The positioning of the city determines the functional characteristics of the city, and the higher the level of the city, the higher the requirements for the functional areas of the city. Urban functional districts all show their own characteristics, and such characteristic functional districts are the result of the city's functional subdivision. This part elaborates on the basic theory and practice of functional districts, with the following main points:
Functional districts are the carriers for realizing urban functions;
Vibrant characteristic functional districts;
Characteristic functional districts are the root and embodiment of regional comparative advantages;
Characteristic functional districts with reference significance.
Essentials:
1. Functional areas are the carriers for realizing the functions of the city, and the process of the formation of urban functional areas is the process of the agglomeration of industrial or urban functional elements in a specific urban space. This process has a direct relationship with the city government's positioning of the city and the layout of urban functions.
2. Functional areas have very high agglomeration and diffusion effects; they have strong socio-economic effects; competition between functional areas is the main form of modern regional competition.
3. Economic functional areas with special characteristics are the result of the subdivision of urban economic functions; the comparative advantages formed by the characteristic functional areas are the core of regional competitive advantages.
4. Examples of distinctive functional areas.
5. Characteristic functional districts with reference significance.
I. Functional area is the carrier of the realization of urban functions
City is the inevitable product of the development of social productivity. Early human society's productivity level developed to a certain stage, the social division of labor and social interaction (economic and non-economic) dependence on the growing, objectively require the optimization of social and spatial resources to achieve the optimal allocation of resources - to achieve the integration of a variety of social functions of the "city".
A modern city that realizes the optimal allocation of resources is composed of a number of clearly defined functional areas. The functions of the city are realized by these functional areas fully playing their roles. From a dynamic point of view, the formation process of urban functional areas is the process of industrial or urban functional elements gathering in a specific urban space. This process is directly related to the city government's positioning of the city and the layout of urban functions.
(I) The Four Characteristics of Urban Functional Area
Urban Functional Area is the territorial space that can realize the spatial aggregation of related social resources and effectively play a specific urban function, and it is a part of the urban organism.
Urban functional areas have the following four characteristics:
1, the carrier of urban functions
Functional areas are the carrier of urban functions, the form of spatial agglomeration to realize urban functions, and the way of modern urban operation. The city is organically composed of multiple functional zones, and the function of the city is the aggregate of the functions of all functional zones. Industrial agglomeration and functional optimization is the essence of the city's functional areas, each functional area, have their own main functions, to ensure that their own possession of the advantages of resource endowment to give full play to, but also to make the whole city in the multi-functional integration of the basis into a higher level of operation.
2. Obvious Aggregation Effect
The aggregation effect comes from the external economy and scope economy of the enterprise, because the aggregation can reduce the cost of each other's operation and improve the efficiency of the operation, so the aggregation of the industrial organization or the industrial group in the geographical area constitutes the structural form of the urban space. The agglomeration function of the city is manifested in the following aspects: First, it is an important resource conversion center, which converts the gathered and attracted resources into various products, goods and information knowledge products; second, it is a value-added center, which creates a new value in the process of conversion of resource elements; third, it is a material distribution and circulation center; fourth, it is a capital allocation center; fifth, it is an information exchange and processing center; and sixth, it is a talent aggregation center.
The agglomeration effect of urban functional areas is manifested in the intensive distribution of social resources related to core functions, i.e., in the high-potential absorption and high-efficiency utilization of social resources such as talents, information, capital, material elements, technology, etc., which is the most centralized embodiment of the urban agglomeration effect, and can create huge economic output in a relatively limited geographical space.
3, radiation diffusion effect
Urban functional areas usually have a strong radiation diffusion ability, the relevant region, the relevant industries will be affected by it. The radiation diffusion function of functional areas lies in: first, expanding the scope of their own market rights; second, constructing a larger space of agglomeration and collaboration system; third, diffusion of the functional area's advantageous capabilities, such as technology, management, concepts, funds, etc., to the peripheral area penetration, driving the development of the surrounding areas.
But the size of this diffusion ability is also different, compared with administrative districts and residential districts and other non-economic functional areas, industrial districts, business districts and other economic functional areas have a stronger radiation and diffusion ability, which will promote the surrounding areas of the economic and social evolution and development.
