Overview of garbage classification
Since early June, the Ministry of Housing and Construction, the Development and Reform Commission and other nine ministries and commissions issued a document announcing that from 2019 onwards, in the country's prefectural-level and above cities to start the classification of domestic garbage work, garbage classification gradually triggered heated discussions. July 1, Shanghai officially entered the era of mandatory classification of garbage, garbage classification has undoubtedly become the hottest topic of the current one.
Recently there is a very hot paragraph: since the beginning of the promotion of garbage classification, Shanghai citizens have to undergo twice a day from the old aunt's soul torture: "Nong is what garbage?" Currently, Shanghai divides garbage into four categories: recyclable garbage, wet garbage (kitchen waste), hazardous garbage and dry garbage.
Shanghai garbage classification
Source: public information
China's domestic garbage production has maintained a growth of about 5% in recent years, with the national domestic garbage removal volume reaching 228 million tons in 2018, according to data from the National Bureau of Statistics and the OECD, and China has currently surpassed the United States as the country that produces the most garbage in the world. In the past the amount of national domestic waste removal has always been higher than the amount of harmless treatment, a large amount of urban domestic waste is directly piled up without treatment, waste classification is obviously necessary.
China's urban domestic waste removal volume, 2014-2018
Source: public information compilation
The entire chain of garbage classification can be divided into four phases, including: sorting and placing (at the residents' level), sorting and collecting (at the community level), sorting and transporting (removing and transporting), and sorting and disposing (garbage treatment).
Related report: "2019-2025 China garbage classification industry market research analysis and investment strategy consulting report" released by Huajing Industry Research Institute
Two, the status of garbage classification industry
1, garbage classification
From the "entrepreneurial projects" that have already been online. From the point of view, "door-to-door garbage collection" is one of the hottest options at present. Some sources point out that the current Shanghai net about the collection of garbage APP is extremely hot, in some door-to-door recycling APP application, the user growth rate accelerated significantly, and called door-to-door recycling of garbage orders gradually increased, repeat order rate is also very high, an average of seven days under a single. It is understood that the net about on behalf of the garbage collection App on the line for six months, in Shanghai has served more than 1.5 million users, and 70% of the users for the post-80s group. This is in stark contrast to the traditional data that participation in garbage collection is all elderly people.
2019 Shanghai online collection of garbage customer groups accounted for the distribution of
Source: public information
2, garbage transportation
From the point of view of the classification of transportation, China's production of sanitation vehicles fluctuations are more obvious, but the overall trend is on the rise. China's sanitation vehicle production grew from 33,200 units in 2010 to 107,100 units in 2018, with a compound growth rate of 15.8%. Influenced by the garbage classification policy, it is expected that in the future, sanitation vehicles will be subdivided into four types: hazardous waste removal vehicles, recyclables removal vehicles, wet garbage removal vehicles, and dry garbage removal vehicles, and the output will continue to improve.
China's sanitation vehicle production statistics from 2010-2018
Source: public information collation
3, garbage disposal
China's harmless garbage disposal capacity has continued to improve, from 356.130 tons/day in 2009 to 679,889 tons/day in 2017, and the harmless treatment rate of domestic garbage reached 97.7 percent.
Statistics of China's domestic waste harmless treatment capacity from 2009 to 2017
Source: public information compilation
While China's waste treatment capacity continues to improve, the country's waste classification and treatment system is still not perfect, and the main ways to deal with garbage are landfill and incineration, and in 2017, 210.342 million tons of harmlessly treated domestic garbage, 120.376 million tons were landfilled, 84.633 million tons were incinerated, and 5.333 million tons were treated in other ways.
Distribution of the proportion of harmless treatment methods for domestic waste in Chinese cities in 2017
Source: public information collation
Three, problems in the development of the waste classification industry
1, the residents' awareness of garbage classification is weak
In 2013, China had a pilot project to compel the residents to put out their own garbage and classify it, to guide the residents to consciously classify the garbage, and to reduce the burden of cleaning up the garbage. Residents consciously classify garbage, reduce the workload of cleaning and environmental protection personnel, and promote the construction of environmental civilization in China. But only a small number of urban communities to do, on the one hand, the government's publicity for this work is not enough, many second and third-tier cities and rural areas do not know to classify the garbage, part of the community is only to cope with the form of walking, is not clear about the specific garbage belongs to which classification, there is no systematic classification standards, such as recyclable and non-recyclable, can not ensure that everyone to do. On the other hand, the residents of the waste classification and recycling awareness is weak, their own resistance to implement the government's approach, but only from a personal point of view that throw a garbage is still so troublesome and unappealing, so this is the residents of the general quality of the performance of the low comprehensive, on the classification of garbage recycling awareness of the weak, do not pay attention to the hazards it brings to life, the environment.
2, the lack of a perfect and effective classification and recycling system
While for the classification and recycling of garbage, the State promulgated the "Implementation Plan for the Classification System of Domestic Waste" in March 2017, which requires that the classification of garbage be mandatorily implemented in some areas first, and that the recycling rate of garbage in a replicable and popularized model reach more than 35% by 2020, making it possible for the recycling rate to reach more than 35%. However, the current still can not be universally implemented, is due to the current stage of China's treatment of waste to landfill or incineration, this way not only high cost, pollution of the environment, the more serious is the impact of the soil, which in turn affects the quality of water, etc..
Four, the future development trend of the waste classification industry and recommendations
1, drive the development of related industries
Now, the mandatory era of waste classification is coming, its corresponding industry chain in the field of sanitation transfer, kitchen waste disposal, waste incineration are expected to usher in investment opportunities, new equipment purchases and device construction space of about 160 billion yuan. Wet garbage as a result of the largest proportion of garbage generated by residents, in the front-end classification, transit into a system that will help the back-end processing to improve efficiency, the supply of raw materials is also guaranteed, the relevant enterprises can be through the technology of food waste into organic fertilizers to gain revenue. In addition, recyclable waste is also worth paying attention to the segment, how it is sorted and processed for recycling, as well as the industry downstream how to deal with processing have great opportunities.
2, garbage recycling marketization and industrialization
The relevant government departments should change the traditional management ideas and concepts, into the power of private capital, into the power of market operation. City garbage is increasing every year, if not handled well is a serious environmental burden, if handled well will be transformed into a resource. The government correctly guides social capital, the introduction of corresponding support policies, will be conducive to the development of the garbage recycling market towards a standardized business model, is conducive to the formation of a complete industrial chain of garbage classification and treatment.