For decades, China's metal mines have been striving to save energy, reduce consumption and improve economic benefits. More broken and less ground? Is the basic principle. The progress of crushing equipment is mainly manifested in the development and application of innovative and practical crushing equipment, such as new external jaw crusher, double-cavity jaw crusher, double-cavity rotary crusher and impact jaw crusher. However, compared with the imported crushing equipment, there is still a certain gap in technology and application effect. The high-efficiency cone crushers of foreign companies such as Metso and sandvik reduce the final crushing particle size by 5 ~ 8 mm on average. The high-pressure roller press developed in China can replace fine grinding and one-stage rough grinding, and is currently undergoing industrial tests in mines such as Nanshan Mining Company of Masteel. In addition, at present, some mines in China are also using column mills. This kind of equipment can save energy and reduce consumption greatly, which can increase the system output by more than 30%-50%, with high equipment operation rate and little impact on the environment.

1. Grinding equipment Because the ball mill is a mature equipment with many advantages, the research on grinding equipment mainly focuses on energy saving and mill liner. Energy saving and consumption reduction of the mill are mainly reflected in the specifications of grinding equipment, grinding medium, structural performance of equipment, configuration of grinding equipment and technological process. The development of mill liner has experienced from metal liner (manganese steel, high chromium alloy steel, hard nickel alloy, etc. ) to nonmetallic liner (rubber liner) and then to magnetic liner. The use of magnetic liner can make the mill have the advantages of small load, long life and low noise. The magnetic liner has been successfully applied in Waitoushan Iron Mine of Benxi Steel and Qidashan Concentrator of Angang Steel, and remarkable economic benefits have been achieved. In addition, the automatic control of grinding and the research of grinding AIDS have also made some progress.

2. Fine particle screening and grading equipment In recent years, China's fine particle screening and grading equipment has reached the international level by continuously introducing and digesting foreign advanced technologies. MVS high-frequency vibrating screen has been widely used in the process of upgrading and reducing impurities of iron concentrate in metallurgical mines in China, and has been successfully applied in Shougang Concentrator, Benxi Steel Concentrator, Angang Concentrator, WISCO Concentrator and other mining enterprises. Production practice has proved that the screening efficiency can be increased from less than 30% to 50% or higher by replacing the traditional nylon fine screen with this fine screen. While improving the quality of iron concentrate and reducing impurities, the efficiency of the regrinding machine is obviously improved and energy consumption is saved. In addition, GYX3 1- 1207 high-frequency vibrating fine screen can also effectively improve the grade of iron concentrate. The equipment has good mechanical properties, high screening efficiency and long service life, and has been successfully applied in Heishan Iron Mine. The new inclined narrow flow classification equipment has the characteristics of large capacity per unit area, high classification efficiency, high cost performance and wide application range. At present, it has been effectively applied in Huangmaoshan Concentrator of Yunxi Company and Yucang Lead Mine in Yunnan. Derrick high-frequency fine screen in the United States is also used in magnetite concentrator in China. After Laiwu Mining Company and Lunan Mining Company replaced ordinary nylon fine screen with this fine screen, the raw ore handling capacity increased by more than 25%, and the concentrate grade increased by nearly 1 percentage point.

3. magnetic separation equipment China's magnetic separation equipment has developed rapidly, from weak magnetism to strong magnetism, from electromagnetism to permanent magnetism, and from dry to wet. People have done a lot of research work and made great progress, and a number of high-level magnetic separation equipment have emerged. At present, magnetic separation equipment developed in China mainly includes: a. Wet field weakening equipment, typical of which are? 1050 series permanent magnet drum magnetic separators, LP series vertical permanent magnet magnetic separators, BX series new high-efficiency permanent magnet magnetic separators, BK series special permanent magnet magnetic separators, YCMC series permanent magnet pulsating magnetic separators, magnetic separation columns, etc. B. Permanent magnet dry magnetic separator, representing CTDG series permanent magnet dry magnetic separator; C. Medium-field permanent magnet drum magnetic separators, typically ZC and WCT series medium-field permanent magnet drum magnetic separators. D. High intensity magnetic separators, mainly including CS series induction roller high intensity magnetic separators, Shp series flat ring high intensity magnetic separators, Slon series vertical ring pulsating high gradient high intensity magnetic separators, DPMS series open gradient permanent magnet high intensity magnetic separators, YCG series coarse permanent magnet roller high intensity magnetic separators, etc.

