Design of teaching plan for modifying sick sentences in senior three;
Teaching objectives
1. Understand the causes and basic types of sick sentences.
2. Mastering the methods of distinguishing and modifying ill sentences can avoid language diseases in language use.
Teaching focus
? Improper word order, chaotic structure and bad logic? Discrimination and correction of three kinds of ill sentences.
Teaching preparation: multimedia.
Class arrangement: 2 class hours.
teaching process
First of all, introduce.
1. Are the following widely circulated lyrics and slogans wrong?
(1) I see mountains and mountains.
(2) and mount Everest is the highest hillside.
(3) If you don't accept gifts this year, you will receive melatonin.
Clear:? Pass? It's a river, and it can't be decorated with words.
? Mount Everest? It's a mountain peak, not a hillside.
What you said before? No presents? And say? A gift? , inconsistent.
2. In the interview program, in the random question and answer between the host and the guests, some abusive sentences are often blurted out. For example:
(1) This statement is totally groundless and totally unfounded.
(2) Under the current situation, is there any risk in stock investment?
(3) China has a large population, and the number of blind people is also the largest in the world.
Do you think these three sentences are a bit awkward? What's wrong with them
Clear: What's wrong with the sentence (1)? Is the little monkey full of twists and turns (meaning completely upside down, completely out of shape).
Idiom? No foundation? What was the original intention of Feng Fu written by Song Yu during the Warring States Period? Only when there is a cave can the wind come in? Metaphor of news and legend is not completely unreasonable. And this sentence is just the opposite.
(2) What's wrong with the sentence? Is it unnecessary to turn on the light in broad daylight? . ? Is it? And then what? Really? Are two formats to express interrogative mood choice, so you can use one of them.
(3) What's wrong with the sentence? Is it unworthy for a toad to marry a swan? . What's the trunk? Is quantity a country? This is not feasible; And then what? The most countries in the world? Doesn't make sense either.
Two. activity
(1) Diagnosis? What's wrong with you?
The following are some advertising slogans found in various media. We might as well explain these sentences. Pulse? , see if they have? What's wrong with you? .
(1) Chinese and western hosting style, with strong ornamental charm. (TV program)
(2)? Sleeping treasure natural pillow? Let you improve cervical spondylosis during sleep. (medical supplies)
(3) Eliminating the smell of sweat is a two-pronged approach. (cosmetics)
(4) This also makes Junlai Restaurant attract the attention of the industry soon after its opening. (catering)
(5) Besunyen slimming tea, with its unique slimming concept, has aroused popularity in major cities. (medicine)
(6) Anti-ultraviolet, anti-friction, waterproof and anti-static to meet the requirements of indoor and outdoor environment. (Office equipment)
(7) Building a better building to show the charm of successful people. (real estate)
(8) Future communication will be more diverse, convenient and enjoyable. (mobile phone)
The above eight advertising languages are all wrong. First, according to the sense of language sentence by sentence, judge whether there is a language disorder, and then summarize the methods to judge the language disorder.
The teacher sorted out and reminded the students that it may not be reliable to judge only by language sense, so we must learn some methods to judge language diseases. There are two ways for your reference. )
Clear: first, analogy, that is, imitation of similar sentences.
When you are in doubt about the format of a sentence, you can imitate the format of the original sentence and make a few other similar sentences for comparison. If none of the false structures can be established, it can be judged that the original structure is faulty.
Note: the structural form of imitation should be consistent with the original sentence, the part of speech and word order should be consistent with the original sentence, and the important function words in the original sentence should also be retained.
Such as in the sentence (1)? Strong ornamental charm? If this structure is in doubt, you can imitate several similar structures to experience it. Like what? Strong personality and temperament? Some words and structures are untenable and can be judged? Charming? This is also wrong. Like the second sentence? Improve cervical spondylosis? If this structure is in doubt, you can imitate several similar structures to experience it. Because you like it? Improve stomach disease, improve cervical spondylosis, improve cervical spondylosis? This word structure of replacing the original word with similar words is untenable, so it can be considered that? Improve cervical spondylosis? This is also ungrammatical. Sentences (5) and (6) can also be judged in this way.
