First, the basic situation of the investigation:
This survey * * * sent out 75 questionnaires19, and recovered 7479 valid questionnaires (Wenzhou 4 135, Ningbo 800, Shaoxing 770, Taizhou 806 and Lishui 968), with a questionnaire recovery rate of 99.4%. While conducting the questionnaire survey, Wenzhou Consumer Protection Committee also randomly selected samples of small package shower gel, toothpaste and toothbrush from 5 hotels in downtown100 and disposable chopsticks, paper towels and food boxes (bags) from 30 catering enterprises, and entrusted Wenzhou Technical Supervision and Testing Institute to test the relevant indicators. The qualified rate of the test results was 100%. In addition, cities have also conducted special surveys on the consumption of disposable goods. Taking Wenzhou City as an example, the investigation scope selected the prosperous commercial areas and enterprises with certain production scale in urban areas and counties (cities, districts), and the investigation method adopted one-to-one household statistics. By June 5th, a total of 3 14 households were surveyed, including 0/00 households in hotels and 2 14 households in restaurants. Investigate 4 manufacturers; Investigation 1 commercial market. According to the survey statistics, from June to April, 2007, the above-mentioned economic entities produced and used disposable chopsticks 1.647 million pairs, paper towels 1.962 million packages, food bags (boxes) 1.007 1.000 bottles of small package bath lotion. The operators surveyed only account for about 5% of such operators in the city.
Second, the survey results analysis:
(1) Consumers often use disposable products, but they don't like them. 25.2% consumers choose not to use disposable products or refuse to use them; In the process of using, 2 1.9% people said they liked to use disposable products, while 33.2% people did not like and opposed them. This shows that consumers are still in a passive state when using disposable products. Although I don't like it very much, I often choose disposable products because I am greedy for convenience. So convenience, sanitation and low price are 49.4%, 3 1.2% and 15 respectively. % people choose disposable items.
(2) Consumers' awareness of health and environmental protection consumption has gradually increased. In modern society, consumption is not only an individual behavior, but also the harmony among others, society and nature. In the survey, 37.9% of consumers think that disposable products have the greatest impact on environmental protection, followed by ecology, energy saving and health, accounting for 26.9%, 19.2% and 14.2% respectively. This shows that consumers have gradually realized the environmental pollution and waste of resources caused by using disposable products. However, only 3 1.3% people agree with the current practice that many cities do not provide disposable goods, and the rest of consumers say they don't care or disagree. It is really inconvenient for hotel guests to cancel the "six small items". However, the hotel can save a lot of resources and reduce environmental pollution by canceling or reducing small changes in disposable items, which is beneficial to society and should be promoted.
(3) Consumers' awareness of self-protection needs to be improved. In the special investigation of disposable articles, we found that many disposable articles lacked proper packaging labels, and many of them were "three noes" products, without hygiene license numbers, and the packaging and disinfection did not meet the requirements. Especially disposable chopsticks, do not use sealed packaging, which is easy to cause secondary pollution. The shelf life and production date of hotel small package shower gel and shampoo are illegible or not at all. However, consumers do not attach great importance to the packaging and shelf life of disposable products, and their awareness of rights protection is relatively weak. According to the survey, 44.7% consumers don't pay attention to the outer packaging of products, and 46.3% consumers don't pay attention to the shelf life. There are quality problems when using disposable products, 75.8% of respondents will ask for replacement, and 7.7% of consumers will choose to continue using them.
Consumers' satisfaction with disposable products is not very high. While a large number of disposable products are used, consumers are not very satisfied with the disposable products provided by hotels. In the survey, only 6.3% consumers expressed satisfaction, 64.8% consumers thought it was ok, and 28.9% consumers directly expressed dissatisfaction. Regarding the evaluation of quality, 36.9% of consumers commented that the quality was poor or very poor. This shows that although the supervision of relevant departments has been strengthened in recent years, the production, sale and use of disposable products have been gradually standardized, and obvious results have been achieved, consumers are still very worried about the quality and hygiene of disposable products.