4. Higher socio-economic benefits
The leading industries in the economic functional zones usually have higher economic benefits and are characterized by multi-level and long industrial chain. The economic functional zones are the reality of the regional comparative advantages and core competitiveness, the source of power for the city's economic development, the engine of economic growth, and the main source of income for the region. For example, Ottawa Telecom Valley (Canada) with electronics and telecommunication as the main industries, and Bangalore (India) with high-tech products and components invention and production as the main industries are in the leading position of regional economic growth, and have a more complete industrial chain such as research and development, production, and trade within the functional area, which shows a good self-development and diffusion ability. The high efficiency of non-economic functional zones is reflected in the social benefits. The administrative functional zones are densely populated with administrative organs, which facilitates the handling of social affairs and improves the efficiency of urban operation.
In the context of globalization, knowledge economy and information technology revolution, regional economic development is more dependent on the innovation power of industrial clusters in functional zones, and more dependent on the regional competitiveness which is carried by functional zones. The exclusive comparative advantage formed by functional zones is the core of regional competitive advantage. Creating strong economic functional zones, determining the position of regional economy in the globalized economic system, and giving play to the comparative advantages are the strategic choices for the post-development countries or regions to seek extraordinary economic development.
(II) Spatial Layout of Urban Functional Areas
After entering the 20th century, in the western developed countries, the speed of population migration to the cities has accelerated, land resources have become tense, and the competition for land use functions has been fierce, and an unprecedented spatial layout structure of functional areas has emerged within the cities in terms of industrial, commercial, administrative, and residential areas. More and more scholars, especially American scholars, have put forward various theories on urban structure, explaining the process of development and the way of formation of urban structure, and explaining the characteristics and distribution law of functional zoning. It is the emergence and development of functional zones that promotes the optimization of urban structure. Therefore, the characteristics of urban structure are the characteristics of the distribution and development of functional zones within a city, and studied from the point of view of functional zones, the theory of urban structure is also the theory of the distribution and development of urban functional zones.
In summary, there are three basic modes of spatial structure within a city:
Concentric Circle Mode
E?W. Burgess, a professor of sociology at the University of Chicago, was the first to put forward the theory of concentric circle urban territorial structure in 1925. According to this theory, the city is organized around a single core of land with different functions, expanding outward in a regular manner to form a concentric circle structure. This theory essentially divides the city's territorial structure into three concentric circles: the central business district, the residential district and the commuting district. The Central Business District (CBD) consists mainly of a central shopping street, offices, banks, stock markets, high-class shopping centers and retail stores. The outer layer of the CBD is the residential area. And the commuter zone is located in the suburbs with a better residential environment, with a variety of low-rise high-class residences and recreational facilities, where the high-income class commutes to and from the city and suburbs.
The formation and development of Beijing's functional districts since the founding of the country has basically been a concentric circle pattern, with the inner city being the core area of the whole city, residential districts spread out in large numbers between the second and the fifth ring roads, and villas, townhouses, and other low-density residences spread out in the far suburbs. However, Beijing's concentric-circle model does not have particularly clear functional zoning, as the core area is home to many of the city's functions (administrative center, historical and cultural center, business center, commercial center, etc.), and due to time distances and other reasons, commuting between the city and the suburbs is not a mainstream option for wealthy suburban dwellers.
Sector pattern
The American land economist H. Hoyt, through the study of 142 North American cities' rents and the distribution of urban land prices, concluded that the high land price areas are located in one or two or more sectors on one side of the city, and develop in the shape of a wedge; the low land price areas are also located in a certain side or a certain sector from the center of the center outward, and the land prices inside the sector do not vary with the distance from the city center. Low-value areas also extend outward from the center on one side or within a certain sector, and land prices within the sector do not vary with the distance from the city center. The development of the city always extends outward from the city center along the main traffic arteries or along the least obstructive routes. In other words, once the nature of a sector of the urban territory is determined, it will not change much as the city grows and the sector expands outward.
According to Hoyt's sector theory, the urban territorial structure is described as follows: the central business district is located in the central district; wholesale and light industrial areas extend outward from the city center in a wedge shape along the transportation routes; due to the impact of the central district, wholesale and light industry on the residential environment, the residential areas show a transition from low rent to medium rent, but high rent along one or more of the city's transportation arteries from the low-rent areas to the suburbs in a wedge shape. The wedge shape extends.