The second is the tightening method, that is, tightening complex sentences.
If you doubt whether a long sentence is qualified, you can first remove all the modifiers in the long sentence and keep only the trunk (subject, predicate verb and object) to check whether the sentence is qualified.
If there is no problem with the subject-predicate collocation and verb-object collocation in the main part of the sentence, check whether the branches and leaves (attributive, adverbial and complement) are collocated with the main components. If the trunk is properly matched with the branches and leaves, finally check whether there is any problem with the branches and leaves themselves.
For example, simplify sentence (3) to? Is it a two-pronged approach? You can find that the subject and predicate of this sentence are not suitable. Actually, only? (the fundamental way to eliminate the smell of sweat) two-pronged approach? Is the correct match. Another example is to simplify sentence (4) to? This (also) reason? You can find that this sentence lacks a predicate verb. What else? Make it up later? what's up ,? Is this (also) the reason? That makes sense. Another example is to simplify the seventh sentence to? Architecture? . There is nothing wrong with the structure of verbs and objects, but it is difficult to find out if the attributes are checked into branches and leaves. Which of many attributes? Is it better? And then what? Good building? Semantic repetition is not an appropriate expression.
Use? Analogy? And then what? Austerity law? Sometimes judging sick sentences is not independent, but should be used in combination. For example, the first sentence (8) condensed into? Communication will be diverse, convenient and pleasant? I think there is nothing wrong with the subject-predicate structure, but I found it when I checked the branches and leaves. More * * * enjoy? But you can't say. In addition, imitate some similar phrases for analogy, such as? More * * * enjoy, very * * * enjoy, the most * * *? , also can't say, so that? More * * * enjoy? Not grammatical.
Third, discussion: analyze the sick sentences and explore the reasons.
It is not enough to know what it is, but also why it is not enough to see that sentences are sick. It is also necessary to know what causes these language diseases. Can you summarize the above convenient etiological types?
Clear: (1) improper collocation.
That is, there is no such collocation relationship between components.
1, improper collocation of subject and predicate
For example, (3) Eliminating the smell of sweat is a two-pronged approach.
2. Improper collocation of verbs and objects
Such as: (2)? Sleeping treasure natural pillow? Let you improve cervical spondylosis during sleep.
(5) Besunyen slimming tea, with its unique slimming concept, has aroused popularity in major cities.
At (5)? Cause a sensation? It should be changed to? Is it getting hot? .
3. Improper collocation of attributive and headword
Such as: (1) Chinese and western hosting style, with strong ornamental charm.
4. Adverbials and headwords are not collocated properly.
Such as: (8) Future communication will be more diverse, convenient and enjoyable.
? More diverse and convenient? Yes, but? More * * * enjoy? Can't say.
5. Improper collocation of subject and object
The document fax machine sends the manuscript to the distant receiving unit at an amazing speed.
Modify:? Right? Change to? Here? .
(two) the composition is incomplete or redundant
1, the composition is incomplete
(1) incomplete predicate
This is also an important reason why Junlai Restaurant attracted the attention of the industry soon after its opening.
Modify:? What else? After adding? what's up .
(2) The head word of the object is incomplete
Exodus: anti-ultraviolet, anti-friction, waterproof and anti-static, meeting the requirements of indoor and outdoor environment.
Modify:? Antistatic? After adding? The role of? .
(3) The subject is incomplete
For example, how many poets have been fascinated by Hongmei since ancient times? Yongmei's poems have become the traditional theme of China's poems, symbolizing the strong, optimistic and indomitable character of the Chinese nation.
Modify:? Symbol? Add subject before? Hongmei? .
(4) Incomplete prepositions
Exodus: With the development of science, the ideas of igniting the sky, going to sea, traveling in space and landing on the moon revealed in these magnificent and peculiar poems have all come true.
