Xiuyan dayanghe bridge
First, the history of industrial development in xiuyan jade
Xiuyan Manchu Autonomous County is located in the eastern mountainous area of Liaoning Province and belongs to Anshan City, Liaoning Province. It is the largest jade producing area in China and the gem industrial center in Northeast China, where 70% of the country's jade raw materials are produced, enjoying the reputation of "Jade Capital of China" for a long time. Xiuyan has beautiful scenery, picturesque scenery, rare treasures and many special products. Xiuyan jade, in particular, is famous for its long history and rich reserves. Our ancient ancestors worshipped and used xiuyan jade for a long time. According to archaeological data, about 7000 years ago, xiuyan jade appeared in the Xiaogushan human site in Haicheng. At the Niuheliang site in Hongshan Culture 6000 years ago, a large number of handicrafts carved with xiuyan jade as raw materials appeared, the most typical of which was the excavation of the C-shaped jade dragon called the second jade dragon in China. In terms of literature, the book "Heavenly Creations" written by the Song Dynasty in the Ming Dynasty describes "Mount Taiwei in the northwest of Korea, with a history of thousands of years, and sheep fat jade is hidden in it, which is no different from the beauty of green hills". It has been verified that Mount Taiwei in the northwest of Korea is the remnant vein of Changbai Mountain, which was conceived by xiuyan jade. According to documents, at the latest in the Ming Dynasty in China, the upper-class intellectuals in China had compared xiuyan jade with Hetian jade in Xinjiang.
Although the history of xiuyan jade is as long as that of Chinese civilization, due to political, economic, military and other reasons, xiuyan jade was only a luxury of the upper class in ancient China, and its industrial scale remained at the stage of manual workshop production for a long time. Xiuyan jade really became an industry after the founding of New China, especially after the reform and opening up.
After the founding of New China, under the leadership of the Party and the government, many jade mining enterprises, such as xiuyan jade Mine, Hadabei Jade Mine, Pianling Jade Mine, Dafangshen Jade Mine and Sanjiazi Jade Mine, have been established successively, with an annual output of several thousand tons, accounting for more than 70% of the national jade raw materials. It is the largest jade raw material base in China. Jade is sold to 32 provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions in China, and supplied to more than 0/000 jade factories in Beijing, Tianjin, Henan, Hebei, Suzhou, Yangzhou and Shanghai. In order to protect Xiuyan jade resources, 1999 promulgated the Regulations on the Protection of Jade Resources in Xiuyan Manchu Autonomous County, and carried out limited mining of Xiuyan jade resources, with the annual mining amount controlled below 1000 tons.
Xiuyan Shihu Waterfall
The rich resources of Xiuyan jade stone provide superior conditions for Xiuyan jade stone processing industry. Since the 1980s, collective, joint venture and individual jade carving factories have blossomed everywhere, and there are more than 3,000 enterprises engaged in processing in the county. The jade processing industry in some rural towns is gradually moving towards collectivization and specialization. Xinglong Town has professional villages such as Yuma in Shu, Yuhu in Wudaohe and Yu Ying. The professional village of Wagou Jade Pillow appeared in Hadabei Town. Nearly 654.38+10,000 people in the county's 500,000 population are directly engaged in jade processing, sales and related industries, with an annual output value of 400 million yuan and profits and taxes of more than 20 million yuan.
Two. Overview of Industrial Development in xiuyan jade 2006-20 12
1. data analysis
Since 2006, with the development of domestic economy and the trend of international gem market, xiuyan jade has experienced great industrial development, the increase of employees, the expansion of enterprise scale, the skyrocketing price of raw materials and the optimization of the quality of employees. The data are summarized as follows:
The road to the construction of China's jewelry and jade jewelry characteristic industrial base
Data show that since 2006, xiuyan jade industry has entered a new stage of development. Generally speaking, it is from the original extensive, small-scale and low added-value development model to an economical, sustainable and innovative development model. Specifically, the output value, profits and taxes have increased steadily, the number of employees has gradually expanded, and the academic qualifications of employees have improved rapidly. What is particularly prominent is the "gentle slope" change in the number of enterprises, which shows that xiuyan jade's industrial development tends to be rational, and a number of small enterprises with high energy consumption and poor efficiency have been eliminated by the market, and the market structure has been optimized. The number of jade carving masters at all levels shows a gratifying growth trend, which is an important embodiment of the recognition of xiuyan jade's own soft power. For a long time, xiuyan jade's industry has always had the advantage of "hardware", but it lags behind in "software configuration". The emergence of a large number of jade carving masters, especially those above the provincial level, proves that xiuyan jade's industrial "soft power" has also made great progress in recent years.
China Jade Carving Exhibition Center
2. Key projects of the base
Xiuyan Manchu Autonomous County has China Jade Carving Exhibition Center, Northeast Jade Trading Center, Lotus Jade Wholesale Market and Du Yu Four Jade Trading Centers, all of which are important pillars and windows for the development of Xiuyan jade industry.