Multi-core model
American geographers C.D. Harris and E.L. Ullman, in their study of the geographical structure of different types of cities, found that, in addition to the CBD as the center of the city, there are other centers dominating a certain area. There are four main reasons for the formation of these cores:
(1) Certain activities require specialized conveniences, such as retailing areas where access is best, and industries that require extensive land and easy transportation.
(2) Concentration due to agglomeration effect of similar activity factors.
(3) Possible conflict of interest between different types of activities.
(4) Certain activities cannot afford high land prices in desirable locations.
The more big the city, the more specialized the core, they argue. Industry location, land rent and house price, agglomeration and diffusion benefits are the main factors that lead to the geographical structure of the city's differentiation and functional zoning.
This theory holds that the city is composed of a number of discontinuous territories, which are formed and developed around different cores. The central business district does not necessarily reside in the geometric center of the city, but it is the focus of urban traffic; wholesale and light industrial districts are close to the center of the city, but is located in a convenient place for external traffic links; residential areas are divided into three categories, low-level residential areas close to the central business district and wholesale, light industrial districts, intermediate and high-level residential areas in order to seek a good living environment is often deviated from the side of the city's development, and they have the corresponding The city sub-center; heavy industrial areas and satellite cities are arranged in the outskirts of the city.
Beijing's current and future development is more inclined to this multi-core model, with CBD, Zhongguancun, Financial Street, and several other functional districts with obvious aggregation and diffusion effects, enough to become the regional core of the city. The multi-core model is the result of further subdivision of urban functions, the result of different resource environments to meet different urban functions, and the result of optimal allocation of resources.
(C) Economic and Non-economic Functional Areas
There are many criteria for categorizing functional areas, and according to the needs of the study, they can be divided into non-economic and economic functional areas based on the degree of relevance to the economy.
Non-economic functional zones are gathering areas such as administrative districts and residential areas that are not directly related to industrial activities.
Economic functional areas are where the core development capacity of a region lies. The economic functional area has its own leading industry, strong development ability, economic control ability and gathering and diffusion ability. In the process of modern urban development, economic functional zones not only have to meet the functional needs of the city, but also will occupy an important position in the industrial division of labor system of the larger region, to meet the needs of the region and even globalization of different economic functions.
According to the different leading industries, economic functional zones can be subdivided into industrial zones, business zones, commercial zones and tourism zones.
Second, the dynamic characteristics of the functional economic zone
Featured functional economic zone is based on the functional economic zones, in order to have a certain distinctive features and gain exclusive comparative advantage and development energy of the functional economic zone.
With the development of social economy, the further subdivision of economic functional areas will become an inevitable trend. Fundamentally, this change in regional functions is the objective requirements of the development of productive forces, is the competition intensification, the objective reflection of market segmentation, is the result of the further refinement of the social division of labor.
Featured economic functional zones have sprouted and grown in the economic soil of China. In the market economic environment, they are full of vigor and competitiveness, and show extremely strong survival advantages.
(I) Characteristic Industrial Zone
Characteristic Industrial Zone is the result of the refinement of the development of industrial zones, and it is the spatial and economic embodiment of the development of a certain kind of emerging or strong industrial agglomeration and scale expansion. The most typical featured industrial zone in Beijing is Zhongguancun, which is endowed with broad development space and strong development force as the featured high-tech industry.
Specialty industrial zones have developed earlier and more maturely in western countries, such as Silicon Valley in the United States.
In 1951, Stanford University, which is located in Santa Clara Valley, south of San Francisco City, founded the world's first specialized scientific research park on its campus - Stanford Research Park (Stanford Research Park). Stanford Research Park eventually developed into the most famous high-tech industry area in the United States - "Silicon Valley", gathered the Hewlett-Packard, Intel, Apple and other world-class high-tech companies.
As a high-tech industrial zone, Silicon Valley has a strong capacity for innovation and development. Many of the world's leading high-tech industries and products come from here, and the three technological revolutions -- semiconductors in the 1970s, PCs in the 1980s, and the Internet in the 1990s -- all took place in Silicon Valley. Silicon Valley and its surrounding listed technology companies with a total market capitalization of up to 500 billion U.S. dollars, close to the entire French stock market. Silicon Valley's manufacturing of computers and semiconductors alone accounted for 45 percent of U.S. industrial growth.
