Rapid excavation technology of coal roadway is a practical technology to maximize the single water level and labor efficiency, improve the safety environment and engineering quality, and reduce the roadway cost by realizing the integration of excavation and anchoring, rationalization of support, mechanization of shipment and its optimal configuration in the three major processes of comprehensive excavation technology. In this paper, the realization of rapid excavation technology in coal roadway is studied and analyzed.
Key words: Introduction to the mechanization of rapid tunneling in coal roadway With the continuous improvement of the development situation of the coal industry, the benefits of coal mining enterprises are also constantly improving. In order to pursue benefits, many enterprises pay more attention to coal mining, which seriously affects the improvement of economic benefits of coal mining enterprises. At this time, the importance of mining is clearly shown, so the rapid excavation technology has also been put forward to ensure the sustainable development of coal mining enterprises.
1 technical measures for rapid excavation of coal roadway
1. 1 Select the roadheader with excellent performance. In the implementation of rapid excavation technology, roadheader plays an important role and is the key equipment to realize rapid excavation of coal roadway. The efficiency of coal roadway excavation and the economic benefit of coal mine production depend on the quality of excavation work to a great extent. When selecting a roadheader, the influence of site construction conditions and surrounding environment must be considered. In the underground, coal, rocks and some minerals are the main working objects of the roadheader, and their working vibration and impact are great. In addition, the environment in coal roadway excavation construction is extremely harsh, which requires that the excavation equipment must be able to keep uninterrupted work for a long time under the premise of adapting to the working environment. When selecting hydraulic, electrical and components of roadheader, the applicability should be strictly analyzed before screening. In terms of product quality, the selection must be strictly controlled to avoid unnecessary wrong selection and affect the working performance of roadheader. For some key components, try to use foreign advanced technology and equipment to ensure their working performance and service life. In terms of gear transmission device and mechanical connection device, we should use independent parts as far as possible, avoid using series structure system, replace bolt group structure with embedded structure when conditions permit, and adopt modular assembly mode, which can greatly simplify the mechanical structure, do a good job in disassembly and maintenance, and improve the reliability of equipment use, thus ensuring good stability of the machine and achieving the purposes of high tunneling efficiency, simple operation and maintenance, and safe and reliable operation.
1.2 Improve the application of mechatronics. The application of mechatronics in rapid excavation must be guaranteed. First of all, the operation of roadheader should be convenient, that is, automatic control should be realized, including propulsion direction monitoring, automatic control and adjustment of cutting motor power, and monitoring of cutting surface profile size. In addition, monitoring the necessary working conditions of the roadheader has good self-fault diagnosis performance, including power supply voltage measurement and control, motor load and temperature, hydraulic system oil pressure, oil temperature and pollution monitoring; Through the application of modern measurement and control technology, real-time monitoring and fault diagnosis of the working state of roadheader can ensure the normal and stable operation of the machine, realize the electromechanical integration of rapid excavation, greatly improve the working performance of roadheader, and help to improve and perfect the rapid excavation technology of coal roadway.
1.3 Improving the comprehensive supporting capacity of equipment In the process of rapid driving of coal roadway, coal mine production is often affected by low driving efficiency and insufficient mechanical function of coal roadway, which has certain obstacles to the improvement of economic benefits of coal mine. To a great extent, it has a great relationship with the comprehensive supporting ability of equipment, because there are many main supporting links in the roadway driving system. Therefore, in order to improve the efficiency of coal roadway driving and give full play to the role of mechanization, the position of comprehensive supporting ability of equipment can not be ignored, especially in the supporting and transportation links, because these two links are very key links in rapid driving and take up more time. Solving these two key links will greatly promote the potential of fully mechanized mining equipment. In roadway support, it is very important to control the support time. According to the geological conditions of the roadway, bolt support can be used as much as possible to ensure the roadway support effect, reduce the labor intensity and improve the tunneling efficiency. In the rapid excavation construction, the airborne anchor drilling rig should be used as far as possible to drill holes and install anchors, so as to change the unbalanced phenomenon of coal cutting and anchor drilling and installation of roadheader. The classified query of periodical articles is based on the transportation of periodical library. Bolt support should be adopted as far as possible and metal shed support should be avoided, which can reduce the workload of material transportation, improve the auxiliary transportation mode and improve the efficiency of transportation and transshipment.
1.4 the application of the integrated technology of excavating and anchoring, if the tunneling method of roadheader and single anchor machine is used alone, can not meet the needs of rapid tunneling in practice. When implementing rapid excavation technology, parallel operation of excavation and support should be realized as much as possible to ensure rapid excavation. Therefore, the bolt excavation unit came out, which realized the parallel operation of excavation and support well. It is an ideal rapid excavation equipment in modern large-scale high-yield and high-efficiency mines.
1.5 Popularize the application of continuous shearer as much as possible. Continuous miner is a modern tunneling equipment. Practice has proved that the combination of continuous miner and bolt support greatly improves the tunneling efficiency. It is a very successful support technology to realize the rapid tunneling face of "double height" roadway at present. Therefore, if conditions permit, continuous shearer should be popularized as far as possible.
2 management measures for rapid excavation of coal roadway
2. 1 On-site production management In the on-site production management, managers should organize training reasonably to ensure that employees can conscientiously implement the operating procedures and work in strict accordance with the procedures for each type of work specified in the operating procedures to ensure a regular cycle; Implement a system of fixed posts and positioning, so that tasks are assigned to groups, posts are assigned to people and responsibilities are assigned to people. Clearly use fixed equipment or tools within a certain period of time to complete the set tasks that should be completed in their respective positions.
2.2 Organize the comprehensive construction team, organize the tunneling, supporting, transportation, electromechanical and other personnel in a team in an orderly manner, and conduct unified command during construction, so that each team and each working procedure can cooperate organically. Once the construction accident affects the construction, it can be dispatched in a unified way, effectively shortening the accident influence time and ensuring the cooperation of parallel operations of different types of work.
2.3 Strengthening attendance management In rapid excavation, the attendance of personnel is also a very important part, and manpower is the first in rapid excavation. The improvement of tunneling efficiency depends largely on the working efficiency of personnel. If there is insufficient manpower, the completion of some processes will be greatly affected, and even the suspension chain and disorder of each process will be destroyed. Therefore, attendance management must be done well in rapid excavation. On the one hand, attention should be paid to attendance management, on the other hand, labor production efficiency should be improved, and at the same time, attention should be paid to training to improve workers' labor and technical quality to meet the needs of mechanization development.
Conclusion Practice has proved that comprehensive mechanized excavation technology plays an irreplaceable role in the rapid excavation of coal roadway. On the one hand, it has greatly promoted the improvement of mechanization level of comprehensive excavation in coal roadway and promoted the rapid development of rapid excavation technology in coal roadway. At the same time, the popularization and application of comprehensive mechanized rapid excavation construction technology has improved the excavation efficiency and construction quality. With the continuous updating and development of rapid excavation technology, coal mining enterprises should constantly improve their rapid excavation level in coal roadway, thus making coal mines.
Xu Yongqing. Coal mining [M]. Xuzhou: China University of Mining and Technology Press.