Patent is the abbreviation of patent right, and patent right is an exclusive right. It is an invention-creation that applies to the patent office and is granted a patent right after examination and approval. To obtain a patent right, the content of an invention must be made public. Therefore, patented technology is open technology, not confidential technology.

This protection method has the following characteristics: the technical field of protection is wide, as long as it meets the conditions stipulated in the patent law, you can apply for a patent and get effective protection according to law; Due to the disclosure of the invention results, it may be fully implemented, and the inventor or invention unit can obtain more benefits through licensing trade; It is conducive to breaking the technical blockade and promoting technological progress.

There are three objects of patent protection in China, namely invention, utility model and design. The term of patent right in China is 20 years for invention patent and 10 year for utility model and design, as shown in Figure 7- 14.

Figure 7- 14 Patent Protection Period

1)

Inventions mentioned in the patent law can be divided into product inventions (such as machines, instruments, equipment and appliances) and method inventions (manufacturing methods).

Product invention is a technical scheme about various new products, new materials and new substances developed by people through research. A product in the patent law can be an independent and complete product or a part of a device or instrument. Its main contents include: finished products (such as machines and equipment) and various articles and materials (such as chemicals and composites) and other products with new uses.

Method invention refers to the technical scheme such as operation method, manufacturing method and technological process developed by people for manufacturing products or solving a technical problem. A method can be a complete process consisting of a series of steps or a single step. Mainly includes: manufacturing method, that is, the method of manufacturing specific products; Other methods, such as measurement methods, analysis methods, communication methods, etc. The new use of the product.

2) utility model

The utility model is also a new technical scheme. At this point, it is no different from invention. In fact, it is indeed an invention, but it requires less creativity, so some people call it a "gizmo", which is different from invention in several aspects. The product shape mentioned in the utility model patent refers to the definite spatial shape that the product has and can be observed from the outside. Gaseous, liquid, powdery, granular substances or materials, which have no definite shape, cannot be used as the shape characteristics of utility model products. The product structure mentioned in the patent for utility model refers to the arrangement, organization and relationship of various components of the product.

3) Appearance design

Design is also called new style. It is not a technical scheme, which is quite different from inventions and utility models. Design must be the design of product appearance. The appearance should be beautiful. However, it is difficult to determine an objective aesthetic standard, and the patent office is not strict in this regard. Therefore, as long as you design the shape, pattern and color of the product, you can apply for a design patent.

Inventions and utility models that have been granted patent rights should be novel, creative and practical, and designs that have been granted patent rights should be novel and original.

2 the process of applying for a patent

The general process of applying for a patent is:

(1) First, the patent application documents should be prepared. Taking a patent for utility model as an example, it shall include the request for a patent for utility model, the specification, the drawings of the specification, the claims, the abstract and the drawings of the abstract. To apply for fee reduction, an application for fee reduction and corresponding supporting documents shall be submitted. Where a patent agency is entrusted, a power of attorney shall be submitted.

(2) Then submit the application documents, which can be electronic materials or paper documents. Enterprises or universities apply for special electronic ports to submit application documents, which reduces the time wasted in material transportation and is very convenient and fast.

(3) After receiving the documents, the Patent Office will issue a "patent acceptance notice", that is, the patent application materials are received, and the patent acceptance fee should be paid at this time.

(4) After receiving the fee, the Patent Office will examine the patent by a special person. If it is not passed, there will be an amendment. If passed, a "patent authorization notice" will be issued, and the applicant will pay the patent authorization fee.

(5) After receiving the fee, the Patent Office will mail the patent book to the contact person.

Most undergraduates apply for utility model patents. Taking "an indefinite axis rotating window" applied by the students of Grade 20 10 in the School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering of Southwest Petroleum University as an example, this paper explains how to compile the application materials for utility model patents.

"Patent Request" is mainly about the project name, inventor, applicant, contact person and the summary of the submitted materials.