Specialty industrial zones need the support of the development environment. For example, a high-tech industrial zone will be difficult to form a scale and develop healthily without rich resources and favorable environment for scientific research and talents.
Features:
1. Certain industrial agglomeration foundation.
2. Good development environment, including industrial environment, financial environment and policy environment.
3, rich knowledge resources and human resources.
4, better municipal transportation and business facilities.
5, the great popularity of innovative culture.
(2) Special Business District
The large-scale transfer of factors of production to advanced service industries in the modern economy, and the high concentration of advanced and specialized service industries in international cities have led to a rapid increase in the demand for business office space, and the geographical structure of the "production-oriented" cities formed in the era of industrialization has been transformed into a "service-oriented" city. The geographical structure of "production-oriented" cities formed during the industrialization era has been transformed into "service-oriented" cities. Central business districts developed by regional governments often appear in the form of urban sub-centers, which not only form a cluster of modern business activities, but also differentiate the overly centralized urban spatial structure.
From the 1970s onwards, the business office activities that had been highly concentrated in the central business districts began to diverge, and the spatial structure of the city showed the trend of development of multi-center mode or network mode, and the characteristic business districts came into being. Characteristic business districts are business districts that provide more targeted and specialized environments, facilities and services to a narrower group of customers.
Compared with ordinary business districts, the mainstream companies in specialty business districts are more related or similar in terms of their main business, company size, nature of the company, technology level and talent needs, and have more consistent environmental needs.
Beijing's Financial Street can largely be seen as a specialty business district. Within the 1-square-kilometer area of the Financial Street, the People's Bank of China, the Bank of China, the China Construction Bank, the Bank of Communications, the China Merchants Bank, the CITIC Industrial Bank, the Beijing Municipal Commercial Bank, as well as national financial institutions such as the China Securities Regulatory Commission, the China Insurance Regulatory Commission, the CICC, the Ping An Insurance Company, and the Huatai Insurance Company and more than 300 famous enterprises such as the China Telecom Group, the China Mobile Communications Group, and China Netcom, have basically formed an area of financial institutions and financial institutions. Famous enterprises, basically forming a new financial business district with financial institutions, communication and network companies as the main focus, supplemented by supporting service organizations such as legal, consulting and evaluation.
Features:
1. The basis of industrial agglomeration with certain competitiveness;
2. A good business environment and the ability of the communication network to handle a large amount of information;
3. Positive industrial policies and institutional environments;
4. Convenient internal and external transportation;
5. Agglomeration of leading enterprises and a high concentration of experts and professional talents;
(3) Specialty Business District
Specialty Business District is a special business activity area with certain distinctive characteristics, and such characteristics within a certain regional scope to occupy an absolute competitive advantage and irreplaceability.
From the cause of the characteristics of the point of view, the characteristics of the commercial district can be divided into the following two types:
1, environmental characteristics of the type
As the name suggests, the characteristics of the commercial district of the irreplaceability of its unique environment and location advantages. Such as a long tradition and prime location of Wangfujing pedestrian street, business area of 310,000 square meters, annual sales of more than 4 billion yuan, is Beijing's largest, most large-scale integrated shopping malls, the old collection of municipal commercial center. Wangfujing has become one of the symbols of Beijing in a certain sense and part of the image of Beijing, with a competitive advantage that is hard to compete with.
Front Gate Commercial Street also belongs to the environmental characteristics of the commercial district.
The Qianmen Commercial Street has a history of more than 800 years, and was once the largest commercial center in the capital, with some old and famous stores still surviving. In the store layout, architectural form, business characteristics and varieties, etc. are reflected in the strong traditional cultural colors. However, in recent years, due to traffic, parking and other conditions, coupled with numerous nearby cultural relics, old and dilapidated buildings, Qianmen commercial district transformation is more difficult, and other commercial centers compared to the slower development. At present, the business is mainly distributed on both sides of Qianmen Street and Dazhalan area. Existing business area of 83,000 square meters, sales of 740 million yuan, mainly small and medium-sized outlets, large outlets less.