Modify:? Reveal? Add it later? Right? .
2. Redundancy in composition
(1) The topic is rather complicated.
: Exodus The revolutionary ancestors gave their precious lives for the benefit of the people.
Modify:? Revolutionary ancestors? And then what? They? Repeat, they? Delete.
(2) The predicate is complicated
Exodus: Some people rarely travel by car or boat, so they are particularly sensitive to stimulation and prone to motion sickness and seasickness.
Modify:? Why? And then what? Faint? Repeat, why? Delete.
& ampn bsp(3) adverbial is cumbersome.
Exodus: Before the meeting, representatives from all over the country filed in.
Modify:? One by one or? Documents? Delete.
(C) improper word order
? Improper word order? Refers to the improper position of words in sentences.
1, the attributes of many nouns are out of order.
Many nearby residents came to see the performance.
Many residents nearby came to watch the performance.
2. The adverbial order of verbs is reversed.
This seminar was jointly organized by Peking University and Shandong University at the end of May this year.
Revision: This seminar was jointly organized by Peking University and Shandong University at the end of May this year.
3. Improper position of function words
If we can't be realistic, our career will be affected.
Revision: If we can't be realistic, our career will be affected.
Rule: When two clauses in a complex sentence use the same subject, the related words should be behind the subject; When the subjects of the clauses before and after are different, the related words should be in front of the subjects.
4, contrary to the time, space or logical arrangement and development order.
Because the meeting was held in time, it promoted the work, grasped the key points and solved the problems.
Revision: As the meeting was held in time, the key points were grasped, the problems were solved and the work was promoted.
Structural disorder
1, mixed format
That is, the two formats are mixed together to form a sentence, which makes the semantics of the sentence unclear.
For example, no matter how busy you are at work, you should keep learning and update your knowledge.
Revision: mixed? Never again? Format and? The more? Format. It should be changed to: No matter how busy you are at work, you should keep learning and update your knowledge.
Compared with the same period last year, the company's turnover in the first half of the year increased by 25%.
Revision: mixed? The proportion has increased? Format and? An increase compared with? Format. The company's turnover in the first half of the year increased by 25% compared with the same period last year.
Step 2 change hands halfway
That is to say, the two sentences before and after should use the same sentence pattern, but different sentence patterns.
He speaks better than anyone, but he does worse than anyone.
Revision: before saying? Talk to me? And after that? Do what? The sentence doesn't match before and after. He speaks better than anyone, but in fact, he does worse than anyone.
Another example is: after primitive people created evil Xu songs in their labor, the oldest song handed down now is playing songs.
Revision: Primitive people have created many songs after Evil Xu Ge in their labor, among which "Playing Songs" is the oldest song that has been circulated so far.
Step 3 mix ingredients
Exodus: I can't tell you that the school gave this task to our class, and everyone felt honored.
Modify: change to? Everyone has a sense of honor? Or? The sense of honor in everyone's heart is indescribable? .
4, the structure of the burden
Exodus: The examination room was held in an antique hall.
Modify:? Is it held? Burden, delete.
(5) illogical
It means that the meaning of a sentence cannot be reasonable.
1, the concept is inappropriate.
(1) wrong concept
For example, writers carry out revolutionary struggles through their own creations, and their novels, poems, essays and cartoons all become weapons of mass struggle.
Modify:? A writer? The extension of this concept cannot include poets or cartoonists. A writer? Change to? An artist? .
(2) the concept of stealing
For example, people are old, with sparse white hair and wrinkled face. These manifestations are aging caused by physical weakness.
Revision: the first one? I'm old. What about the second one? Old age refers to the elderly.
(3) the concept of heterozygosity
This kind of ship is not only faster than other similar ships, but also equipped with cannons and various weapons.
Modify:? Cannon? Belong to? Weapons? , should be changed to? And equipped with weapons such as guns? .
2. Unreasonable judgment
(1) is contradictory.
He is one of many surviving victims.