The "patent claim" is a legal document that the applicant clearly and accurately defines the technical content and the scope of protection, and it is the most important part of the patent application document for invention or utility model. The expression of "indefinite axis rotating window" is as follows:

1. An indefinite axis rotating window, which consists of a shutter, a shutter handle, a window frame, a universal joint gear train, a T-shaped shutter slideway and a guide groove. Characterize in that that window leaf (1) is a rectangular frame with glass inside, a window leaf handle a (2-1) is arranged at the left middle part of the window leaf (1), a window leaf handle B(2-2) is arrange at the right middle part of the window leaf (1) The window frame (3) is a square frame and is fixed in the building wall. Guide grooves A and B( 12- 1 and 12-2) are installed at the upper and lower corners of the window frame (3) and fixed. Guide grooves A and B( 12- 1) are divided into upper and lower groups. The upper group is connected with universal wheel A(4- 1) and universal wheel B(4-2) through inter-wheel connecting rods (9), and the lower group is connected with universal wheel C(4-3) and universal wheel D(4-4) through inter-wheel connecting rods (9). Two rollers (10) are installed in the guide groove B( 12-2) in the upper left corner, and two sliders (1 1) in the lower group are installed in the sliding groove B(5-2) of the T-shaped sash, and the two rollers (/kloc-0) The structure of the right fan is symmetrical as that of the left fan (1).

2. The indefinite axis rotating window according to claim 1 is characterized in that the universal wheels A, B, C and D(4- 1, 4-2, 4-3 and 4-4) are composed of a roller bracket (6), a roller shaft (7) and a universal joint (8). One end of the universal joint (8) is connected with the slider (1 1), and the other end is connected with the roller bracket (6), and the roller (10) is connected with the roller bracket (6) through a roller shaft (7); The two cardan wheels a and B(4- 1 and 4-2) are connected into a whole through the joint connecting rod (9), and the two cardan wheels c and D(4-3 and 4-4) are connected into a whole through the joint connecting rod (9).

Figure 1 Structural Diagram of "An Indefinite Axis Rotating Window"

3. The indefinite axis rotating window according to claim 1, characterized in that the shape of the guide groove A( 12- 1) in the lower left corner consists of two mutually perpendicular linear slide rails ① and ②, and two arc slide rails ③ and ④ are arranged in the vertical linear slide rails, wherein the arc slide rail ③ starts at the lower right corner and ends at the upper right corner. Guide groove B( 12-2) and guide groove A( 12- 1) in the upper left corner are symmetrical.

The utility model relates to a window for residential buildings and families, which is especially suitable for high-rise indefinite axis rotating windows or windows that are easy to be dirty and difficult to clean. It can solve the problem of difficult cleaning inside and outside windows and improve indoor air circulation. The technical scheme is as follows: the louver is a rectangular frame, the left end edge is provided with a louver handle A, the right end edge is provided with a louver handle B, and the upper and lower edges of the louver are provided with T-shaped louver slideways A and B; The window frame is fixed in the building wall, and the guide grooves A and B are installed at the upper and lower corners of the window frame; The universal wheel system is divided into an upper group and a lower group, universal wheels A and B are connected and installed on it through connecting rods between joints, and universal wheels C and D are connected and installed on the lower side through connecting rods between joints; The slider is placed in the upper and lower T-shaped sash slideways, and the roller is placed in the guide grooves in the upper left corner and the lower left corner. The rotating window switch is convenient and smooth, easy to maintain and clean, can adjust the air intake volume and direction, improve indoor air circulation, and is suitable for buildings with higher floors.

"Instruction Summary" is the refinement of instruction core, including background, implementation and application scope. The expression of "indefinite axis rotating window" is as follows:

The "abstract drawing" is submitted with the picture that best reflects the project.

