smart wearable market welcomes new technologies! Low-power Wi-Fi standard is specially built for the Internet of Things

In the Internet age, Wi-Fi is as ubiquitous as oxygen in our lives. It is the most widely used wireless network transmission protocol today, carrying more than half of the global traffic. Wi-Fi is an all-encompassing term used to describe the evolving 812.11 protocol family.

The Wi-Fi Alliance is an organization that promotes the development of Wi-Fi. They simplify the names of Wi-Fi through numerical naming, such as 812.11ax for Wi-Fi6, 812.11ac for Wi-Fi5 and 812.11n for Wi-Fi4.

the arrival of p>5G has opened the era of the internet of everything, such as autonomous driving, smart city, telemedicine, smart wearable and so on, all of which are application scenarios of the internet of things. In order to better meet the needs of this kind of market, the Wi-Fi Alliance has introduced a Wi-FiHaLow authentication scheme with wider coverage and lower power consumption.

Wi-Fi halo is an authentication standard based on IEEE812.11ah technology, and it is also a low-power wi-fi technology tailored for the IoT market.

as we all know, low-power transmission standards suitable for the internet of things include ZigBee, Z-Wave, bluetooth and Thread. The disadvantages of ZigBee and Z-Wave are low bandwidth and weak flexibility in setting. Take ZigBee as an example, it can't perform frequency hopping, and it is easy to be disturbed when the network is deployed. Therefore, ZigBee is not suitable for Internet of Things or M2M applications with unstable RF environment (terminals based on specific industries). While Wi-FiHaLow can connect more than 8,111 devices to a single node, and it also has certain anti-interference ability and wall penetration.

as for bluetooth, its disadvantage lies in the communication distance, which generally does not exceed 11 meters. The maximum transmission distance of Wi-FiHaLow reaches 1111 meters.

as a kind of long-distance wireless transmission technology, Wi-FiHaLow has the characteristics of low power consumption and long distance, and can be used in smart wearable devices in addition to industrial internet of things, unmanned aerial vehicles, security monitoring and other fields.

At present, mainstream smart wearable devices can be roughly divided into three categories: TWS, smart watches and smart glasses. The first is TWS. Consumers usually pay more attention to the sound quality, noise reduction and endurance of the headphones before purchasing TWS headphones.

for better portability, TWS headphones are basically made smaller, about the size of a thumb. In a limited volume, TWS headphones need to be stuffed with many components, including audio units, noise reduction chips, batteries and so on.

At present, most TWS headphones on the market can be used for 5-8 hours at a time. There are two ways for manufacturers to further improve the endurance of TWS headphones: one is to increase the battery capacity; The other is to introduce fast charging technology.

although it is not difficult to increase the battery capacity, there are many problems in this simple and rude method. for example, with the increase of the battery capacity, the volume of the battery will also increase, so that the cavity of the earphone will also become larger and heavier, which not only sacrifices some portable properties, but also affects the wearing comfort of the earphone. Moreover, adding more functions to TWS will also speed up the battery consumption.

as for the introduction of fast charging technology, it can't fundamentally solve the battery life problem of TWS headphones, because users need to put the headphones in the charging box and wait for 5 minutes before they can continue to use them for 1 hours. The low power consumption of Wi-FiHaLow helps to improve the endurance of TWS headphones. Although it is not difficult to bring about qualitative improvement, it is at least better than before.

followed by smart watches. Take AppleWatch as an example. It can operate independently from the mobile phone through the e-SIM function, and has a special Application store. Users can download the corresponding app according to their own needs. These operations are inseparable from mobile cellular data and Wi-Fi.

the biggest bottleneck of traditional Wi-Fi is power consumption. In terms of power consumption, Wi-FiHaLow uses a lower frequency of 711~911 and a narrower channel occupation width, which makes the power consumption on the same level as Bluetooth, ZigBee and other short-distance wireless transmission technologies.

that is to say, whether downloading and installing an App or using an app that needs networking for a long time, the smart watch that supports the Wi-FiHaLow standard will have lower power consumption performance, which corresponds to the improvement of endurance.

finally, smart glasses. At present, there are two types of smart glasses commonly used in the market: home use and outdoor use. The former is mainly used for audio-visual entertainment, such as watching movies and playing games. The latter is more inclined to answer the phone and listen to music.

besides low power consumption, Wi-FiHaLow also supports long-distance transmission, multi-device connection, better wall penetration ability and stronger anti-interference. For home smart glasses, if the router is located in the living room, the WiFi connectivity will be worse when used in the room. In addition, if you are not the only one at home and the router does not support Wi-Fi6, using smart glasses may affect the user experience because of network congestion. If the home smart glasses support the Wi-FiHaLow standard, the above problems may all be solved.