Modify:? Where's the victim? And then what? Survival? conflict
(2) There is no corresponding relationship before and after.
This rapid growth rate is directly proportional to the length of feeding time every day.
Revision: This rapid growth rate is related to the length of feeding time every day.
(3) improper denial
We should study traffic laws and regulations seriously to prevent traffic accidents from happening again.
Modify: release? Is it gone? Change to? Again? .
(4) inversion of subject and object
At that time, there were few opportunities for newspapers to contact me.
Revision: At that time, I seldom came into contact with newspapers.
3. Inference is illogical
The so-called reasoning is to draw conclusions based on known premises. If there is no necessary connection between premise and conclusion, reasoning is illogical.
For example, if the collected materials are not rich, it will be impossible to compare and identify them, and no typical cases can be found, or even the numbers are inaccurate and the names do not match.
Modify:? Not rich in materials? Follow? Incorrect number, inconsistent name? There is no necessary connection, because whether the numbers are accurate and the names are consistent is a matter of material reliability, not a matter of insufficient materials.
Teaching plan revision exercise of three ill sentences in senior high school;
1. Among the following sentences, the one that is not bad is () (08 Jiangsu Volume)
A: The development of any civilization is a process of collision, integration and communication with other civilizations. A completely closed environment can not bring about the progress of civilization, but only the decline of civilization.
B. Promote the paid use of plastic bags, mainly through economic means, and train people to use plastic bags as little as possible, which will undoubtedly play a positive role in reducing white pollution and purifying the environment.
C. When the Olympic torch reaches the summit of Mount Everest, it must overcome unfavorable special climatic conditions such as low temperature, low pressure and strong wind, and fully consider all kinds of difficulties that climbers may encounter when reaching the summit.
The Beijing-Shanghai high-speed railway to be completed in d 20 13 will not only optimize the railway transportation structure in the eastern region, but also help railway transportation to form complementary advantages with other modes of transportation.
2. In the following sentences, there is no improper use of words () (07 Jiangsu Volume)
A. Before the birth and development of new artistic forms and aesthetic forms, artists from generation to generation inherited, perfected and sublimated the excellent artistic traditions of the Chinese nation.
The relevant person in charge of China National Intellectual Property Administration believes that the sustained and rapid growth of domestic patent applications shows that the public's patent awareness and R&D level in China are constantly improving.
C. The original intention of building Sutong Bridge is to narrow the distance between northern Jiangsu and southern Jiangsu and further promote the implementation of the development strategy along the Yangtze River in Jiangsu Province, which is of great significance.
D. global greenhouse gas emission reduction, regardless of the magnitude, makes it possible to slow down the continuous rise of the earth's temperature and sea level.
3. Among the following sentences, the one that is not bad is () (05 Jiangsu Volume)
A. People's sorrow is that they don't know how to cherish when they should cherish, but they lose the opportunity to cherish when they know how to cherish.
B.this time, me? Be sure to persuade the teacher to go with you, so that you won't be too nervous and you can play better.
C.？ New curriculum standard? Requirements, in teaching, the role of teachers should be from the traditional? Full house irrigation? Turn into a participant and promoter of students' learning.
D. Many people take advantage of the long vacation to travel. How can they avoid their legitimate rights and interests being infringed? Relevant departments have given relevant tips.
4. Among the following sentences, the one that is not bad is () (04 Jiangsu Volume)
A. Some people think that it is a bit inhuman for scientists to bury themselves in scientific research all day and not ask about family affairs, but the fact is the best explanation of this prejudice.
B. All kinds of fines and confiscations of government law enforcement departments must be turned over according to law, and cannot be withheld for personal use, and their sources of funds can only come from state financial allocations.
C at dusk, standing at the top of the mountain, I saw lights flashing at the junction of water and sky, which is Dongping village, a famous tourist attraction at home and abroad.
D Now many primary schools allow students to drink water, go to the toilet and even interrupt the teacher's lecture. These behaviors, which have always been regarded as disciplinary violations, have been corrected.