(1) China Jade Carving Exhibition Center
China Jade Carving Exhibition Center is located in the north of the city, with a total investment of 260 million yuan, covering an area of 654.38+10,000 square meters, with a total construction area of1.20,000 square meters. * * There are international standard boutique booths 19200, with meeting rooms, business centers, writing rooms, jade carving museums, restaurants, entertainment and other supporting facilities. Equipped with modern facilities such as central air conditioning, escalators, automatic fire extinguishing, multifunctional meeting rooms, large and small living rooms, and all-round monitoring system, it has a large Du Yu Square of 30,000 square meters, a large parking lot, a music fountain, stone carvings, green belts, lighting control systems and other facilities. It is estimated that the annual transaction volume is 400 million yuan, the tax revenue is more than 20 million yuan, and more than 5,000 people are resettled. It is a rare modern high-grade gem trading center in China. Jade Carving Exhibition Center has become one of the most important landmark buildings in Xiuyan, Du Yu, China, which has greatly enhanced Xiuyan's brand image and made Xiuyan a distribution center for jade carving products in the world.
(2) Northeast Jade Trading Center
Northeast Jade Trading Center is located in the most prosperous section of Zhanqian Street East Road, Xiuyan County, Anshan City, Liaoning Province, with an area of1180m2, a business area of 8,800m2, business households 1076 households and 2,000 employees. The annual sales income exceeds 1 100 million yuan, and the annual profit is150 thousand yuan. Since the establishment of 1994, Northeast Jade Trading Center has become a gem market with large scale, excellent quality, complete varieties, reasonable price and beautiful environment by increasing investment, strengthening management and strengthening service. Northeast Jade Trading Center is an important trading center for Xiuyan jade and stone mid-range products.
(3) Lotus Jade Wholesale Market
Xiuyan Lotus Market is located in the northwest road of Xiuyan County. It was completed and put into use in June of19921/with a total investment of 2.8 million yuan. It is117m long from east to west and 28.6m wide from north to south, with a closed market area of over 3,300 square meters and a construction area of 564 square meters. There are more than 300 stalls in the Lotus Market. The operator mainly deals in various xiuyan jade wares, including figures, animals, flowers and birds, jewelry, health care products and miscellaneous parts, and mainly sells small and medium-sized jade articles. In addition, it also runs Burmese jade, Henan jade and Fuxin agate products with more than 80 varieties/kloc-0, which can receive thousands of merchants every day and has an annual turnover of more than 60 million yuan. It is the first large-scale jade trading center in Xiuyan and the most cost-effective trading center.
(4) Du Yu
Xiuyan jade was built in1September, 1993, located in the center of the county, with a length of176m from east to west and a width of 44m from north to south. It is a closed building with a total construction area of1.2000 square meters and a total investment of1.3000 yuan. It was built in that year. The architectural style is simple and elegant, carved with beams and painted with buildings, magnificent, combining classical architectural style with modern architectural art, antique city gate, three-story building.
Du Yu is a xiuyan jade ware trading market, with more than 100 outlets, dealing in nearly 1,000 kinds of middle and high-grade jade carving figures, flowers and birds, jewelry, decorations and health products. Set the essence of Xiuyan jade carving technology. Being in it is dazzling and lingering, attracting hundreds of thousands of domestic and foreign merchants to visit and shop every year, with an annual turnover of more than 70 million yuan. Known as "the first city in the world" in xiuyan jade, it is an important trading center for high-end products in xiuyan jade.
Jade culture and art festival
3. Festival activities at the base
Starting from 20 10, Xiuyan county holds the Xiuyan Jade Stone Culture and Art Festival every year. Activities mainly include expert forums, national jade star awards, investment negotiations, festival performances, etc. It is a gem and jade festival with the largest influence, the largest number of participants, the richest activities and the strongest academic atmosphere in China. During the festival, * * * attracted dozens of exhibition groups from major gem bases at home and abroad, and more than 30 media at home and abroad, with a turnover of over 100 million, becoming a shining business card of Xiuyan jade stone industry.
4. Advantages of base development
(1) The local government strongly supports industrial development.
The local government of Xiuyan county has long strongly supported the development of Xiuyan jade stone industry, which is regarded as the top priority of Xiuyan county's economic development. We not only give policy support in market cultivation and resource protection, but also set up Anshan Gemstone Association to protect the production and sales of Xiuyan jade industry. With the government as the driving force, Xiuyan Jade Stone Culture Festival, Jade Star Award and other large-scale industry festivals have been held successively, and long-term cooperation with Yangzhou Jade Carving Factory, the leading jade carving industry in China, has cultivated jade carving talents, laying a foundation for improving the quality of jade products.
(2) Strong industrial sustainable development ability.
Xiuyan jade, as an important part of Chinese jade culture, is the jade species with the strongest sustainable development ability among Chinese traditional jade raw materials.
First of all, xiuyan jade has incomparable raw material advantages with Hetian jade, dushan jade jade, Myanmar jade and other jade species. There is no problem of raw material exhaustion in a short period of time.