The description shall specify the name of the utility model, which shall be consistent with the name in the request. The description shall include the following contents: technical field (indicating the technical field to which the technical scheme to be protected belongs), background technology (indicating the background technology that is helpful for understanding, searching and examining the invention or utility model, and quoting documents reflecting these background technologies if possible), and invention content (indicating the technical problem to be solved by the invention or utility model and the technical scheme adopted to solve this problem, And state the beneficial effects of the invention or utility model relative to the prior art), the description of the drawings (if there are any drawings in the specification, each drawing shall be briefly described), and the specific mode of implementation (state in detail the preferred way that the applicant thinks to realize the invention or utility model, and give examples when necessary; If there are any drawings, refer to the drawings). The expression of "indefinite axis rotating window" is as follows:

Technical field:

The utility model relates to a window for buildings and families, which is especially suitable for windows with high floors, easy to be dirty and often cleaned.

Background art:

In daily building, home life and house decoration, it is very troublesome to clean the window glass installed when the floor is high, so the so-called "Spider-Man" is a high-risk occupation in the skyscrapers of metropolis. Their working environment is harsh, and they bear great risks. They urgently need a new window design to solve the problems they face. Based on the problems caused by the above-mentioned window cleaning work, we designed this kind of indefinite axis rotating window. By moving and rotating the window frame in the slideway, the window can be turned inside and outside, which is convenient for safe and convenient cleaning. At present, many kinds of rotating window designs have fixed rotating shafts, which occupy a large space. At the same time, the opening angle of the window is limited, and the limited space cannot be used efficiently. Some designs still have defects that affect the appearance and are easy to fail and damage. The non-fixed axis rotating window of this design can not only solve the shortcomings of limited opening and easy damage of the existing window, but also improve the indoor air circulation quality through the non-fixed axis rotating motion.

Summary of the invention

The utility model aims to solve the cleaning problem of the inner and outer surfaces of the window, increase the opening of the window through the indefinite axis movement of the window, facilitate the maintenance, and improve the indoor air circulation quality at the same time, in particular to provide an indefinite axis rotating window.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme: an indefinite axis rotating window consists of a sash, a sash handle, a window frame, a universal joint gear train, a T-shaped sash slideway and a guide groove. The window sash is structurally characterized in that the window sash is a rectangular frame with glass inside, the left middle part of the window sash is provided with a window sash handle A, the right middle part is provided with a window sash handle B, the upper edge of the window sash is provided with a T-shaped window sash slideway A, and the lower edge of the window sash is provided with a T-shaped window sash slideway B; The window frame is a square frame and is fixed in the building wall. Guide grooves a and b are installed on the upper and lower corners of the window frame and fixed, and when the sash is closed, the guide grooves a and b are installed on the inner side of the sash. The universal joint gear train is divided into two groups, the upper group is connected by universal joint wheel A and universal joint wheel B through universal joint wheel connecting rod, and the lower group is connected by universal joint wheel C and universal joint wheel D through universal joint wheel connecting rod. Two sliders of the upper group of universal joint gear train are installed in the T-shaped lattice slideway A, two rollers are installed in the upper left corner guide groove B, two sliders of the lower group are installed in the T-shaped lattice slideway B, and two rollers are installed in the lower left corner guide groove A; The structure of the right sash is the same as that of the left sash, which is symmetrical.

Universal joint wheels A, B, C and D consist of a roller bracket, a roller shaft, a universal joint, a roller and a slider; One end of the universal joint is connected with the slider, and the other end is connected with the roller bracket, and the roller is connected with the roller bracket through the roller shaft; The two cardan wheels A and B are connected into a whole through an inter-articular connecting rod, and the two cardan wheels C and D are connected into a whole through an inter-articular connecting rod.

The shape of the guide groove A in the lower left corner (as shown in Figure 3) consists of two mutually perpendicular linear slide rails ① and ②, and there are two arc slide rails ③ and ④ in the vertical linear slide rail, wherein the arc slide rail ③ starts from the lower side of the right angle and ends at the upper side, and the arc slide rail ④ starts from the upper corner and ends at the lower slide rail ②; Guide groove b and guide groove a in the upper left corner are symmetrical left and right.