4 magnetic gravity separation equipment At present, great progress has been made in composite beneficiation technology. The magnetic gravity separation equipment developed and applied mainly includes magnetic separation column, magnetic agglomeration gravity separator, weak field dense medium jig, CSX series magnetic field screening machine, etc. They are characterized by compound force field, which is the combination of magnetic separation and gravity separation. each

Seed force plays a complementary role, thus improving the selectivity of separation. These equipments have been applied in practical production, among which magnetic separation column and magnetic agglomeration gravity separator are widely used. In Nanfen and Waitoushan Concentrators of Benxi Steel, magnetic separation columns were used to improve the quality of magnetite concentrate and reduce impurities. The iron grade of concentrate can be increased to above 69%, the silica content of concentrate can be reduced to below 4%, and the recovery rate of concentrate can reach 98.57%. Eight ∮600 magnetic separation columns were used in Banshigou Iron Mine Concentrator of Tonggang, which improved the concentrate grade from 65.5% to 67.48%. The industrial analysis test of treating low-intensity magnetic separation concentrate by magnetic separation column in Baotou Steel Concentrator shows that the concentrate grade is increased from 6 1% to 65%, and the silica content is decreased from 3.5% to 2. 13%. The concentrator of Ekou Iron Mine of Taigang used variable diameter magnetic separation equipment to treat the fine-grained ore embedded in the north area, and the grade of iron concentrate was increased from 63.88% to 66.0438+0%. The research results of replacing ordinary permanent magnet concentrator with electromagnetic concentrator in Shougang Water Plant show that the grade of iron concentrate can be increased by more than 2 percentage points, and the particle size can be coarsened.

5. Flotation equipment Flotation equipment is widely used in iron ore dressing. At present, various types of flotation machines are widely used in China, including self-priming mechanical stirring, aeration mechanical stirring and aeration. The research of flotation machine mainly focuses on tank structure, impeller shape, impeller speed, impeller diameter and stator. The widely used flotation machines include XT series flotation machine, BF series flotation machine, JJF series flotation machine and CF series flotation machine. In recent years, the newer models mainly include XTB rod flotation machine, fine particle downstream flotation machine and XPM jet flotation machine. In addition, the flotation column originally widely used in the coal industry, Academician Yu Yongfu of Chinese Academy of Sciences, etc. Take the lead in introducing the most advanced micro-bubble type in China. Flotation column? It has been successfully applied to iron ore cation, and recently it was successfully tested in Angang, which not only greatly simplified the technological process, but also selected iron ore with high purity.

6. filtration and dehydration equipment in recent years, filtration and dehydration equipment has made a major breakthrough. The new filtration and dehydration equipment mainly includes disc vacuum filter, filter press and ceramic filter, and the latest research and development is membrane filtration technology. The disc vacuum filter is optimized for the characteristics of high density, fast settling speed and high viscosity of metal minerals. It has the characteristics of firm and reasonable structure, stable operation of filter disc, automatic speed regulation, strong stirring, reliable shaft end sealing and no slurry leakage. At present, more than 300 disc filters have replaced the original filters in nearly 100 concentrator, and the filtration index has been obviously improved. The ceramic filter uses the micropores on the ceramic plate to generate capillary action, and the liquid enters the micropore channel on the ceramic plate through capillary action without external force, and the solid-liquid separation is realized under the negative pressure generated by the vacuum pump. The application of ceramic filter in Donganshan Concentrator of Anshan Iron and Steel Co., Ltd. shows that, compared with rotary drum filter, the filter equipment coefficient is increased from 0.227 t/(m2 h) to 0.757 t/(m2 h), and the moisture content of filter cake is reduced from 13.48% to 9.4 1%. At present, Dong 'anshan Concentrator has replaced the original cylindrical inner filter with 50% ceramic filter and 50% disc filter.

7. The progress of mineral processing reagents has played an important role in the development of iron ore processing technology in China, especially in the work of increasing iron and reducing silicon. There are mainly collectors and inhibitors for iron ore flotation reagents developed in China. Collectors can be divided into three categories: anionic collectors, cationic collectors and chelating collectors. In recent years, China's mineral processing workers mainly modify and mix fatty acids and petroleum sulfonates, so that their selectivity is obviously improved and their collecting ability is enhanced, especially in anionic reverse flotation collectors. The new efficient anionic collectors SH-37, MZ-2 1 and RA-5 15 have been successfully applied in the concentrator of red iron ore, such as Diaojuntai concentrator, Qidashan concentrator and Donganshan sintering plant. The grade of iron concentrate reaches over 66% ~ 67%, and the cost of reagent per ton of concentrate is reduced by over 65438 05%, thus enhancing the adaptability to temperature. The new efficient collectors MD-28 and MH-80, which are used to improve the quality of magnetite concentrate and reduce impurities, have been popularized and applied in Lunan Mining Company and Jianshan Iron Mine of Taigang respectively, and the grade of magnetite concentrate has been improved to over 69%. The newly developed special collector MH-88 was used to separate the poor hematite in Tieshanmiao, Wuyang, and the good indexes of iron concentrate grade above 65% and metal recovery rate of 72.56% were obtained. Cationic collectors are mainly amine collectors, which are used for the flotation of siliceous minerals, including fatty amines and ether amines. There are not many mineral processing plants using amine collectors in China, and there are few kinds of reagents, mainly dodecyl fatty amine and mixed amine. A new cationic collector was adopted in Gongchangling concentrator of Angang.