Secondly, xiuyan jade, as one of the raw materials of Chinese traditional jade carving, can be competent for most of the themes and shapes of Chinese traditional jade carving, which is unmatched by other traditional raw materials and emerging jade species in recent years.
Finally, xiuyan jade's industries are booming, and the age structure of talents is mainly young and middle-aged. There is a large room for technological progress and a large pool of talents. Talent advantage is the core force to ensure the future industrial development of xiuyan jade.
(3) The industrial base has obvious advantages.
Anshan Baoxie organized Yangzhou to learn from teachers.
After nearly 30 years of market cultivation after the reform and opening up, xiuyan jade's industrial market has matured, enjoying a high reputation at home and abroad, and occupying a place in the domestic gemstone market. Almost all major cities in China have shops or counters for xiuyan jade products.
Xiuyan Manchu Autonomous County is the largest gem and jade product distribution center in Northeast China, radiating the whole Northeast Asia. Driven by "Revitalizing the Old Industrial Base in Northeast China" and the 12th National Games held in Liaoning Province, the economy in Northeast China has developed rapidly, the quality of life of residents has improved, the cultural consumption capacity of residents has increased, and the recognition of xiuyan jade products has steadily increased year by year.
With the steady development of Xiuyan jade stone industry, supporting industries such as logistics, packaging and tourism are also booming. Because of the low starting point and poor technological level for a long time, xiuyan jade industries have inspired xiuyan jade industries to introduce and learn the exquisite skills of domestic brother industries. At present, a large number of employees in Henan jade carving, Yangzhou jade carving and Dongyang wood carving industries have switched to Xiuyan jade stone industry, which has injected new vitality into Xiuyan jade stone industry.
20 12 jade star award-winning work "semantics"
Third, the outstanding problems encountered in development.
1. The laws and regulations on the sale and exploitation of raw materials are not perfect.
The exploitation and sales of raw materials in xiuyan jade are not restricted by special laws and regulations, so xiuyan jade is disorderly and overexploited. In order to realize the management of Xiuyan jade stone according to law, Xiuyan County Party Committee and the government formulated the first local regulation of precious jade resources in China, 1999 Regulations on the Protection of Jade Resources. However, there are many imperfections in this regulation, including the lack of detailed, specific and operational regulations on the protection and management of resources in xiuyan jade, which makes many miners and processors take advantage of the loopholes in the law and greatly undermines the rational exploitation and strong protection of resources in xiuyan jade. Times have changed. With the changes of the times and environment, the construction of laws and regulations has not been further improved, which has restricted the development of Xiuyan jade stone industry to some extent.
2. The development model is single
At present, the development model of xiuyan jade is relatively simple, focusing on sales, and its connection with other local industries, especially tourism, is very weak, and the advantages of industrial clusters are not reflected.
20 1 1 Jade Star Award "Infinite Life"
3. Insufficient cultural added value of products
In recent years, although the cultural added value of xiuyan jade products is rapidly increasing, this "soft power" cannot achieve a qualitative leap overnight. Xiuyan jade's works are characterized by single theme, similar style and weak innovation ability. At present, there is still a considerable distance from the leading Yangzhou jade carving in China.
Iv. Future 10 development plan of Xiuyan jade stone industry.
1. Establish a unified gem raw material market.
At present, xiuyan jade has realized the limited exploitation of raw materials and taken the road of sustainable development, but it lacks laws and regulations and market rules on the sales channels of raw materials. In order to protect xiuyan jade's precious resources and maximize their value, Xiuyan county government plans to establish a unified xiuyan jade raw material trading market within 10, and the jade raw materials in the county will be sold by auction in a unified way, which is fair and just and protects the market competition order.
2. Enrich the development model
Strengthen the cooperation between xiuyan jade industry and local tourism, focus on the construction of Yuhuangshan tourism belt, and jointly develop the xiuyan jade market integrating treasure hunting, hot springs, farmhouses and other forms of urban leisure, so as to expand the potential consumer groups in xiuyan jade.
3. Promote the development of large enterprises
Promote the sound development of the market, eliminate small enterprises with high resource consumption and poor economic benefits, and focus on supporting a number of large enterprises. Xiuyan Jade Carving Master Industrial Park will be established, and the jade carving masters in the county will be concentrated in one place, which is convenient for artistic exchange and technological growth of enterprises.
4. Enhance xiuyan jade's "soft power"
Establish xiuyan jade Sculpture Museum to excavate and protect xiuyan jade culture. Set up scientific research projects in xiuyan jade, explore the significance of xiuyan jade in aesthetics, history, archaeology, ethnology, etc., compile local teaching materials in xiuyan jade, put xiuyan jade advertisements in some well-known domestic media, expand xiuyan jade's popularity, spread xiuyan jade's culture and enrich xiuyan jade's cultural heritage.
20 12 Yuxing's award-winning work "Night Stay Mountain Temple"
The road to the construction of China's jewelry and jade jewelry characteristic industrial base