The utility model has the advantages that (1) the connecting device on the roller adopts universal joint design, which can solve the problem of dead point formed in the process of moving the window and make the action of opening and closing the window smoother; (2) Through the design, the integrity of the window becomes stronger and easier to maintain and clean; (3) Because it is different from the traditional fixed-axis rotating window switch design, the indefinite-axis rotation can well expand the motion space; (4) The continuous movement of "pushing, turning and pulling" enriches the way of window opening, making window opening more convenient and labor-saving; (5) In the process of window opening, due to the expansion of the activity space, the orientation of the window in the window frame can be changed at will, the air intake volume and direction can be adjusted, and the natural wind in three directions can be introduced into the room, which can improve the indoor air circulation quality and speed up the air renewal.

Brief description of the drawings:

The utility model will be further explained with the attached drawings.

Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the indefinite axis rotating window of the utility model.

Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the universal wheel 4- 1 of the window.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the window guide groove 12- 1, in which ① and ② are linear slide rails, ③ and ④ are arc slide rails.

In the figure: 1. Leaf blade, 2- 1. Blade handles a, 2-2. Blade handles b, 3. Window frame, 4- 1. Universal joint wheels a, 4-2. Universal joint wheels b, 4-3. Universal joint wheels c, 4-4. 10. Roller, 1 1. Slider 12- 1. Guide groove a, 12-2. Guide groove B.

Detailed description:

As shown in figure 1, firstly, the guide grooves A and B of the sash are installed at the upper and lower corners of the window frame 3 and symmetrically fixed, and the guide grooves A and B are located at the inner side of the sash 1 when closed; Secondly, put a group of rollers 10 in universal wheels A and B into 12- 1 in one guide groove A, and install the other three guide grooves; Finally, two sliders 11of universal wheels A and B are installed in the T-shaped sash slide rail A5- 1 of sash1,and the other three universal wheels are installed at the same time. At this point, the 360-degree indefinite axis rotating window has been installed.

Fig. 2 Structure diagram of 4- 1 universal wheel of "indefinite axis rotating window"

As shown in fig. 2, the universal joint wheel 4- 1 consists of a roller bracket 6, a roller shaft 7, a universal joint 8, a roller 10 and a slider 1 1. One end of the universal joint 8 is connected with the slider 1 1, the other end is connected with the roller bracket 6, and the roller 65438+ is connected with the roller shaft 7.

As shown in fig. 3, the shape of the guide groove A consists of two mutually perpendicular linear slide rails ① and ②, and two arc slide rails ③ and ④ are arranged in the vertical linear slide rails. The blank part in the figure indicates that the guide groove is open and the shaded part is not.

Use:

Fig. 3 Schematic diagram of the guide groove 12- 1 of the indefinite axis rotating window.

Opening of rotating window: as shown in figure 1, take the left sash 1 as an example, and pull the sash handle B2-2 inward by hand, so that the sash 1 rotates around universal wheels A and C close to the window frame 3, while the other roller 10 of universal wheels B and D (Figure 2) is in the guide groove A. Make the louver rotate around the roller 10 inside, and the other roller 10 rolls in the slideway ④ in the guide grooves A and B. At the same time, the slider 1 1 in the universal joint wheel A4-/(Figure 2) can rotate on the louver 65438+. In addition, pull the window handle B2-2 to the right, so that the inner roller 10 in the universal joint wheel A4- 1 (Figure 2) rolls in the straight slide ② in the guide grooves A and B, while the other roller 10 in the universal joint wheel A4- 1 (Figure 2) is in the guide grooves A and B. It is equivalent to the motion of two ends of a fixed-length straight line at two right angles of an isosceles right triangle (the motion principle of elliptical mechanism), and at the same time, the slider 1 1 in the universal joint wheel A4-65438 (Figure 2) can slide and close in the T-shaped sash slideway 5: no matter where the opened sash 1 is located, the sash can be initially opened by the above rotation. Other ways to close the window can be realized in rotation.

The attached drawings in the specification are schematic diagrams of various structures similar to those mentioned in the specification, such as "indefinite axis rotating window".