Agent YS 73。 In addition, a new cationic collector GE? 60 1 has the characteristics of low temperature resistance and high efficiency, which not only solves the problems of dodecylamine, but also directly discards the tailings without magnetic separation, simplifying the technological process. Chelating collectors can form stable chelates with metal ions on the surface of minerals, and their selectivity is obviously higher than that of fatty acid collectors. For example, the application of water-soluble carboxymethyl starch in the industrial production of Diaojuntai concentrator in Anshan Iron and Steel Company greatly simplifies the preparation process of reagents, reduces the production cost, and has an annual benefit of more than 3 million yuan. MHH- 1, a special activator for desulfurization of iron concentrate, has obvious effect on removing sulfide ore in iron concentrate, especially pyrrhotite with strong magnetism and poor floatability. Compared with other activators, MHH- 1 has the characteristics of less dosage, low cost and obvious desulfurization effect. At present, this product has been successfully applied in many mines, so the development of this product provides a new way for iron concentrate to increase iron and reduce sulfur.

8. The development direction of mineral processing technology in China's iron mines Although the mineral processing technology and concentrate quality of some iron ores in China have reached the international advanced level, the characteristics of poor, miscellaneous, fine and abundant iron ores in China and the new requirements of iron and steel industry for iron concentrate have put forward new challenges to Chinese mineral processing workers. Therefore, the mineral processing technology of metallurgical mines in China has developed in a deeper level: (1) While popularizing and applying the high-quality iron concentrate mineral processing technology represented by magnetic separation-reverse flotation and high-efficiency magnetic separation (magnetic gravity separation), the mineral processing flow should be as efficient and simple as possible, so the research on mineral processing equipment and technology should be strengthened to achieve the best results with the most suitable flow as far as possible. The reverse flotation process has an important application prospect for improving the metal recovery rate, and the research on reverse flotation reagents should be actively strengthened. (2) While continuing to attach importance to the technology of increasing iron and reducing silicon in iron concentrate, we should attach importance to the research of other harmful impurity reduction technologies, including S, P, K, Na and F, etc. (3) The research on beneficiation technology of disseminated fine hematite and composite polymetallic hematite should be further strengthened to further improve the utilization rate of lean hematite in China. (4) In terms of grinding equipment, we should pay special attention to the introduction and cooperative development of energy-saving ultrafine grinding equipment in the future, and should increase the work of introducing and digesting foreign advanced technologies and equipment to improve the overall technical equipment level of iron ore in China as soon as possible. At the same time, the development and research work of coarse-grained tail-throwing technology and related equipment should be considered. The research and development of energy-saving beneficiation equipment that can effectively recover fine iron minerals should be further strengthened, including permanent magnet high-intensity magnetic equipment, fine particle flotation machine and flotation column. It is necessary to further study the multi-drum magnetic separator with multi-stage continuous separation performance. (5) In the aspect of mineral processing reagents, we should focus on developing reagents with strong adaptability, high efficiency, low temperature resistance and non-toxicity; Study on the simultaneous preparation and addition of complex agents: At present, we should focus on developing efficient collectors that can flotation out-of-date silicate gangue minerals and expand the application scope of reverse flotation process. (6) At present, the research of flotation equipment is mainly developing towards large-scale and energy-saving, the lower limit of flotation particle size is reduced, and the composite force field is introduced into the flotation machine. In addition, the automatic control of flotation machine should be strengthened. There is still a lot of work to be done in the application of flotation column in iron mines, and the prospect is broad. (7) In terms of filtration and dehydration equipment: ① research and develop high-efficiency filtration media; (2) Developing multifunctional integrated components to improve sealing performance; (3) Developing composite filtration technology and equipment; ④ Large-scale, energy-saving and automatic equipment.

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