Question 1: What is an industry? What is an industry? People's understanding level always develops with the development of social life, and their understanding of industry has also gone through a process. The word "industry" was first put forward by the physiocratic school, especially agriculture. After mankind entered the era of capitalist mass production, industry mainly refers to industry. In English, both industry and industry are represented by industry. Marxist political economy once described industry as an industry engaged in the production of material products, which has long been widely accepted as the only definition. It is precisely because of the positioning of "material production industry" that radio and television media has never been endowed with the attributes of the industry, but has always been honored as "the throne of career". After 1950s, with the rapid development of service industry and various non-productive industries, the connotation of industry has changed. It no longer refers to the production department of material products, but refers to the * * * relationship between enterprise groups that produce similar products (offensive services) in the same market and their substitutes (or services). [6] People have also begun to reposition the radio and television media as an industry, including "advertising management, program management, information management, technology management, labor management and mixed management". [7] Therefore, we can define the radio and television industry from the perspective of industry: that is, the production, production, operation and broadcasting of enterprises that mainly provide radio and television programs (information) or radio and television cultural services and their relationship in the market. At the same time, "industry" is a "* * * concept" between microeconomic cells (enterprises) and macro-economy as a whole (national economy). It is not only an enterprise with the same property, but also a part of the national economy divided according to some standards. " [8] According to the current industry classification standards, the broadcasting industry belongs to the tertiary industry.

Question 2: What are the five major industries? Coal production (energy industry), crude steel output, production and consumption of non-ferrous metal products, automobile market, electronic information.

See :finance.si/. shtml for details.

Question 3: What is the industrial sector? It is the competent department of an industry, such as the Ministry of Information Industry and the Ministry of Textile Industry.

Question 4: Reasonable tax avoidance by industrial enterprises is nothing more than increasing costs. The specific operation method depends on your company's situation, but you are a production enterprise and it is relatively easy to operate.

The following taxes should be paid:

I. Basic taxes

1, the value-added tax is 17% and 4% of the sales revenue (applicable to general taxpayers and small-scale taxpayers respectively);

2. Urban construction tax shall be paid at 7% of the paid value-added tax;

3. The education surcharge is paid at 3% of the value-added tax already paid;

4. The local education surcharge is paid at 2% of the value-added tax;

5. Stamp duty: the purchase and sale contract shall be stamped at three ten thousandths of the purchase and sale amount; Account books shall be paid according to 5 yuan/book (at the time of opening accounts every year); Pay in five ten thousandths of the sum of "paid-in capital" and "capital reserve" every year (pay in full in the first year and pay gradually thereafter);

6. Urban land use tax shall be paid according to the land area actually occupied (different places, XX yuan/square meter);

7. Property tax shall be paid at 70%* 1.2% of the original value of the own property;

8. Travel tax shall be paid by vehicle (different local regulations and different vehicle types have different tax amounts, XX yuan);

9. Pay enterprise income tax according to taxable income (adjusted profit): the taxable income within 30,000 yuan (inclusive) is 18%, the taxable income between 30,000 yuan and 654.38+ten thousand yuan (inclusive) is 27%, and the taxable income above 654.38+ten thousand yuan is 33% (Note: 2008)

10, personal income tax is withheld and remitted for wages.

Except for value-added tax and enterprise income tax (June 65438+1 October1newly established enterprise), all the above taxes are declared and paid to the local tax bureau.

Second, the tax declaration period

1, the value-added tax, urban construction tax, education surcharge and personal income tax are equal to 10 days of the following month, which is the payment deadline; 2. The enterprise income tax payment period is 15 days after the quarter (10 days in the next month if the local tax authorities confirm monthly payment), and the final settlement period is 4 months;

3. Property tax, urban land use tax, vehicle and vessel tax, etc. , according to the time limit stipulated by the local tax authorities (generally twice a year, other provisions are different).

The deadline for payment is the last day. In case of rest day, it will be postponed for one day; In case of long holidays (Spring Festival, May 1st and 11th), it will be postponed according to rest days;

5. The late payment fee is charged at 5/10000 per day;

6. Those who fail to pay after being ordered by the tax authorities within a time limit may be fined.

Question 5: What are the three major industries in China? The three major industrial structures are

Primary industry: agriculture (including planting, forestry, animal husbandry, sideline and fishery)

Secondary industry: industry (including mining, manufacturing, tap water, electricity, steam, hot water and gas) and construction.

Tertiary industry: other industries other than the primary and secondary industries can generally be divided into circulation departments and service departments.

Question 6: What is the classification of industries? What is industrial structure, industrial classification and the changing trend of industrial structure?

China Net | Time: 2006-02-09 | Article Source: China Net

First, what is industrial structure?

Industrial structure refers to the composition of various industries and the relationship and proportion between them. In the process of economic development, with the division of labor becoming more and more detailed, more and more production departments are produced. Influenced and restricted by various factors, these different production departments will show great differences in growth rate, employment, proportion in the total economic output and promotion of economic growth. Therefore, in an economic entity (generally based on countries and regions), the industrial sectors that constitute the national economy are very different at each specific stage and time of economic development. The composition, interrelation and proportion of various industrial sectors are different, and their contributions to economic growth are also different. Therefore, structural characteristics, including the composition of industries and the relationship between industries, are summarized as industrial structure.

Second, the industrial classification

In economic research and management, the commonly used classification methods mainly include two fields, two categories, three industrial classifications, resource intensity classification and international standard industrial classification.