(5) There are few standardized production enterprises and many small family workshops, and the hygienic quality of products has been improved, but it is difficult to guarantee. In the investigation of the output or consumption of disposable products, Wenzhou Consumer Protection Committee found that there are not many enterprises engaged in the production of disposable products in this city, and there are even fewer enterprises with large scale or formal operation. For example, there are only four disposable chopsticks manufacturers in the city, but there are many small wooden (bamboo) chopsticks workshops in mountainous areas. Although the output of these small workshops is low, it is irrational, scientific and random to cut down trees, which causes different degrees of damage to the local environment. Family workshops have low requirements on product quality, poor hygiene awareness, and generally have problems such as nonstandard packaging and unclear product identification. Moreover, most products are sold to snack bars and roadside mobile vendors in the streets and lanes, which brings hidden dangers to consumers' health and safety. The survey also found that 75.5% of the disposable articles used in restaurants and hotels in Wenzhou, which are large in scale and high in grade, came from well-known enterprises in Guangdong and Shanghai, such as Shanghai Meijiajing Hotel Articles Co., Ltd., Shanghai White Cat Co., Ltd. and Shenzhen Bensroujin Paper Co., Ltd., and their product quality and hygiene indicators basically met the requirements. This shows that the quality of products can be basically guaranteed for enterprises with standardized management.
(6) Consumers lack a strong sense of social responsibility and mission. At present, many restaurants and restaurants continue to use disposable products, which are welcomed by a considerable number of consumers. Take disposable paper towels and chopsticks as an example. The composition of disposable paper towels is usually "100% raw wood pulp" or "100% natural wood pulp". To produce a ton of paper, trees with the age of 17 10 are generally needed, and Wenzhou needs 18 from April to April. During the same period, 3 14 business households in Wenzhou consumed about 1 247,000 pairs of chopsticks. According to experts' estimation, a 20-year-old tree can only make 3000-4000 pairs of chopsticks. According to this calculation, these 300 restaurants can consume 65,438+0,000 square meters of forest in 5-6 years. In the survey, 22.8% of consumers object to the practice that restaurants and hotels do not provide disposable products, and another 46.5438+0% of consumers hold an indifferent attitude. They agree with the consumption consciousness of saving energy and protecting the environment, but they can't touch the consequences caused by their use of disposable products. Due to the lack of publicity and education, many consumers know that the whole society is carrying out actions to protect the environment, save energy and create a green home, but based on this, they are at a loss as to how to support this activity, and they are in a state of conscious inaction, especially lacking the sense of social responsibility and mission to stop this kind of consumption behavior that consumes huge resources, creates a lot of garbage and causes environmental pollution. Therefore, in order to establish the concept of responsibility, civilization and green consumption in the whole society, we need to continue to strengthen guidance and education.
(7) Although the government actively advocates environmental protection and energy conservation, it lacks relevant policies and measures to guarantee it. Disposable consumer goods have penetrated into every corner of society. It is not only a symbol of material richness and convenience, but also an "accelerator" for turning resources into garbage. At present, government departments at all levels are actively advocating the awareness of environmental protection, ecology and energy conservation, and guiding social members to create green homes. The survey shows that 85.8% of consumers believe that disposable products have an impact on environmental protection, energy saving and ecology, which shows that the government's advocacy has been accepted and the new consumption concept has gradually taken root in people's hearts. However, due to the lack of effective government measures or supervision mechanism, the recycling and reuse of disposable products, the exploration and development of substitutes, and the virtuous circle model cannot be guaranteed. Environmental protection and energy saving are basically realized by consumers' consciousness and operators' self-discipline, so the effect is not obvious. Most consumers and operators are still numbly consuming disposable products in the slogan of opposing disposable products. In the survey, consumers in Wenzhou, Ningbo, Taizhou and other places suggested that the relevant functional departments should strengthen the supervision and management of disposable products in order to stop the massive waste of social wealth and the pollution of the environment on which human beings depend, and suggested that policies or measures conducive to building a conservation-oriented society should be introduced as soon as possible.
Three. suggestion
Disposable articles not only bring convenience to people, but also cause huge waste of resources and shocking environmental pollution, which runs counter to building a harmonious society. If disposable articles are allowed to be used indiscriminately, it will worsen the ecological environment of our province, not only waste a lot of valuable social resources, but also adversely affect the sustainable development of economy and the harmonious development of society, thus affecting our lives and the living environment of future generations. Therefore, we suggest:
First of all, government departments should introduce corresponding policies and measures as soon as possible to create a "green Zhejiang". For the production and sale of disposable products with high energy consumption and high pollution, the government should make mandatory provisions, even explicitly prohibit the production, sale and use, and regulate violations. For ordinary disposable products, government departments should formulate long-term plans and policies for rational use, such as recycling countermeasures, encouraging replacement models, implementing production licenses and responsibility systems, and encouraging and supporting consumers to use repeated and recycled products. Or increase taxes on the production and consumption of disposable products, and convert the income into the recovery cost of disposable products, so as to increase the cost of disposable products, promote the reduction of source, provide fair competition conditions for substitute products, and gradually replace them with substitute products that have passed the market and environmental tests, and finally realize the replacement of disposable products with brand-new green products. At the same time, it is suggested that forestry, environmental protection and other relevant departments should strengthen the control and supervision of the source and dosage of raw materials for production enterprises, reduce the loss of social resources and the damage of enterprises to the ecological environment, and increase publicity in this regard.