For smart glasses used outdoors like Huawei Eyewear, the biggest problem is the stability of network connection. For example, in the application scenarios with complex signals such as subway and bus, when listening to songs with outdoor smart glasses, it may be interfered by external signals, resulting in frequent disconnection of equipment. Compared with traditional Wi-Fi and Bluetooth, Wi-FiHaLow has stronger signal anti-interference ability, which can greatly reduce the interference of external signals on smart glasses.

In fact, compared with smart wearable devices, Wi-FiHaLow plays a more important role in laying out the AIoT market. For example, intelligent security, because the maximum transmission distance of Wi-FiHaLow is 1,111 meters, and supports up to 1,111 devices to access the same connection point at the same time, large shopping malls only need to build an access point of Wi-FiHaLow in one location, which can cover all surveillance cameras supporting this standard within one kilometer. For merchants, the cost of layout security monitoring will be lower.

Moreover, Wi-FiHaLow is helpful to improve the experience of smart home. At present, the experience of smart home is not very good, either it is often disconnected or it is interfered by signals from other devices in the home, resulting in a high delay in actual use. If all smart homes support the Wi-FiHaLow standard, then these problems may be solved.

In fact, Wi-FiHaLow is not a new technology. As early as 2116, the Wi-Fi Alliance announced this standard, but no manufacturer was willing to follow it. It was not until domestic Zhuhai Taixin Semiconductor launched the world's first mass-produced chip based on the Wi-FiHalow standard, but the application scenarios did not have much contact with ordinary consumers.

To be honest, Wi-FiHaLow and Wi-Fi6 overlap somewhat in positioning. After all, there is not much difference between them in indoor application scenarios. In contrast, Wi-FiHaLow is more suitable for outdoor scenes. Obviously, it is a correct decision for the Wi-Fi Alliance to announce the standard again at this time node.

however, considering the progress of the standard from publication to chip mass production to commercialization, manufacturers may not follow up and launch related products. Although there are not a few manufacturers joining the Wi-Fi alliance, including the upstream chip manufacturers Intel and Qualcomm, and the downstream terminal brand manufacturers including Microsoft, Apple and Huawei, whether the Wi-FiHaLow standard will be applied to the smart wearable field will ultimately depend on whether the manufacturers are willing or not. After all, they have learned from the past.

what is wearable device technology? Wearable technology is an innovative technology put forward by MIT Media Lab in 1961s. With this technology, multimedia, sensors, wireless communication and other technologies can be embedded into people's clothes, supporting gestures, eye movements and other interactive ways. The purpose of wearable technology is to achieve fast data acquisition through "internal connection" and maintain social contact efficiently through ultra-fast content sharing ability. Get rid of traditional handheld devices and get a seamless network access experience. Wearable health equipment is another branch of wearable equipment which is gradually derived with the development of wearable equipment. Since the 1961s, wearable devices have gradually appeared. In 1971s, the wearable computer with digital camera invented by inventor allen lewis can predict the outcome of casino roulette. In 1977, C.C. Colin of the School of Visual Science of Smith-Kettlewell Institute made a vest for the blind. It converts the images obtained by the head-mounted camera into tactile images through the grid on the vest, so that blind people with feet and silver can "see" them. Broadly speaking, this can be regarded as the world's first wearable health device. Every laboratory thinks that the health field is the most promising field for wearable devices, and the essence of wearable health devices is to interfere with and improve human health. Wearable devices are also developing from "information collection" to "direct intervention". Wearable health equipment refers to various common diseases in urban people's graves and banquets. For example, relaxing massage for cervical vertebrae anytime and anywhere, or even changing a bridge directly interferes with brain waves to help people sleep. In addition, foreign melons and domestic every have launched their own innovative products in this respect. Comfortable to wear, even without feeling. It is impossible to be completely insensitive to today's wearable health equipment. But it is the direction of all enterprises to strive to be light and small. Compared with professional medical equipment, wearable health equipment is not as effective as professional equipment, but its advantage is that it is convenient and fast, and it can protect and treat the body anytime and anywhere, which has great advantages in preventing and alleviating diseases. The use process should not interfere with normal life. Consumers can't accept health equipment that takes special time and constantly challenges their patience. Therefore, wearable health equipment should be fully considered when designing, so as not to affect the normal life and work of users. The appearance should be suitable for the occasion and environment. Sometimes, wearable devices cannot be "invisible". However, if the appearance of these devices is suitable for the environment or even cool enough, users don't mind showing off with such devices.

what is a smart wearable smart watch?