2, product characteristics
Product characteristics of the commercial district, refers to certain products or services in the uniqueness and strong competitive advantage of the characteristics of the neighborhood, such as Beijing's Maliandao Tea Street, Sanlitun bar street, Dongzhimen Guijie and so on.
The old Guijie was initially formed in 1997. At that time, there were 148 merchants, including 45 catering merchants, and it began to develop a catering character. It started at the west end of the Dongzhimen Overpass on the Second Ring Road, and on September 28, 2000, the Beijing Municipal Commission of Commerce named the street "Street of Catering Characteristics". In the early years of the market in the middle of the night, the people called it "ghost street", later called "Guijie", forming a red door face red lanterns unique streetscape.
In 2001, due to the renovation of old and dilapidated buildings and the reconstruction of municipal roads, only half of Guijie remained, and in August 2002, the new Guijie was reopened. In order to revitalize the river, Gui Street 45 restaurant merchants reached a business **** knowledge, for this special dining street into the new cultural connotation.
Gui Street daily consumption of lobster are 18,000 to 20,000 pounds, equivalent to about 1/3 of the total consumption of Beijing, solving the employment problem of 50,000 to 60,000 people, the total output value of the annual average of 15% high speed growth in 2000, the amount of profits and taxes has accounted for the entire Dongcheng District private catering industry, 1/10, the roadside restaurants in the chef's income of more than 10,000 yuan per month. Guijie, as a specialty restaurant street, has created huge economic and social benefits.
3. Characteristics
(1) a certain market base of product recognition;
(2) convenient transportation and good location conditions;
(3) irreplaceable environment or product services in a certain area;
(4) strong industrial clusters or consumption concentration effect;
(5) government policy support.
(4) Specialty Tourism Area
Specialty tourism area refers to a tourism area that closely combines elements of material, spiritual or cultural elements with tourism and gives them richer meanings so as to realize the purpose of attracting tourists and stimulating tourism consumption.
Tourism zones that combine tourism with culture, especially with national culture, are now the mainstream of the development of specialty tourism zones. For example, Disneyland, which represents American culture, and Hangzhou Songcheng, which represents Chinese Song Dynasty culture, have gained great success by y rooting culture in tourism.
Wei Xiaoan, director of the National Tourism Planning and Development Finance Department, pointed out in his article "Tourism Culture and Cultural Tourism" that "for tourists, tourism activities are highly economic cultural activities, but for tourism operators, tourism is a highly cultural economic activity.
Specialty tourism has become the development direction of the tourism industry, and in the future, specialty tourism areas will explode with greater vitality and competitiveness and create greater economic benefits.
Features:
1, the quality of local tourism resources and the origin of history and culture, the comparative advantage is obvious;
2, strong diffusion effect, the surrounding areas and related industries will be radiated;
3, the high demand for resource integration capacity;
4, the creation and dissemination of tourism brand;
5, the maturity of the tourism market .
Third, the characteristic functional area is the root and embodiment of regional comparative advantage
In the early and middle stages of economic development, inter-regional competition is based only on the region's own resource endowment advantages, the level of industrial agglomeration is not high, and the regional division of labor is just a simple way of division of labor in which you produce food and I produce cloth. The important feature of the simple division of labor is that the biggest difference in regional functions lies in the difference in product categories.
But with the regional expansion of trade and the development of the scale and level of industry, the comparative advantage of providing a particular type of product can no longer be exclusively enjoyed by the only one or a few regions; too many functional areas have this advantage, and the market can accommodate a large number of functional areas providing the same type of product. In the face of more specialized competitors and vast market information, it is not enough to rely on low cost to win in the competition.
Specialty functional areas are adapted to this situation developed. Characteristic functional areas must have the advantages of functional areas - obvious agglomeration effect and good economic efficiency, but it can occupy more markets than ordinary functional areas with the same or higher productivity, the root of which lies in the distinctive regional characteristics created by the characteristic functional areas so that it has gained more attention in the market (whoever can pass the information to more demanders, will be able to win the competition). more demanders, who will be able to achieve greater competitive advantage and more benefits); at the same time, the more finely divided product market also achieved higher production efficiency and more effective customers.