(1) The classification of two categories in two fields. This classification classifies industries according to the nature of production activities and their product attributes. According to the nature of production activities, the industrial sector is divided into two major areas: the material production sector and the intangible production sector. The former refers to the departments engaged in the production of material materials and the creation of material products, including agriculture, industry, construction, transportation, post and telecommunications, commerce and so on. The latter refers to departments that do not engage in the production of material information but only provide intangible information, including science, culture, education, health, finance, insurance, consulting and other departments.

(2) Three industrial classifications. This classification is the division of industrial structure according to the historical development order of social production activities. The department whose products are directly taken from nature is called the primary industry, the department which reprocesses primary products is called the secondary industry, and the department which provides various services for production and consumption is called the tertiary industry. This classification method has become a common industrial structure classification method in the world.

The three industrial sectors in China are:

Primary industry: agriculture (including planting, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery)

Secondary industry: industry (including extractive industry, manufacturing industry, electricity, gas and water production and supply industry) and construction industry.

Tertiary industry: other industries except the primary and secondary industries. According to the actual situation in China, the tertiary industry can be divided into two parts: one is the circulation department and the other is the service department. Specifically, it can be divided into four levels:

The first level: the circulation department, including transportation, warehousing, post and telecommunications, wholesale and retail trade, and catering.

The second level: departments that serve production and life, including finance, insurance, geological exploration, water conservancy management, real estate, social services, agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry and fishery services, transportation assistance services and comprehensive technical services.

The third level: departments that serve to improve the scientific and cultural level and the quality of residents, including education, culture and art, radio, film and television, health, sports and social welfare, and scientific research.

The fourth level: departments that need to serve the public, including state organs, political party organs and social organizations, as well as the army and police.

(3) Classification of resource intensity

This industry classification method is divided according to the different resources invested by various industries. According to the relative density of labor, capital and technology in various industries, industries are divided into labor-intensive, capital-intensive and technology-intensive industries.

1, labor-intensive industries. Refers to industries that mainly rely on a large number of labor for production, but have a low dependence on technology and equipment. Its measure is that wages account for a large proportion of production costs compared with equipment depreciation and R&D expenditure. Generally speaking, the current labor-intensive industries mainly refer to agriculture, forestry, textiles, clothing, toys, leather, furniture and other manufacturing industries. With the development of technology and the application of new technology and equipment, the technology and capital intensity of labor-intensive industries in developed countries are also increasing, and they are gradually distinguished from labor-intensive industries. For example, in developed countries, the food industry is classified as a capital-intensive industry.

2. Capital-intensive industries. Refers to the industry in which the cost of capital accounts for a large proportion compared with the cost of labor, and the amount of fixed capital and working capital occupied by each worker is high. At present, capital-intensive industries mainly ...

Question 7: What are the secondary industry and the tertiary industry?

Third, the tertiary industry refers to the department that provides final services for consumers and intermediate services for producers.

Question 8: What are "eight pillar industries"? * * * pointed out that during the Eleventh Five-Year Plan period, in order to accelerate the adjustment and optimization of industrial structure around the "eight pillar industries" and stand up the economic backbone of Shanxi's rise, it is necessary to further play the role of * * * in promoting, guiding and supporting, and formulate practical, operational and guiding industrial planning and encouraging and supporting policies on the basis of independent decision-making by enterprises and market allocation of resources to form diversified pillar industries. He pointed out that the industrial planning and policies of the four traditional pillar industries of coal, coke, metallurgy and electric power should focus on optimizing the industrial and product structure, improving quality and efficiency, guiding the development direction of investment, supporting the development of advanced production capacity, eliminating backward production capacity and realizing consolidation, expansion, transformation and upgrading in accordance with the requirements of national macro-control; The four emerging pillar industries of coal chemical industry, equipment manufacturing, materials and tourism meet the policy requirements of the rise of Central China. It is necessary to formulate support policies in investment, finance and taxation, land and minerals, urban construction and environmental protection, and prices, accelerate development, and upgrade the scale and grade of industries, which will become a new economic growth point in the Eleventh Five-Year Plan. He also suggested the establishment of expert committees for the development of coal chemical industry, equipment manufacturing, materials and other industries, focusing on strengthening the professional and authoritative in-depth demonstration and control of the project development direction, project layout and industrial policy orientation, and improving the scientific and democratic level of decision-making. * * * Emphasize that industrial policies should strengthen the specific requirements for energy conservation and environmental protection, improve the fiscal, taxation and price mechanisms for achieving the goals of energy conservation and consumption reduction and emission reduction of major pollutants, promote comprehensive utilization, recycling and economical utilization of resources, and gradually phase out industrial enterprises with high energy consumption and low added value; Further deepen and refine relevant industrial policies, encourage and guide enterprises to develop deep processing industries of coal, aluminum, magnesium and other resources with technological progress, good market prospects, little environmental pollution and high added value, and improve the sustainable development ability of enterprises; It is necessary to formulate policies and measures such as retaining technology research and development expenses and accelerating depreciation, guide enterprises to strengthen technological innovation and independent development, and improve the core competitiveness of enterprises and industries; It is necessary to strengthen financing policies, strive for more loan support from major financial institutions, promote enterprises to speed up the pace of listing and financing at home and abroad, be good at using financial derivatives such as short-term financing bills and asset securitization, and broaden financing channels for enterprises.

Question 9: What does industry mean? In the traditional socialist economic theory, industry mainly refers to the material supply and production departments in the economy and society. Generally speaking, each department specializes in producing some independent products. In a sense, each department becomes a relatively independent industrial department, such as "agriculture", "industry" and "transportation". Therefore, as an economic concept, the connotation and extension of "industry" are complicated.

In modern economics, industry is relative to industry, including the main output departments and the whole industrial chain of upstream and downstream.