Smart wearable devices are the general name for intelligent design of daily wear and development of wearable devices by using wearable technology, such as smart watches and smart bracelets.

What is the working principle of smart bracelets?

With a whirlwind of smart wearable devices blowing through the IT industry, Google Glass and smart watches have sustained exposure and high attention, and smart bracelets seem to be on fire. Many people must have doubts. Seeing these smart watches and smart bracelets sold in the market, they say that they can detect the state of movement and sleep through Bluetooth. What is their working principle? How to realize the function? I will introduce it to you in detail below.

what is the working principle of the smart bracelet? 1

I. the principle of the smart bracelet

the motion monitoring function of the smart bracelet is realized by a gravity acceleration sensor. Gravity sensor is a very mature technology, and mobile phones have been used for a long time. For example, the screen flipping function of smart phones is realized by sensors. Sensors get some basic data by judging people's movements, and then combined with the basic information of personal physical signs input by users, according to some specific algorithms, they get personalized monitoring data for individuals, such as the number of steps, distance and calories consumed, so as to judge the frequency and intensity of exercise. Because everyone's exercise has different effects with different physical signs, users need to input their own gender, age, height, weight and other information in the APP before using the bracelet to monitor, and the information will be automatically synchronized to the bracelet, and the movement will be monitored by sensors, and finally the function of sports monitoring will be realized through a specific algorithm.

Sleep monitoring is also realized by the same sensor technology. According to brain wave signals, people's sleep can be divided into five stages: falling asleep, shallow sleep, deep sleep and rapid eye movement (REM). People's brain waves can change rapidly at different stages. Interestingly, the gravity acceleration sensor does not have the function of directly detecting brain waves, so it uses the amplitude and frequency of people's actions during sleep as a standard to judge which stage of sleep. The smart alarm clock function of the bracelet will wake up the user during the rapid eye movement period. "Because in the rapid eye movement period, sleepers will have high-frequency and low-amplitude brain waves similar to those when they are awake, which is easier to wake up. If they wake up at this time, they will feel.

Second, what is the working principle of the smart bracelet?

Heart rate: Use two electrode pads (ECG principle), and you can find a ready-made plan online;

Respiration rate: Three-dimensional acceleration sensor (vibration principle) can be used, but there is no ready-made scheme, and the model needs to be made by yourself. There are many vibration clutter, so it is very promising to have a good filtering algorithm.

blood pressure, I don't know what to do in such a simple way.

difficulty: but the difficulty of this product lies in how to realize the collection of various data with a simple product without disturbing users. The data here involves blood pressure, blood sugar, blood oxygen, pulse and other data. Our normal measurement process of these data is to draw blood to measure blood sugar and oxygen content, to measure body temperature with thermometer and to measure blood pressure by compressing blood vessels.

This problem is actually a problem faced by many smart devices. The sports bracelet still stays in the function of obtaining position information and analyzing various complex human states from exercise to sleep through the gyroscope, and the accuracy of the data is limited.

Assumption:

1. Detect the oxygen content of human red blood cells through the principle of reflection.

2. By detecting the pulse conduction rate, calculate the time difference between ECG detection and pulse detection to get blood pressure information.

3. Get more accurate human body temperature values through temperature induction on the inside and outside.

4. After detecting the metabolic heat, blood oxygen saturation and blood flow rate, the blood sugar concentration value is calculated.

The biggest breakthrough of this principle is to realize the non-invasive acquisition of physical sign data with little interference to people. The changes of blood pressure, blood sugar and body temperature are very helpful for people with hypertension, diabetes and pregnant women to test their physical data. Guo Hui said that this principle has passed the theoretical certification and is planning the hardware design. Of course, he also hopes to have more investment to promote the project development. At present, most of the bottlenecks of smart devices are information acquisition. If the Guo Hui team can realize this idea, it is not a problem to make bracelets and watches.

the core is a 3-axis gravity acceleration sensor, and its output value is converted into living momentum through an algorithm. The basic principle is to calculate the amount of work done to overcome gravity and inertia, so it is necessary to bring in the weight to participate in the calculation. Now, all bracelets, tracker and so on, regardless of the brand and model, are imported from the outside when they are synchronized.