So, the characteristic functional area is the root of regional comparative advantage, and the strength of a characteristic functional area is also the specific embodiment of the region's comparative advantage.
To enhance the competitiveness of a region, not only to build functional areas, but also to make the functional areas of the city's functions and provide products or have a certain feature, this "feature" from the perspective of the city's functions is essential to the long-term development of a city; from the perspective of the product or service, the formation of the advantages of a short period of time is irreplaceable. From the perspective of products or services, the advantages it creates cannot be replaced in a short period of time. In the process of building a functional area in a metropolis, it is only by seeking functional characteristics that it is possible to adapt to the needs of the modern market of specialization and informationization, and to form an exclusive and irreplaceable comparative advantage. Therefore, to create functional areas with special features is the foundation of regional economic development to form a comparative advantage, but also a realistic way of regional extraordinary development.
Four, with reference to the significance of the characteristics of the functional area
Shanghai Xintiandi - characteristics of the commercial district
Shanghai Xintiandi is located in the heart of Shanghai, adjacent to the bustling Huaihai Middle Road South, started in early 1999, completed in June 2000, covering a total of 30,000 square meters, the building area of 60,000 square meters. The building area is 60,000 square meters, which is a fashionable leisure pedestrian street composed of Shikumen buildings and modern buildings.
"Shikumen" is a traditional building with typical Shanghai style, which is designed as European-style townhouses on the outer wall, while the interior retains the characteristics of Jiangnan houses such as patio, guest rooms and compartments, which is a kind of beautiful and elegant residence combining the East and the West. Its black lacquer gate with two large copper rings and thick granite door frame contains the beauty of the ingenious fusion of Eastern and Western arts, which was once favored by Shanghai people and called "Shikumen". In the old Shanghai, owning a Shikumen was a symbol of identity and status, and most of its owners were socialites from Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces and the local wealthy class.
The 1920s and 1930s were the most prosperous times for Shikumen, and most of the residents were from Shanghai's middle and upper classes. Shikumen was home to such cultural figures as Chen Duxiu, Lu Xun, Mao Dun, Zhou Xinfang, Liu Haisu, Hu Die and Zou Taofen, and was also used as the venue for the first national congress of the People's Republic of China (PRC).
In order to truly reflect Shanghai's history and culture, and at the same time make the new district meet the needs of Shanghai's international city image, American old city renovation experts Benjamin? Wood Design Office and the Oriental cultural background of Singapore's Nikken Sekkei Design Office and Tongji University Design Institute of the *** with the cooperation of different perspectives to cut Shikumen Lilong. The exterior of the Shikumen complex retains the brick walls, roof tiles and Shikumen doors of the past, making one feel as if one has traveled back in time to the 1920s. However, the interior of each building is designed according to the lifestyle, rhythm and emotional characteristics of modern city dwellers, becoming galleries, fashion stores, themed restaurants and coffee bars.
Shikumen Lilong in Xintiandi embodies 21st-century comfort and convenience in every way, with automatic elevators, central air-conditioning, and broadband Internet. Consumers can go online to quickly check the prices of goods in stores and the menus of restaurants and bars, as well as movies staged in movie theaters and reserve seats, and browse directly online to watch cultural performances in Xintiandi's piazza and restaurants.
Xintiandi has become the focal point and image of Shanghai. Celebrities, artists, entrepreneurs, bankers, and diplomats in Shanghai have come to visit, and fashionable cultural events such as international modeling competitions, fashion shows, Japanese oni-taiko seating performances, and movie press conferences by famous movie stars have chosen to debut at Xintiandi, Shanghai, with more than 300 events organized over the course of two years ****. Recruitment is open to well-known brands from all over the world, with 85% of the existing 98 tenants coming from countries and regions outside mainland China.
Xintiandi has invested up to more than 1 billion yuan, and under the business strategy of only renting but not selling, it seems on the surface that it is difficult to recover the capital. But because of the brand effect of "Xintiandi", led to the surrounding land prices, from the beginning of the 7,000 yuan - 10,000 yuan per square meter, to the current 17,000 yuan - 25,000 yuan per square meter. The first phase of its "Cuihu Tiandi" project was sold out, and 2,000 people lined up for the second phase. With a total construction area of 800,000 square meters, this high-end community will bring great benefits to investors. The "Xintiandi" is actually an ace in the hole for investors, with which Hong Kong's Shui On Group has already broken into Hangzhou and Chongqing.