The second is to strengthen supervision, inspection and education of producers and operators. Due to the simple packaging of disposable products, the general business premises are "free", so consumers often neglect to check the manufacturer, production date and so on. But in fact, many disposable products are often vague, illegible or not marked at all on the outer packaging. Therefore, relevant departments should strengthen the supervision, management and standardization of manufacturers, regularly or irregularly carry out quality and hygiene inspection activities, curb unqualified products from the source into the market, and resolutely investigate and deal with units without production licenses and product filing certificates. The second is to strengthen the supervision and management of the transportation, storage and use of disposable products in supermarkets, restaurants and hotels, and put an end to the secondary pollution of disposable products in circulation channels. Third, we should actively carry out the education and training of employees to improve their preventive ability. Carry out the publicity of relevant laws and regulations, organize timely training on the health knowledge that needs to be mastered, continuously enhance the awareness of commodity certification of operators, strictly control the purchase channels and quality acceptance, and resolutely put an end to "unlicensed products" and counterfeit and shoddy products entering the market.
Third, strengthen publicity and education to guide consumers to establish a new consumption concept of responsibility, science and environmental protection. The survey shows that consumers can spend rationally, but they are unscientific and civilized, and they can pay attention to health and environmental protection, but few of them really start from themselves. Therefore, publicity and education should be strengthened through various channels and ways, so that consumers can truly understand the impact and even harm of disposable products on society, environment and ecology while providing convenience, and promote the whole society to establish a rational, responsible and civilized new consumption concept. The media and public opinion should be good at guiding and propagating the new consumption concept of ideals, responsibilities and civilization, so that the green consumption concept, Scientific Outlook on Development and the idea of sustainable development are more and more deeply rooted in people's hearts, and the consciousness of saving resources and protecting the ecological environment is improved.
Four, some tips about one-time commodity consumption:
(1) Consumers should pay attention to packaging when using disposable articles. The name, address and telephone number of the manufacturer shall be marked on the product package. Also pay attention to check whether there is a product name, implementation standards, product grade, production date, expiration date, etc. And try not to use disposable articles without sealing, so as not to cause secondary pollution.
(2) Consumers should strengthen relevant health awareness. If food and disposable foamed plastic tableware are not heated at the same time, harmful substances will be prevented from infiltrating into food when the temperature exceeds 65 degrees, which will cause serious harm to health. When using disposable chopsticks, you should smell them with your nose first. Qualified wooden chopsticks should have no smell, only the smell of wood itself. If the smell of wooden chopsticks contains sulfur or other fragrance, it is processed from chemical raw materials and cannot be used. When choosing paper towels, the whiter the better. In order to improve the whiteness of products, some manufacturers add excessive fluorescent brighteners, resulting in the whiteness of toilet paper exceeding 90.0%, which does not meet the standard requirements. The surface of such products looks unnatural and the color tone is not soft, so consumers had better not use them.
(3) Restaurants, hotels and other business premises that provide disposable goods shall effectively control the purchase of goods, resolutely resist the inflow of various harmful substances, and do a good job of prompting to reduce or refuse consumption in disposable goods. Production enterprises should establish green consciousness, pay attention to people's health and safety and environmental protection in product design, production and use of raw materials, vigorously develop and produce green products, and safeguard consumers' health rights and interests.
(4) Consumers should establish a new consumption concept of responsibility, civilization and rationality. With the deterioration of the global environment, ecological problems are becoming more and more serious, facing the gradual depletion of resources, low recycling rate and great pressure on the ecological environment. Therefore, the consumption of disposable products, on the one hand, should pay attention to whether it is conducive to their own health, on the other hand, should pay attention to whether it is conducive to environmental protection and ecological balance. Refuse to consume goods that cause serious damage to the natural environment and natural resources, and refuse to consume goods that cause harm to the natural environment. The living environment of human beings constitutes a seriously polluted commodity, advocates green consumption and recycling consumption, and consciously becomes a "green consumer".