "cockroach sanatorium" to live separately, ate dog food, adjusted the temperature and air, and waited for them to die naturally.
He asked the students who wanted to do cockroach research with him to catch a cockroach and put it in their hands, and then they could join the cockroach family for research. He is also very lucky. Some middle school students in south-central Taiwan Province Province often ask him for cockroaches to do scientific research.
Nevertheless, Lin Jindun believes that the research on cockroaches is not deep enough, and hopes that young people will continue to study cockroaches, which are worthy of study from physiology to wide application, and even benefit mankind.
Screaming, picking up slippers and hitting them hard seems to be the standard reaction to seeing cockroaches in our daily life. It's not just street rats who yell at them. As one of the common insects in human living environment, the fate of cockroaches is often not much better. Why hate cockroaches? When asked this question, I think everyone can list several reasons: dirty, infectious diseases, disgusting … and so on. It seems that cockroaches are the best synonym for uninvited guests in everyone's mind. However, is this really the true face of cockroaches? Or have we always misunderstood it? A few days ago, the National Geographic Channel and the Information Bureau jointly produced and broadcasted a series of films "Blooming Taiwan Province Province", and selected four documentaries that can represent the spirit of Taiwan Province Province, among which "The Secret of Cockroaches" was planned by Professor Lin Jindun, the cockroach authority of the Department of Life Sciences of National Taiwan University. Professor Lin, who has been studying cockroaches/kloc-for 0/6 years, can be said to interact with cockroaches every day. He even said: "cockroaches are my nobles!" " "Determined to wash away the" stigma "of cockroaches for 300 million years. Today's You's big names, let's meet cockroaches you don't know!