Features:
1. Combination of old city renovation and cosmopolitan image building.
2. A unique approach to traditional architectural innovation makes reasonable trade-offs for history. Faced with the dilemma of historical preservation, Xintiandi has taken the approach of deliberately preserving the historical traces on the facades of the buildings on the one hand, and boldly innovating the internal structure and facilities of the buildings on the other hand, which has yielded very good results.
3. The experience of history and culture is closely integrated with commercial value.
4. Strong ability to integrate market resources.
5. Successful operation has made Xintiandi the highlight of Shanghai and won the world with its strong regionality, and enhanced the regional value with its recognizable, situational and environmental suitability.
6. Finding profitable investment capital in large-scale upscale residential areas outside of Xintiandi.
Hangzhou Songcheng--Specialty Tourism Area
Hangzhou Songcheng Tourism Scenic Area is located in the southwest of West Lake Scenic Area, depending on the Wuyun Mountain in the north and Qiantang River in the south, which is the largest Song Culture Specialty Tourism Area in China, and it is invested and constructed by Hangzhou World City Songcheng Real Estate Co.
Songcity is a theme park featuring the cultural connotations of the two Song dynasties. The overall design refers to Zhang Zeduan's "Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival", showing the prosperity of the Song Dynasty city, while introducing Western artistic treatments to enhance the inclusiveness and impact of the landscape. Songcheng is divided into several distinctive tour areas, such as "Qingming Riverside Drawing" reproduction area, Nine Dragons Square area, Songcheng Square area, Immortal Mountain Qiongge area, Southern Song Dynasty Style Garden area, etc., which creates the atmosphere of the Song Dynasty city from different perspectives.
Song City began construction in 1994, May 18, 1996 officially opened, with a total investment of 160 million yuan. "Give me a day, give you a thousand years" slogan in the West Lake, a hit, domestic and foreign tourists come, so far **** received more than ten million tourists, the average annual ticket revenue of more than 60 million yuan.
Songcheng Real Estate Co., Ltd.'s ability to integrate tourism resources to further expand their development space. With tourism as the leading industry, they drive real estate development, higher education, cultural communication, e-commerce, etc., and have achieved a lucrative return, as well as promoting local economic development.
Features:
1, to meet the needs of modern people to find their roots, nostalgia for the ancient heart.
2. Taking traditional culture as the underpinning of tourism, it increases the characteristics of tourism and also realizes the industrialization of traditional culture.
3, the overall operation, market-led.
4, deep integration of tourism resources. Tourism development and real estate combined, through tourism to bring prosperity to the real estate; at the same time, the founding of tourism universities, held exhibitions and expositions, etc., the existing advantages into full play.
Headquarters Economy - Characteristic Business District
Headquarters economy refers to the complete commercialization of corporate headquarters, in the central city of the business environment in the region to achieve a good business environment, multi-headquarters cluster distribution, to improve the efficiency of the headquarters operations, and production and processing departments are arranged in the lower-cost peripheral areas or the field. The headquarters economy can create various favorable conditions to attract multinational corporations and large-scale enterprise group headquarters in foreign ports to gather, so as to form a reasonable value chain division of labor. Headquarters economy for the development of a region has five effects: First, the tax supply effect, where the headquarters, where the general settlement center, part of the tax will remain in the headquarters location; Second, the industrial effect, the headquarters to move into a region, will lead to industrial clustering effect, driven by the development of tertiary industries in the region; Third, the consumption-pulling effect, the headquarters not only brings a series of production activities, but also a series of consumer activities; Fourth, the employment multiplier effect; Fourth, the employment multiplier effect. The fourth is the employment multiplier effect, business services generated by the employment and living services book employment can often bring new employment; Fifth is the social capital effect, a regional headquarters the more aggregated the more it will attract social resources and their related social capital to continue to enter, the formation of a greater industrial cluster effect.
Under the general trend of economic globalization, the headquarters economy has become a new economic form pursued by many countries (regions). Singapore, Malaysia, Hong Kong and other countries (regions), are vigorously develop the headquarters economy in the development of their own (regional) economy in an important position.